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Preference-aware Influence-function-based Data Selection Method for Efficient Fine-Tuning

arXiv:2605.21422v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As LLMs continue to scale, improving training efficiency increasingly depends on using data more effectively. Data selection addresses this problem by a

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Safety

PREFINE: Preference-Based Implicit Reward and Cost Fine-Tuning for Safety Alignment

DGX agent

arXiv:2605.21225v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We address the problem of making a pre-trained reinforcement learning (RL) policy safety-aware by incorporating cost constraints without retraining it f

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

21 May 2026

PrefixWall: Mitigating Prefix Caching Side Channels in Shared LLM Systems

arXiv:2603.10726v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) rely on optimizations like Automatic Prefix Caching (APC) to accelerate inference. APC works by reusing previousl

Preserve, Reveal, Expand: Faithful 4D Video Editing with Region-Aware Conditioning

arXiv:2605.20961v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Existing 4D-driven video diffusion models primarily target plausible generation, but faithful 4D editing requires preserving source-observed regions whi

Principled RL for Flow Matching Emerges from the Chunk-level Policy Optimization

arXiv:2510.21583v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent Progress in post-training flow matching for text-to-image (T2I) generation with Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has demonstrated st

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Prism: Structural Symmetry Scanning via Duality-Constrained Laplacian Projection

arXiv:2605.20245v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We introduce extbf{Prism}, a framework for structural symmetry diagnosis in complex networks. Given a graph Laplacian L and a duality operator P (a sy

Agents

ProCrit: Self-Elicited Multi-Perspective Reasoning with Critic-Guided Revision for Multimodal Sarcasm Detection

arXiv:2605.20867v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multimodal sarcasm detection requires reasoning over cross-modal incongruities between literal expression and intended meaning, yet the specific analy

agentsarxiv-cs-cv

Prompt Reinjection: Alleviating Prompt Forgetting in Multimodal Diffusion Transformers

arXiv:2602.06886v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Multimodal Diffusion Transformers (MMDiTs) for text-to-image generation maintain separate text and image branches, with bidirectional information fl

ProtoPathway: Biologically Structured Prototype-Pathway Fusion for Multimodal Cancer Survival Prediction

arXiv:2605.21454v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce ProtoPathway, an interpretable-by-design multimodal framework for cancer survival prediction that unifies whole slide imaging and transcrip

Provably Learning Diffusion Models under the Manifold Hypothesis: Collapse and Refine

arXiv:2605.20235v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Diffusion models generate high-dimensional data with remarkable quality, yet how their training efficiently learns the score function, bypassing the cur

Proximal State Nudging: Reducing Skill Atrophy from AI Assistance

arXiv:2605.20355v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Skill atrophy, the gradual decline of human capability under AI assistance, poses a safety risk in shared-control of semi-autonomous systems, where op

Pseudo-Formalization for Automatic Proof Verification

arXiv:2605.20531v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reliable verification of proofs remains a bottleneck for training and evaluating AI systems on hard mathematical reasoning. Fully formal proofs, in la

Pseudo-Siamese Network for Planning in Target-Oriented Proactive Dialogues

arXiv:2605.20195v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A target-oriented proactive dialogue system is designed to steer conversations toward predefined targets while actively providing suggestions. The core

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cl

Hardware

PulseCol: Periodically Refreshed Column-Sparse Attention for Accelerating Diffusion Language Models

arXiv:2605.20813v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Inference in diffusion large language models (dLLMs) is computationally expensive, as full self-attention must be repeatedly executed at each step of th

hardwarearxiv-cs-cl

Puzzled By ChatGPT? No more! A Jigsaw Puzzle to Promote AI Literacy and Awareness

arXiv:2605.20404v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The rapid adoption of Generative AI, including LLM-based chatbots like ChatGPT, has highlighted the need for accessible ways to support public understan

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cl

Q-ARVD: Quantizing Autoregressive Video Diffusion Models

arXiv:2605.21072v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Autoregressive video diffusion models (ARVDs) have emerged as a promising architecture for streaming video generation, paving the way for real-time inte

