Search: “evaluation”

WaterSearch: A Quality-Aware Search-based Watermarking Framework for Large Language Models

arXiv:2512.00837v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Watermarking acts as a critical safeguard in text generated by Large Language Models (LLMs). By embedding identifiable signals into model outputs, w

researcharxiv-cs-cl

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When LLM Reward Design Fails: Diagnostic-Driven Refinement for Sparse Structured RL

DGX agent

arXiv:2605.28918v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: For sparse, structured reinforcement-learning tasks with semantic reward-function interfaces, LLM-generated reward shaping is better framed as debugging

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

29 May 2026

When Should a Robot Think? Resource-Aware Reasoning via Reinforcement Learning for Embodied Robotic Decision-Making

arXiv:2603.16673v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Embodied robotic systems increasingly rely on large language model (LLM)-based agents to support high-level reasoning, planning, and decision-

When Should Models Change Their Minds? Contextual Belief Management in Large Language Models

arXiv:2605.30219v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Long-horizon interactions require language models to manage accumulating information: when to update their state, when to preserve their state, and what

When, why, and how do diffusion posterior samplers fail? A finite-sample lens

arXiv:2605.30330v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Diffusion models have excellent capacity to model complex distributions of natural data, which has made them a popular and effective choice for posterio

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Why Far Looks Up: Probing Spatial Representation in Vision-Language Models

arXiv:2605.30161v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-language models (VLMs) achieve strong performance on spatial reasoning benchmarks, yet it remains unclear whether this reflects structured 3D und

Tutorials

Zero-shot CT Super-Resolution using Diffusion-based 2D Projection Priors and Signed 3D Gaussians

arXiv:2508.15151v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Computed tomography (CT) is important in clinical diagnosis, but acquiring high-resolution (HR) CT is constrained by radiation exposure risks.

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cv

A Bayesian Nonparametric Perspective on Mahalanobis Distance for Out of Distribution Detection

arXiv:2502.08695v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Bayesian nonparametric methods are naturally suited to the problem of out-of-distribution (OOD) detection. However, these techniques have larg

A Comparative Study of Rule-Based and Data-Driven Approaches in Industrial Monitoring

arXiv:2509.15848v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Industrial monitoring systems, especially when deployed in Industry 4.0 environments, are experiencing a shift in paradigm from traditional rule-bas

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

A Digital Twin Framework for Virtual Visuo-Haptic Teleoperation of Complex-Shaped Optical Microrobots

arXiv:2605.28448v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Optical tweezers (OT) provide piconewton-scale manipulation for delicate biomedical tasks, where visuo-haptic feedback can improve operator awareness by

researcharxiv-cs-ro

A Factory-Floor Deployment Case Study of VLA Pipelines for Industrial Packaging Task: Workflow, Failures, and Lessons

arXiv:2605.27461v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-Language-Action (VLA) policies have shown promising manipulation capabilities, yet their practical impact is often limited by the reliability dem

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

A Fresh Look at Lamarckian Evolution and the Baldwin Effect

arXiv:2605.28703v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Baldwinian and Lamarckian evolution have existed for a long time in evolutionary algorithms (EAs) without ever dominating the academic literature or p

A Methodology to Assess Power Modeling in Energy-Aware Federated Learning on Heterogeneous Mobile Devices

arXiv:2605.27601v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Estimating CPU power on heterogeneous ARM-based commodity devices is challenging due to limited access to CPU's voltage domains. As a result, state-of

researcharxiv-cs-lg

A Simple State Space Model Excels at Multivariate Time Series Classification

arXiv:2605.27406v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Structured state space models (SSMs) have recently emerged as a promising foundation for sequence modeling, with Mamba-based architectures demonstrating

Hardware

A Unified Structured Query Understanding Framework for Industrial Semantic Search

arXiv:2605.27441v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Query understanding in large-scale industrial search systems is typically implemented as a cascade of disparate, task-specific components. While indiv

hardwarearxiv-cs-lg

ABot-OCR Technical Report

arXiv:2605.27978v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce ABot-OCR, an end-to-end vision-language model that transcribes a page image directly into clean Markdown in a single forward pass. By doing

