Search: “multi-hop”

Re-ranking and Late Interaction Drive Retrieval Quality: A Controlled Comparison of RAG Strategies for Scientific Question Answering

arXiv:2609.38473v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is now the standard way to ground Large Language Models (LLMs) in external knowledge, yet the design space of ret

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Rethinking Multi-Image Re-Representation in Multi-Image Understanding

DGX agent

arXiv:2609.39363v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multi-image understanding requires MLLMs not only to recognise the content of individual images, but also to organise visual evidence distributed acro

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ai

1 Oct 2026

StateTree: Enhancing Long-Term Dialogue Reasoning via Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2609.38809v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models deployed as personalized assistants must reason over long, evolving interaction histories. However, in long-term dialogue reason

TRACE: Target-Aware Retrieval, Attributed Evidence, and Contract-Constrained Extraction for LitTraceQA

arXiv:2609.38861v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Finding a relevant paper is not the same as producing a verifiable answer from it. LitTraceQA requires canonical paper identifiers, exact evidence at th

We benchmarked 18 RAG pipelines against an agent loop on Google's FRAMES. The best pipeline hit 78.9%. The agent loop hit 92.7%.

model-releasesr-localllama

Hybrid search, reranking, query decomposition, and query expansion are often treated as must-haves for good RAG. We wanted to see how much each actually helped, so we tested them. Same model, same emb

Asking for What Was Never Requested: Horizontal and Vertical Proactivity in Agents

arXiv:2609.37236v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: An agent that uses tools typically responds to what the user explicitly asks, yet completing the task may require information the user never requested.

BITEM at the NTCIR-19 R2C2 Task: Predicting Confidence from Agentic RAG Pipeline Signals

arXiv:2609.37993v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The BITEM team entered both subtasks of the NTCIR-19 R2C2 task with a single agentic pipeline, in which a model searches, reads and records evidence o

BRIDGE: Bilevel Retrieval-Credit-Aware Agentic Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2609.36505v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Agentic reinforcement learning (ARL) with verifiable rewards improves the ability of large language models (LLMs) to tackle knowledge-intensive tasks by

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Homo-RAG: Homology-Guided Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Cross-Species Gene Function Prediction

arXiv:2608.25466v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The functional annotation of genes in non-model organisms remains a significant challenge in computational biology, with 20-70% of sequenced g

Port-Hamiltonian Latent Deliberation: Mitigating the Deliberation Drift Cliff in Test-Time Compute Scaling

arXiv:2609.37351v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Test-time compute scaling has emerged as a cornerstone of advanced machine reasoning, yet performing iterative deliberation directly within continuous

Regime Boundary Alignment for Evidence-Gated Question Answering

arXiv:2609.37491v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Retrieval-augmented language models are expected to answer from the retrieved evidence, but in practice they often keep answering when that evidence i

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

Before Answering: Evidence Sufficiency under Size-Matched Memory Construction

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2609.32269v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Agents that answer questions from compressed or retrieved memory must recognize when the evidence a query needs is no longer in memory. Benchmarks for

Agents

GenMem: Generative Symbolic Memory for Self-Evolving Harness

arXiv:2609.34633v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Long-term memory supports the self-evolution of LLM agents by retaining experience and skills across tasks and enabling their retrieval, reuse, and revi

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

HARMONIA: Interpretable Graph Learning through Mixtures of Neural Bases

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2609.33972v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Existing interpretable graph additive models still face limitations in either computational scalability or modeling flexibility. In terms of structura

Harness Learning Enables Generalizable Test-Time Adaptation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2609.35738v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A language-model agent is jointly defined by its model and its harness, the executable program that organizes model calls, tool use, and information f

Positions Are Not Facts: The Mismatch Between KV Caches and Memory

arXiv:2609.33759v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: When a fact changes, how should a language model update the history stored in its key-value (KV) cache? Hiding the old record is cheap, but it may sti