Q-DiT4SR: Exploration of Detail-Preserving Diffusion Transformer Quantization for Real-World Image Super-Resolution

arXiv:2602.01273v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recently, Diffusion Transformers (DiTs) have emerged in Real-World Image Super-Resolution (Real-ISR) to generate high-quality textures, yet their he

Q-Net: Queue Length Estimation via Kalman-based Neural Networks

arXiv:2509.24725v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Estimating queue lengths at signalized intersections is a long-standing challenge in traffic management. Partial observability of vehicle flows comp

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

Q-SpiRL: Quantum Spiking Reinforcement Learning for Adaptive Robot Navigation

arXiv:2605.20801v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Adaptive robot navigation in dynamic environments requires policies that can reach the target reliably while producing efficient and stable trajectories

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

Q-SYNTH: Hybrid Quantum-Classical Adversarial Augmentation for Imbalanced Fraud Detection

arXiv:2605.21164v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Credit card fraud detection is fundamentally challenged by extreme class imbalance, where fraudulent transactions are rare yet operationally critical. T

Quadratic Characterizations for Reachability Analysis of Neural Networks

arXiv:2605.20482v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Quadratic constraints (QCs) are widely used to characterize nonlinearities and uncertainties, but generic analytical characterizations can be conservati

Quantifying Hyperparameter Transfer and the Importance of Embedding Layer Learning Rate

arXiv:2605.21486v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Hyperparameter transfer allows extrapolating optimal optimization hyperparameters from small to large scales, making it critical for training large lang

Quantifying the cross-linguistic effects of syncretism on agreement attraction

arXiv:2605.21403v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Agreement attraction errors, in which a verb erroneously agrees with an intervening noun rather than its grammatical head, are amplified by morphologica

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Local Ai

Quant.npu: Enabling Efficient Mobile NPU Inference for on-device LLMs via Fully Static Quantization

arXiv:2605.20295v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed on mobile devices, where Neural Processing Units (NPUs) necessitate fully static quantization for

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

Quantum End-to-End Learning for Contextual Combinatorial Optimization

arXiv:2605.20222v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Contextual combinatorial optimization (CCO) plays a critical role in decision-making under uncertainty, yet remains a significant challenge. We presen

Quantum reservoir computing in Jaynes-Cummings models: Nonlinear memory and time-series prediction

arXiv:2510.00171v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We investigate quantum reservoir computing (QRC) using a hybrid qubit-boson system described by the Jaynes-Cummings (JC) Hamiltonian and its d

Query-Calibrated Segmental Admission for Descriptor-Agnostic LiDAR Loop Closure in Repetitive Environments

arXiv:2512.09447v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Structurally repetitive environments produce visually plausible but aliased LiDAR loop candidates that can destabilize pose-graph optimization

QwenSafe: Multimodal Content Rating Description Identification via Preference-Aligned VLMs

arXiv:2605.20584v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Mobile app marketplaces require developers to disclose standardized content rating descriptors (CRDs) to inform users about potentially sensitive or res

Local Ai

R2AoP: Reliable and Robust Angle of Progression Estimation from Intrapartum Ultrasound

arXiv:2605.21099v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Accurate estimation of the Angle of Progression (AoP) from intrapartum transperineal ultrasound is critical for objective assessment of labor progressio

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

RadProPoser: Probabilistic Radar Tensor Human Pose Estimation That Knows Its Limits

arXiv:2508.03578v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Radar-based human pose estimation enables privacy-preserving motion tracking for ambient intelligence, yet the noisy nature of radar sensing makes u

RankE: End-to-End Post-Training for Discrete Text-to-Image Generation with Decoder Co-Evolution

arXiv:2605.21195v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Discrete autoregressive (AR) text-to-image (T2I) models pair a VQ tokenizer with an AR policy, and current post-training pipelines optimize only the pol

RCGDet3D: Rethinking 4D Radar-Camera Fusion-based 3D Object Detection with Enhanced Radar Feature Encoding

arXiv:2605.21112v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: 4D automotive radar is indispensable for autonomous driving due to its low cost and robustness, yet its point cloud sparsity challenges 3D object detect

