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Probability-Conserving Flow Guidance

arXiv:2605.20079v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Diffusion and flow-based generative models dominate visual synthesis, with guidance aligning samples to user input and improving perceptual quality. H

Agents

Probing Embodied LLMs: When Higher Observation Fidelity Hurts Problem Solving

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arXiv:2605.20072v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models are increasingly proposed as cognitive components for robotic systems, yet their opaque decision processes make it difficult to ex

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

20 May 2026

Prognostic Value of Lung Ultrasound Biomarkers for Readmission Risk in Congestive Heart Failure: A Pilot Data-Driven Analysis

arXiv:2605.18878v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Hospital readmission within 30 days of discharge is a leading driver of morbidity, mortality, and avoidable healthcare expenditure in congestive heart

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv

Program Evaluation with Remotely Sensed Outcomes

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2411.10959v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We study causal inference in experiments and quasi-experiments, where the economic outcome is imperfectly measured by a remotely sensed variab

Progressive Autonomy as Preference Learning: A Formalization of Trust Calibration for Agentic Tool Use

arXiv:2605.19151v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We formalize trust calibration for agentic tool use (deciding when an automated agent's proposed action may execute autonomously versus require human ap

Projecting Latent RL Actions: Towards Generalizable and Scalable Graph Combinatorial Optimization

arXiv:2605.19721v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Graph combinatorial optimization (GCO) has attracted growing interest, as many NP-hard problems naturally admit graph formulations, yet their combinator

ProJo4D: Progressive Joint Optimization for Sparse-View Inverse Physics Estimation

arXiv:2506.05317v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Neural rendering has advanced significantly in 3D reconstruction and novel view synthesis, and integrating physics into these frameworks opens new a

Prompting language influences diagnostic reasoning and accuracy of large language models

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2605.19173v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly explored for clinical decision support, yet most evaluations are conducted in English, leaving their relia

PromptRad: Knowledge-Enhanced Multi-Label Prompt-Tuning for Low-Resource Radiology Report Labeling

arXiv:2605.20052v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Automatic report labeling facilitates the identification of clinical findings from unstructured text and enables large-scale annotation for medical im

Protein Autoregressive Modeling via Multiscale Structure Generation

arXiv:2602.04883v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We present protein autoregressive modeling (PAR), the first multi-scale autoregressive framework for protein backbone generation via coarse-to

Provable Fairness Repair for Deep Neural Networks

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2605.19549v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Deep neural networks (DNNs) are suffering from ethical issues such as individual discrimination. In response, extensive NN repair techniques have been

Provably Data-driven Lagrangian Relaxation for Mixed Integer Linear Programming

arXiv:2605.19052v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Lagrangian Relaxation (LR) is a powerful technique for solving large-scale Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP), particularly those with decomposab

PROWL: Prioritized Regret-Driven Optimization for World Model Learning

arXiv:2605.18803v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Modern action-conditioned video world models achieve strong short-horizon visual realism, yet remain unreliable on rare, interaction-critical transiti

Proximal Diffusion Neural Sampler

arXiv:2510.03824v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The task of learning a diffusion-based neural sampler for drawing samples from an unnormalized target distribution can be viewed as a stochast

Pseudocode-Guided Structured Reasoning for Automating Reliable Inference in Vision-Language Models

arXiv:2605.19663v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are becoming the cornerstone of high-level reasoning for robotic automation, enabling robots to parse natural language com

PureCC: Pure Learning for Text-to-Image Concept Customization

arXiv:2603.07561v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Existing concept customization methods have achieved remarkable outcomes in high-fidelity and multi-concept customization. However, they often negle

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Qayyem: A Real-time Platform for Scoring Proficiency of Arabic Essays

arXiv:2603.01009v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Over the past years, Automated Essay Scoring (AES) systems have gained increasing attention as scalable and consistent solutions for assessing the p

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Quantifying the Generalization Gap in Seizure Detection: A Large-Scale Empirical Benchmark via the SzCORE Challenge

arXiv:2505.18191v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reliable automatic seizure detection from long-term electroencephalography (EEG) remains an unsolved challenge, as current models often fail t

Quantifying the Pre-training Dividend: Generative versus Latent Self-Supervised Learning for Time Series Foundation Models

arXiv:2605.19462v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The success of self-supervised learning (SSL) in vision and NLP has motivated its rapid adoption for time series. However, research has focused primar

Quantized Machine Learning Models for Medical Imaging in Low-Resource Healthcare Settings

arXiv:2605.19207v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Deep learning models have shown strong performance in medical image analysis, but deploying them in low-resource clinical environments remains difficu

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Quantum Adversarial Machine Learning: From Classical Adaptations to Quantum-Native Methods

arXiv:2605.18821v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Machine learning has revolutionized numerous industrial domains. Despite recent advances, machine learning models remain vulnerable to adversarial threa

Quantum Autoencoder for Multivariate Time Series Anomaly Detection

arXiv:2504.17548v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Anomaly Detection (AD) defines the task of identifying observations or events that deviate from typical - or normal - patterns, a critical cap

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Quantum Doeblin Coefficients: Interpretations and Applications

arXiv:2503.22823v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: In classical information theory, the Doeblin coefficient of a classical channel provides an efficiently computable upper bound on the total-va

Quantum Machine Learning for Cyber-Physical Anomaly Detection in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: A Leakage-Free Evaluation with Proxy-Audited Feature Sets

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2605.19233v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are cyber-physical systems whose attack surface spans networked avionics and on-board sensor fusion: a compromised GPS