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Write Back the Delta: Revisiting the Same Tokens with Fresh Representations

arXiv:2609.32457v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Transformers process information strictly forward through depth, preventing deeper computation from revisiting and refining earlier representations. To

researcharxiv-cs-lg

A Benchmark Framework for Screening Automation in Systematic Reviews

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2609.30298v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Systematic reviews (SR) are essential for evidence-based research, but their screening phase is highly time-consuming and labor-intensive. Large languag

Backbone-Adaptive Evidence Routing for Robust Pairwise LLM Judging

arXiv:2609.30751v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Pairwise language-model judges can gather evidence through direct comparison, reasoning, or reference-based verification, but no single protocol is best

MVVBench: Benchmarking 4D Reasoning in Vision-Language Models

arXiv:2609.30952v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multi-view video understanding requires integrating spatial and temporal evidence across multiple, often non-overlapping camera streams: tracking enti

Peer-Grounded Counterfactual Path Planning for Chronic Health Management

arXiv:2609.30838v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Effective behavioral intervention in chronic disease management requires not a single prescription but a sequence of incremental steps, each grounded in

researcharxiv-cs-lg

The Hard Part Comes After Search: Benchmarking Web Agents on Synthesizing, Organizing, and Displaying Knowledge

arXiv:2609.30604v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Existing computer-use agent benchmarks do not fully evaluate agents acting as assistants. A useful assistant retrieves information across complex, mul

CinematicVQA: Benchmarking Film-Grammar Reasoning in Large Vision-Language Models

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2609.28813v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Cinematography, the craft of visual storytelling through framing, lighting, and camera operation, fundamentally shapes how audiences perceive and emotio

25 Sept 2026

Agent Factory recap: Agent harnesses, shifting left, and autonomous coding

model-releasesgoogle-cloud-ai

In this episode of The Agent Factory, we explore the reality of building with autonomous agents alongside Ryan Lopopolo, a software engineer at Google Cloud and the person who coined the term agent ha

Are Stated Reasoning Steps Causally Load-Bearing?

arXiv:2609.27038v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Chain-of-thought (CoT) monitoring assumes that the reasoning a model writes reflects the computation that directly produces its answer. Previous faithfu

Attention Routing Stabilizes Early: Working-Set Inference for Recurrent Language Models

arXiv:2609.27373v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recurrent language models repeatedly apply shared network blocks to refine latent representations, but standard inference recomputes global attention at

Local Ai

Controlling Collectives of AI Agents in Reasoning Space with Spatial Transformers

arXiv:2609.28247v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) introduce an exciting new paradigm for planning and navigation in robotics, but fail on even simple multi-robot tasks as

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Large Knowledge Model: From Papers to a Scientific Reasoning Landscape

arXiv:2609.27297v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Accumulated scientific knowledge advances inquiry when prior findings help researchers choose new questions, design investigations, and interpret result

Applications

LEGO: Synergizing Expert GraphRAG and Expert Chain-of-Thought for Legal Reasoning

arXiv:2609.27009v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models are increasingly applied to high-risk domains such as law, yet complex legal reasoning remains limited by two structural challenge

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

Tutorials

MORSE: Multi-Context Ordering via Reverse Scoring for Evidence-Preserving Compression

arXiv:2609.27380v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Likelihood-based context compression can account for cross-context redundancy through sequential scoring, but this makes compression outcomes sensitive

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cl

Reinforcement Learning with Decomposed Subtasks

arXiv:2609.27035v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) and related policy-gradient methods for training language model agents collapse an entire multi-turn rollout i

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

CoEvo: Oracle-Grounded Self-Evolution of a Single Model for Multi-Step Causal Reasoning

arXiv:2609.26094v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multi-step causal reasoning requires chaining inferences where each step constrains the next. An early error propagates silently, and a correct answer r

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

CoVeR: Coverage-Based Routing of Verifier Calls in Agentic Retrieval

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2609.26086v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: An agentic retrieval system issues a sequence of search queries and must decide, at each step, whether the evidence collected so far is enough to stop.

