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Pairwise Reference Alignment as a Model-Level Ordinal Observable

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2605.30758v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Pairwise preference data is widely used in language-model evaluation and alignment, often for model ranking, reward modeling, or preference optimization

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ParalESN: Enabling parallel information processing in Reservoir Computing

DGX agent

arXiv:2601.22296v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reservoir Computing (RC) has established itself as an efficient paradigm for temporal processing. However, its scalability remains severely co

researcharxiv-cs-ai

1 Jun 2026

Parallel Tempering Initial Sampling in Inference-Time Reward Alignment

arXiv:2605.30991v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Inference-time reward alignment steers pretrained diffusion and flow-based generative models to satisfy user-specified rewards without retraining. Rec

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Parameter-free Dynamic Regret: Time-varying Movement Costs, Delayed Feedback, and Memory

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2602.06902v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In this paper, we study dynamic regret in unconstrained online convex optimization (OCO) with movement costs. Specifically, we generalize the standa

Hardware

ParisKV: Fast and Drift-Robust KV-Cache Retrieval for Long-Context LLMs

arXiv:2602.07721v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: KV-cache retrieval is essential for long-context LLM inference, yet existing methods struggle with distribution drift and high latency at scal

hardwarearxiv-cs-cl

PASTA: A Scalable Framework for Multi-Policy AI Compliance Evaluation

arXiv:2601.11702v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: AI compliance is becoming increasingly critical as AI systems grow more powerful and pervasive. Yet the rapid expansion of AI policies creates

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Local Ai

PatchWorld: Gradient-Free Optimization of Executable World Models

arXiv:2605.30880v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Text-agent environments are typically modeled as partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs), assuming that the simulator's latent state a

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

PEEK: Picking Essential frames via Efficient Knowledge distillation

arXiv:2605.31029v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Video-language models can process only a limited number of frames, making frame selection a key bottleneck for efficient video captioning. Most captioni

Performance and Complexity Trade-off Optimization of Speech Models During Training

arXiv:2601.13704v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: In speech machine learning, neural network models are typically designed by choosing an architecture with fixed layer sizes and structure. The

Tutorials

Personalize Your Large Vision-language Models With In-context Prompt Tuning

arXiv:2605.31513v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have demonstrated strong general multimodal capability and are increasingly deployed in downstream systems. This tr

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cv

Personalized to Persuade: The Effects of Contextualization and Warmth on Trust and Reliance in Conversational AI

arXiv:2605.31275v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) agents personalize their responses by tailoring explanations to users' backgrounds, interests, and prior interactions, re

PhyDrawGen: Physically Grounded Diagram Generation from Natural Language

arXiv:2605.30512v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Generating physics diagrams from text requires strict adherence to physical laws. While current generative models produce visually plausible outputs, th

Physically Viable World Models: A Case for Query-Conditioned Embodied AI

arXiv:2605.30542v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: World models for embodied AI must be physically viable: constructed to answer intervention queries by representing the physical structure governing acti

Physics Enhanced Deep Surrogates for the Phonon Boltzmann Transport Equation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2512.05976v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Designing materials with controlled heat flow at the nano-scale is central to advances in microelectronics, thermoelectrics, and energy-conver

Physics-Informed Coarsening for Multigrid Graph Neural Surrogates

arXiv:2605.31013v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Learning-based surrogates for partial differential equations have recently matched the accuracy of classical solvers while achieving orders-of-magnitude

Physics-informed Goal-Conditioned Reinforcement Learning under Hybrid Contact Dynamics

arXiv:2605.30503v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Learning to reach arbitrary goals from sparse feedback requires agents to infer a rich notion of reachability across state--goal pairs. Goal-conditioned

researcharxiv-cs-ro

Agents

PictSure: Pretraining Embeddings Matters for In-Context Learning Image Classifiers

arXiv:2506.14842v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Building image classification models remains cumbersome in data-scarce domains, where collecting large labeled datasets is impractical. In-con

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

PINNs Failure Modes are Overfitting

arXiv:2605.30910v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are a common class of machine learning-based partial differential equation (PDE) solvers which train a network

PInVerify: An Offline Embodied Benchmark for Active Instance Verification

arXiv:2605.30639v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Embodied agents have made strong progress in navigating to target objects, but reaching the goal vicinity does not guarantee that the agent has found

Hardware

PithTrain: A Compact and Agent-Native MoE Training System

arXiv:2605.31463v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) has become the dominant architecture for frontier language models. To meet this demand, production frameworks have built opti

hardwarearxiv-cs-ai

Plain Transformers are Surprisingly Powerful Link Predictors

arXiv:2602.01553v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Link prediction is a core challenge in graph machine learning, demanding models that capture rich and complex topological dependencies. While

Planner-Centric Reinforcement Learning for Deep Research with Structure-Aware Reward

arXiv:2605.30824v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Deep research tasks require LLMs to plan what to investigate, retrieve evidence, and synthesize long-form answers across multiple branches of inquiry. E

*-PLUIE: Personalisable metric with Llm Used for Improved Evaluation

arXiv:2602.15778v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Evaluating the quality of automatically generated text often relies on LLM-as-a-judge (LLM-judge) methods. While effective, these approaches are com

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

PolSAR Image Classification using a Hybrid Complex-Valued Network (HybridCVNet)

arXiv:2605.31137v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recently, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have become popular for image classification due to their effectiveness in computer vision tasks. Now, re