Query-Aware Flow Diffusion for Graph-Based RAG with Retrieval Guarantees

arXiv:2605.18775v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Graph-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems leverage interconnected knowledge structures to capture complex relationships that flat retri

Local Ai

Query-Conditioned Graph Retrieval for Contextualized LLM Reasoning in Personalized Wearable Data

arXiv:2605.18763v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to analyzing wearable sensing data, which are long-term, multimodal, and highly personalized. A

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Rapid patient-specific neural networks for intraoperative X-ray to volume registration

arXiv:2503.16309v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Advanced navigation techniques in image-guided interventions and surgical robotics require the rapid and precise alignment of 3D preoperative

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

RE-VLM: Event-Augmented Vision-Language Model for Scene Understanding

arXiv:2605.19329v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Conventional vision-language models (VLMs) struggle to interpret scenes captured under adverse conditions (e.g., low light, high dynamic range, or fas

ReacTOD: Bounded Neuro-Symbolic Agentic NLU for Zero-Shot Dialogue State Tracking

arXiv:2605.19077v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Task-oriented dialogue systems -- handling transactions, reservations, and service requests -- require predictable behavior, yet the moderately-sized

Local Ai

Real-Time Parallel Counterfactual Regret Minimization

arXiv:2605.19928v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Counterfactual Regret Minimization (CFR) is the dominant algorithmic family for solving large imperfect-information games, underpinning breakthroughs

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Real-World On-Vehicle Evaluation of Embedding-Based Anomaly Detection

arXiv:2605.19744v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Detecting anomalies in traffic scenes is crucial for ensuring safety in autonomous driving, yet collecting representative anomalous data remains challen

Reasoning Portability: Guiding Continual Learning for MLLMs in the RLVR Era

arXiv:2605.18903v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision-Language Models in Continual Learning (VLM-CL) aim to continuously adapt to new multimodal tasks while retaining prior knowledge. The emerging

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Rebalancing Reference Frame Dominance to Improve Motion in Image-to-Video Models

arXiv:2605.19398v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Image-to-video models often generate videos that remain overly static, compared to text-to-video models. While prior approaches mitigate this issue by

Receptogenesis in a Vascularized Robotic Embodiment

arXiv:2603.09473v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Equipping robotic systems with the capacity to generate extit{ex novo} hardware during operation extends control of physical adaptability. Unlike mo

researcharxiv-cs-ro

RECIPE: Procedural Planning via Grounding in Instructional Video

arXiv:2605.19976v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Visual planning asks a model to generate the remaining steps of a procedure in natural language given a partial video context and a goal. Progress on th

RecoAtlas: From Semantic Plausibility to Set-Level Utility in LLM Recommendation Agents

arXiv:2605.18805v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: LLM recommendation agents increasingly produce structured recommendation reports: sets of items accompanied by natural-language justifications. Yet ex

ReCrit: Transition-Aware Reinforcement Learning for Scientific Critic Reasoning

arXiv:2605.18799v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models can fail in critic interaction not only by answering incorrectly, but also by abandoning an initially correct scientific solutio

Recursive Entropic Risk Optimization in Discounted MDPs: Sample Complexity Bounds with a Generative Model

arXiv:2506.00286v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We study risk-sensitive reinforcement learning in finite discounted MDPs with recursive entropic risk measures (ERM), where the risk parameter

Reducing Diffusion Model Memorization with Higher Order Langevin Dynamics

arXiv:2605.19170v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Diffusion/score-based models have emerged as powerful generative models, capable of generating high-quality samples that mimic the training data distr

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Reflection-Based Relative Localization for Cooperative UAV Teams Using Active Markers

arXiv:2511.17166v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reflections of active markers in the environment are a common source of ambiguity in onboard visual relative localization. This work presents a nove

researcharxiv-cs-ro

Replacement Learning: Training Neural Networks with Fewer Parameters

arXiv:2605.19533v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: End-to-end training with full-depth backpropagation remains the dominant paradigm for optimizing deep neural networks, but its efficiency deteriorates a

Resilient Byzantine Agreement with Predictions

arXiv:2605.19452v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This paper studies the Byzantine Agreement problem where the nodes have access to a predictor that flags nodes for suspicion of faulty (Byzantine) beh

Rethinking How to Remember: Beyond Atomic Facts in Lifelong LLM Agent Memory

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2605.19952v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: To enable reliable long-term interaction, LLM agents require a memory system that can faithfully store, efficiently retrieve, and deeply reason over acc

Rethinking Muon Beyond Pretraining: Spectral Failures and High-Pass Remedies for VLA and RLVR

arXiv:2605.19282v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Muon is a matrix-aware optimizer that leverages Newton-Schulz (NS) iterations to enforce spectral gradient orthogonalization by driving all singular val

Rethinking the Design Space of Reinforcement Learning for Diffusion Models: On the Importance of Likelihood Estimation Beyond Loss Design

arXiv:2602.04663v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning has been widely applied to diffusion and flow models for visual tasks such as text-to-image generation. However, these

Local Ai

Rethinking Visual Attribution for Chest X-ray Reasoning in Large Vision Language Models

arXiv:2605.20158v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) show promise in medical applications, but their inability to faithfully ground responses in visual evidence raise

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Natural Language Processing: A Survey

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2407.13193v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have achieved strong empirical performance in various fields, benefiting from their huge amount of parameters that stor

Retrieval-Augmented Linguistic Calibration

arXiv:2605.19344v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Linguistic cues such as 'I believe' and 'probably' offer an intuitive interface for communicating confidence, yet a generalisable, principled calibratio

researcharxiv-cs-cl