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Activation Steering for Synthetic Data Generation: The Role of Diversity in Downstream Safety Detection

arXiv:2605.28664v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Safety detection models require examples of HHH (Helpful, Harmless, Honest)-violating outputs for robust generalization, however such examples are sca

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Adapting, Fast and Slow: On Few-Shot Transportability of Compositions

arXiv:2512.22777v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Generalization across domains requires stable structure that links the source and target distributions. Building on causal transportability th

researcharxiv-cs-ai

Agentic Active Omni-Modal Perception for Multi-Hop Audio-Visual Reasoning

arXiv:2605.28192v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multi-hop audio-visual reasoning remains challenging for Omni-LLMs, as relevant evidence is often sparse, temporally dispersed, and distributed across b

Agentic Separation Logic Specification Synthesis

arXiv:2605.27531v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Specification synthesis, the task of automatically inferring formal specifications from program implementations and natural language, is important for

Agents that Matter: Optimizing Multi-Agent LLMs via Removal-Based Attribution

arXiv:2605.27621v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As multi-agent systems (MAS) become increasingly complex, identifying the contributions of individual agents is critical for system optimization. Howe

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

AI, Take the Wheel: What Drives Delegation and Trust in Human-Computer Cooperative Question Answering?

arXiv:2605.28255v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: AI systems are fallible, and humans can make mistakes in deciding whether to trust AI over their own judgment. Thus, improving human-AI collaboration re

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

AlphaTransit: Learning to Design City-scale Transit Routes

arXiv:2605.28730v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Designing a transit network requires many sequential route extension decisions, but their quality is often visible only after the full network is assemb

Local Ai

An Evolutionary Approach for Designing Stable and Highly Expressible Low-Immunogenicity Therapeutic mRNA Sequences

arXiv:2605.27986v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Messenger RNA (mRNA) sequences as therapeutics require optimized design to ensure efficient translation, structural stability, and minimal immunogenicit

local-aiarxiv-cs-cl

Agents

An LLM-Based Assistance System for Intuitive and Flexible Capability-Based Planning

arXiv:2605.28666v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In modern industry, dynamic environments and the complexity of modular and reconfigurable resources require automated planning of process sequences. Cap

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Analyzing Quality-Latency-Resource Trade-offs in a Technical Documentation RAG Assistant Using LoRA Adaptation

arXiv:2605.28222v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We study quality-latency-resource trade-offs in a documentation-grounded retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) system that uses Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA

Apple Intelligence Foundation Language Models

arXiv:2407.21075v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We present foundation language models developed to power Apple Intelligence features, including a ~3 billion parameter model designed to run efficie

Applications of temporal graph learning for predicting the dynamics of biological systems

arXiv:2605.28659v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Biological foundation models have shown strong performance in single-cell representation learning by applying transformer architectures directly to gene

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Argument Quality Assessment with Large Language Models: A Pairwise Bradley-Terry Approach

arXiv:2605.28313v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in tasks related to reasoning and judgment. However, assessing the quality of arg

Ask Now, Use Later: Benchmarking the Proactivity Gap in Long-Lived LLM Agents

arXiv:2605.28108v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A long-lived LLM agent, such as OpenClaw, earns its value by acting on a user's preferences and constraints across sessions, not just the current reques

Asynchronous Remote Sensing Time-Series Fusion for Cloud Removal and Anytime Reconstruction

arXiv:2605.27726v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Frequent cloud cover severely limits the usability of Sentinel-2 (S2) optical time series for Earth surface monitoring. Sentinel-1 (S1) SAR provides all

Applications

AURA: Asymptotically Optimal Uncertainty-Robust Replanning Algorithm for Kinodynamic Systems

arXiv:2605.27699v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Sampling-based motion planners offer a practical and scalable approach to kinodynamic motion planning, notably for high-dimensional, underactuated, or n

applicationsarxiv-cs-ro

Automating Formal Verification with Agent-Guided Tree Search

arXiv:2605.27485v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Formal verification offers a path to provably correct software, but writing verified code remains expensive enough that the technique is rarely used i