Polyphony: Diffusion-based Dual-Hand Action Segmentation with Alternating Vision Transformer and Semantic Conditioning

arXiv:2605.31115v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Dual-hand action segmentation, densely predicting actions for both hands from untrimmed videos, is essential for understanding complex bimanual activiti

Population-Free Pareto Tracking for Sample-Efficient Multi-Policy MORL

arXiv:2508.02217v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) is a fundamental framework for real-world decision-making problems involving multiple conflicting crit

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Position-Blind Ptychography: Viability of image reconstruction via data-driven variational inference

arXiv:2509.25269v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: In this work, we present and investigate the novel blind inverse problem of position-blind ptychography, i.e., ptychographic phase retrieval w

Position: Evaluation of ECG Representations Must Be Fixed

arXiv:2602.17531v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: This position paper argues that current benchmarking practice in 12-lead ECG representation learning must be fixed to ensure progress is relia

Position: Quantum Kernel Machines Should Move Beyond Scalar-Valued Kernels to Realize Their Potential

arXiv:2506.03779v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Quantum kernel functions built using quantum-mechanical principles and have emerged as a centerpiece of quantum machine learning. The initial

Positional versus Symbolic Attention Heads: Learning Dynamics, RoPE Geometry, and Length Generalization

arXiv:2605.31558v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Transformer-based language models are widespread in today's society. As such, understanding the mechanisms by which they solve structured tasks and pr

Post-Training LLMs as Better Decision-Making Agents: A Regret-Minimization Approach

arXiv:2511.04393v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as 'agents' for decision-making (DM) in interactive and dynamic environments. Yet, since they

Post-Training Neural Network Pruning using Graph Curvature

arXiv:2601.16366v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: This paper provides a fresh view of the neural network (NN) pruning problem through the lens of graph theory. To achieve effective pruning, we aim t

PostCam: Camera-Controllable Novel-View Video Generation with Query-Shared Cross-Attention

arXiv:2511.17185v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We propose PostCam, a streamlined framework for novel-view video generation that achieves superior detail preservation and precise camera trajectory

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Tutorials

Practical Cross-Band Channel Prediction for AI-RAN via Physics-Guided Deep Unfolding

arXiv:2605.31279v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: To make cross-band channel prediction practical for AI-native RAN, algorithms must generalize across diverse environments and support real-time infere

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai

Preference-Aware Rubric Learning for Personalized Evaluation

arXiv:2605.31545v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As Large Language Models (LLMs) evolve from general-purpose assistants to user-centric agents, personalization has become central to aligning model beha

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

PReMISE: Policy Rubrics as Measurement Specifications for LLM Judges

arXiv:2605.30803v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM judges are increasingly used to evaluate open-ended responses, but their scores depend strongly on the rubrics that condition them. A vague rubric a

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Primitive Subspaces Mediate Few-Shot Transfer in VLAs

arXiv:2605.30695v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Deploying vision-language-action (VLA) policies in industrial environments requires the ability to teach new tasks at low cost, a property current VLAs

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

Prior Availability in Industrial Visual Sim-to-Real: A Review of CAD-Guided and CAD-Unavailable Regimes

arXiv:2605.30581v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Industrial visual sim-to-real is often described as transferring from synthetic images to real images, but industrial deployment usually involves a br

PRISM: Progressive Reasoning through Iterative Slot Memory for Vision

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2605.30942v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Modern vision models process images in a single feed-forward pass, which limits their ability to recover missing evidence or refine uncertain representa

PRISM: Self-Pruning Intrinsic Selection Method for Training-Free Multimodal Data Selection

arXiv:2502.12119v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Visual instruction tuning adapts pre-trained Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to follow human instructions for real-world applications

Probabilistic Precipitation Nowcasting with Rectified Flow Transformers

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2605.31204v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Accurate weather forecasts are essential across various domains and are safety-critical in extreme weather conditions. Compared to simulation-based fore

Probing Collision Grounding in Vision-Language Models for Safe Human-Robot Collaboration

arXiv:2605.31196v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Safe human--robot collaboration requires more than visual description: a monitor must determine whether the robot body is safely separated, already co

Probing the Prompt KV Cache: Where It Becomes Dispensable

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2605.30574v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Prior KV cache compression schemes empirically demonstrate that the prompt cache is partially redundant during decoding, dropping or summarising entries

Tutorials

Procedural Generation of First Person Shooter Maps using Map-Elites

arXiv:2605.30570v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We investigate the application of MAP-Elites (a well-known quality diversity algorithm) to design levels for First-Person Shooter (FPS) games. We consid

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai

ProofWala: A Framework for Multilingual Proof Data Synthesis and Theorem-Proving

arXiv:2502.04671v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Neural approaches to theorem proving require robust infrastructure for interfacing with interactive theorem provers (ITPs), extracting structured pr

Protein Language Model Embeddings Improve Generalization of Implicit Transfer Operators

arXiv:2602.11216v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Molecular dynamics (MD) is a central computational tool in physics, chemistry, and biology, enabling quantitative prediction of experimental observa

Protocol for evaluating ChatGPT in biomedical association generation and verification using a RAG-enabled, cross-model majority voting workflow

arXiv:2605.30400v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present a protocol to evaluate ChatGPT's ability to generate disease-centric biomedical associations. It outlines how we generate the associations, v

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Agents

Provably Convergent Actor-Critic for MARL through Risk-aversion

arXiv:2602.12386v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Learning stationary policies in infinite-horizon general-sum Markov games (MGs) remains a fundamental open problem in Multi-Agent Reinforcemen

agentsarxiv-cs-lg