Reasoning-Trace Collapse: Evaluating the Loss of Explicit Reasoning During Fine-Tuning

arXiv:2605.21127v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Explicit reasoning models are trained to produce intermediate reasoning traces before final answers, but downstream fine-tuning is often performed on or

Reducing Object Hallucination in LVLMs via Emphasizing Image-negative Tokens

arXiv:2605.21300v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Object hallucination is a significant challenge that hinders the application of large vision-language models (LVLMs) in practice. We hypothesize that on

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cv

Refining and Reusing Annotation Guidelines for LLM Annotation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2605.20809v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable performance on zero-shot annotation tasks, they often struggle with the specialized convention

REFLECTOR: Internalizing Step-wise Reflection against Indirect Jailbreak

arXiv:2605.20654v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities, they remain susceptible to sophisticated, multi-step jailbreak attacks that circ

Regulating Anatomy-Aware Rewards via Trajectory-Integral Feedback for Volumetric Computed Tomography Analysis

arXiv:2605.20277v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Medical vision-language models (VLMs) have rapidly advanced as general-purpose multimodal assistants, yet their deployment in 3D Computed Tomography (CT

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Reinforcement Learning-based Control via Y-wise Affine Neural Networks: Comparative Case Studies for Chemical Processes

arXiv:2605.21211v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In this work we present an efficient and practically implementable approach for the application of reinforcement learning (RL)-based control in chemic

Reinforcement Learning for Risk Adaptation via Differentiable CVaR Barrier Functions

arXiv:2605.21257v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Planning through crowded environments under uncertain obstacle motions remains difficult, as stochastic interactions often induce overly conservative be

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

Reinforcement Learning with Discrete Diffusion Policies for Combinatorial Action Spaces

arXiv:2509.22963v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) struggles to scale to large, combinatorial action spaces common in many real-world problems. This paper introduces a nov

Reinforcing Human Behavior Simulation via Verbal Feedback

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2605.20506v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Humans learn social norms and behaviors from verbal feedback (e.g., a parent saying 'that was rude' or a friend explaining 'here's why that hurt'). Ye

Reliable Automated Triage in Spanish Clinical Notes: A Hybrid Framework for Risk-Aware HIV Suspicion Identification

arXiv:2605.21256v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Standard clinical Natural Language Processing (NLP) benchmarks often yield inflated metrics by forcing deterministic classification on ambiguous instanc

researcharxiv-cs-cl

RelWitness: Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Graph Generation with Visual-Geometric Relation Witnesses

arXiv:2605.20823v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Open-vocabulary 3D scene graph generation seeks to describe object instances and their relations with flexible natural-language predicates. The central

ReMATF: Recurrent Motion-Adaptive Multi-scale Turbulence Mitigation for Dynamic Scenes

arXiv:2605.21440v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Atmospheric turbulence severely degrades video quality by introducing distortions such as geometric warping, blur, and temporal flickering, posing signi

Local Ai

RePCM: Region-Specific and Phenotype-Adaptive Bi-Ventricular Cardiac Motion Synthesis

arXiv:2605.21237v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Cardiac motion over a cardiac cycle is crucial for quantifying regional function and is strongly affected by cardiovascular diseases. Since temporally d

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

rePIRL: Learn PRM with Inverse RL for LLM Reasoning

arXiv:2602.07832v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Process rewards have been widely used in deep reinforcement learning to improve training efficiency, reduce variance, and prevent reward hacking. In

Residual Paving: Diagnosing the Routing Bottleneck in Selective Refusal Editing

arXiv:2605.20262v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We study selective refusal editing as a three-way control problem: induce non-refusal on designated edit prompts while preserving benign behavior and ha

ResNet-50 with Class Reweighting and Anatomy-Guided Temporal Decoding for Gastrointestinal Video Analysis

arXiv:2603.17784v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We developed a multi-label gastrointestinal video analysis pipeline based on a ResNet-50 frame classifier followed by anatomy-guided temporal event