Local Ai

Backdoor Attacks on Fault Detection and Localization in Cyber-Physical Systems

arXiv:2605.27674v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) integrate sensing, communication, computation, and control to support critical infrastructure, including smart grids, ind

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Applications

BEAR: Budgeted Evidence Allocation for Multi-Document Reasoning

arXiv:2601.18116v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We argue that multi-document reasoning is constrained not only by how much text a model can read, but also by how limited query-time evidence budget

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

Benchmarking and Mechanistic Analysis of Vision-Language Models for Cross-Depiction Assembly Instruction Alignment

arXiv:2604.00913v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: 2D assembly diagrams are often abstract and hard to follow, creating a need for intelligent assistants that can monitor progress, detect error

Benchmarking Ultrasound Foundation Models for Fetal Plane Classification

arXiv:2605.27796v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Ultrasound is widely used in obstetric care due to its safety, accessibility, and real-time imaging. However, interpretation remains operator-dependen

Better heads do not guarantee better binarized constituency parsing

arXiv:2605.28131v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We revisit punctuation-aware tree binarization for constituency parsing and ask whether dependency-induced headedness improves binary parser supervision

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Beyond Binary: Sim-to-Real Dexterous Manipulation with Physics-Grounded Contact Representation

arXiv:2605.28812v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A primary bottleneck in contact-rich manipulation is the difficulty of collecting real-world data. Sim-to-real reinforcement learning offers a scalabl

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Local Ai

Beyond Lipschitz: Data-Driven Robustness via Discrete Modulus of Continuity

arXiv:2605.28729v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Robustness of neural networks is commonly quantified via local or global Lipschitz constants. However, Lipschitz continuity can be overly coarse or ov

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

BIRDNet: Mining and Encoding Boolean Implication Knowledge Graphs as Interpretable Deep Neural Networks

arXiv:2605.28739v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Tabular data in knowledge-rich domains often carries a latent prior in the form of Boolean implication relationships (BIRs) between pairs of features.

researcharxiv-cs-ai

Boundary Suppression Asymmetry in Post-trained Assistants: Over-expansion as a Controllability Cost

arXiv:2605.27969v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Post-trained language-model assistants are often optimized to avoid under-answering, encouraging complete, helpful, cautious, and proactive responses. W

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Bounded-Compute Multimodal Regression for Product-Rating Prediction

arXiv:2605.27737v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-language models (VLMs) are increasingly attractive for multimodal quality assessment, but their default reliance on autoregressive text generatio

Building Community-Centred NLP Resources for Puno Quechua

arXiv:2605.28253v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The preservation of under-resourced languages requires digital tools and resources shaped by and for their speakers. We present the first dedicated ASR

Can Decision Trees Teach Large Language Models? Distilling Verbalized Knowledge for Molecular Property Prediction

arXiv:2603.12344v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Molecular Property Prediction (MPP) is a fundamental problem in drug discovery that has recently attracted growing attention. Large Language Models

Can I Have Your Order? Monte-Carlo Tree Search for Slot Filling Ordering in Diffusion Language Models

arXiv:2602.12586v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: While plan-and-infill decoding in Masked Diffusion Models (MDMs) shows promise for mathematical and code reasoning, performance remains highly sensi

researcharxiv-cs-ai

Can Large Language Models Handle Discourse Particles? A Case Study of Colloquial Malay

arXiv:2605.28782v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Discourse particles, such as extit{well} and extit{kind of}, are crucial components that enable LLMs to ``speak'' more like humans. They are used to con

Can LLMs Use Linguistic Uncertainty Markers to Reliably Reflect Intrinsic Confidence?

arXiv:2605.28778v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLMs' linguistically expressed confidence should faithfully reflect their intrinsic uncertainty. While recent work shows LLMs struggle to use epistemic

researcharxiv-cs-cl