Agents

Divide by Question, Conquer by Agent: SPLIT-RAG with Question-Driven Graph Partitioning

arXiv:2505.13994v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems empower large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge, yet struggle with efficiency-accuracy tra

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Hardware

Interesting paper on agent memory stored as a linked markdown wiki. Lots of great ideas and insights if you work with LLM Wikis. Wikis are u…

Interesting paper on agent memory stored as a linked markdown wiki. Lots of great ideas and insights if you work with LLM Wikis. Wikis are useful for agents because each page holds dense text and the

hardwaredair-ai--x

VeriSoftBench: Repository-Scale Formal Verification Benchmarks for Lean

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2602.18307v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models have achieved striking results in interactive theorem proving, particularly in Lean. However, most benchmarks for LLM-ba

Agents

StepKV: Step-Aware KV Cache Compression for LLM Agents

arXiv:2609.22158v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Key-value (KV) caching is essential for efficient autoregressive large language model (LLM) inference, but the cache grows linearly with context length,

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

22 Sept 2026

Got jev-like api running natively on ninfer / qwen3.8 27b and results are quite decent

model-releasesr-localllama

Hi all! After all the jev hype I wanted to try by myself and got qwen3.8 27b to mix-and-match open implementations on top of ninfer, and to be honest I'm quite impressed with the results, latency is n

21 Sept 2026

Gradient-Stable Attention Heads Signal LLM Correctness

arXiv:2602.13699v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) often generate plausible yet incorrect answers, posing risks in safety-critical settings such as medicine. Human evalua

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

21 Sept 2026

AI-Driven Real-Time Relay Optimisation in Smart Urban NR-V2X Networks via Learning-to-Optimise Graph Neural Networks

arXiv:2609.20271v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reliable and low-latency communication is a fundamental requirement for smart city services and Industry 4.0 applications enabled by NR-V2X networks. Ho

18 Sept 2026

TRACE: Accountable Agentic Retrieval for Source Discovery in Digital Archives

arXiv:2609.19897v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Historical archives pose a difficult retrieval problem for retrievalaugmented generation systems: documents are OCR-degraded, heterogeneous across genre

18 Sept 2026

Decodable but Misrouted: Sparse Features Uncover a Readout Gap in Vision-Language Models for Harmful Meme Detection

arXiv:2609.18860v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: When a large vision-language model misclassifies a harmful meme, the failure may reflect missing internal evidence or an inability to route represente

PageRecall: Measuring Page Selection in Literature-Grounded Question Answering

arXiv:2609.18154v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We describe our system for LitTraceQA (GroundLM @ EMNLP 2026): given a research question, retrieve the relevant papers from a pool of 27,487, cite the

Quanta: A Self-Contained Python Library for Hybrid Retrieval over Quantised Embeddings, Lexical Indexes, and Knowledge Graphs

arXiv:2609.18248v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: An advanced retrieval-augmented generation pipeline is typically assembled from three or four independently operated systems: an approximate nearest-n

Version- and Scope-Aware Question Answering over Normative Documents: A Deployed System and an End-to-End Evaluation at Production Scale

arXiv:2609.18769v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Correctly answering a question grounded in normative documents often depends on information outside any single passage: whether the retrieved document i

Voice of Reason: Reinforcement Learning for Spoken Math

arXiv:2609.18677v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Speech language models enable richer spoken interactions between humans and machines than cascaded systems, allowing access to paralinguistic informatio

Hardware

WFM: Wiki Foundation Model for Complex Agentic Reasoning

arXiv:2609.18182v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Real-world agents fundamentally require persistent non-parametric knowledge for dynamic reasoning, i.e., long-term memory and retrieval-augmented genera

hardwarearxiv-cs-ai

Lit3R: Retrieve-Relate-Read for Evidence-Grounded Question Answering over Scientific Literature

arXiv:2609.16912v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We describe tus-nlp's Lit3R (Retrieve-Relate-Read) system for LitTraceQA, a shared task for literature-grounded question answering that requires systems