Search: “legal”

arXiv:2605.29795v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Real-world tasks often lack large labeled datasets, motivating extensive work on learning in low-data regimes. However, existing approaches such as few-

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai

29 May 2026

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The New Pro Se: Generative AI and the Surge in Federal Civil Self-Representation

DGX agent

arXiv:2605.29493v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Since public access to generative AI tools became widespread, federal civil litigation has seen a marked increase in pro se (self-represented) plainti

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

29 May 2026

Explainable AI Isn't Enough! Rethinking Algorithmic Contestability

arXiv:2605.16041v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Machine learning systems increasingly make life-changing decisions about individuals, such as loan approvals, hiring, and cheating detection, raising

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

18 May 2026

Alignment as Jurisprudence

arXiv:2605.08416v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Jurisprudence, the study of how judges should properly decide cases, and alignment, the science of getting AI models to conform to human values, share a

12 May 2026

Tutorials

SCPRM: A Schema-aware Cumulative Process Reward Model for Knowledge Graph Question Answering

arXiv:2605.02819v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models excel at complex reasoning, yet evaluating their intermediate steps remains challenging. Although process reward models provide st

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai

6 May 2026

ML-Bench&Guard: Policy-Grounded Multilingual Safety Benchmark and Guardrail for Large Language Models

arXiv:2605.00689v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in cross-linguistic contexts, ensuring safety in diverse regulatory and cultural environments

4 May 2026

Research

Evaluation without Generation: Non-Generative Assessment of Harmful Model Specialization with Applications to CSAM

arXiv:2604.25119v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Auditing the fine-tunes of open-weight generative models for harmful specialization has become a new governance challenge for model hosting platforms. T

researcharxiv-cs-lg

29 Apr 2026

LLM-ReSum: A Framework for LLM Reflective Summarization through Self-Evaluation

arXiv:2604.25665v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reliable evaluation of large language model (LLM)-generated summaries remains an open challenge, particularly across heterogeneous domains and document

29 Apr 2026

Agents

AI Identity: Standards, Gaps, and Research Directions for AI Agents

arXiv:2604.23280v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: AI agents are now running real transactions, workflows, and sub-agent chains across organizational boundaries without continuous human supervision. This

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

28 Apr 2026

Designing escalation criteria for international AI incident response: criteria, triggers, and thresholds

arXiv:2604.23183v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: AI incident reporting requirements are emerging in regulation and policy, yet no operational criteria exist for determining when a detected AI inciden

28 Apr 2026

AITP: Traffic Accident Responsibility Allocation via Multimodal Large Language Models

arXiv:2604.20878v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in Traffic Accident Detection (TAD) and Traffic Accident Understanding (TAU).

24 Apr 2026

Engaged AI Governance: Addressing the Last Mile Challenge Through Internal Expert Collaboration

arXiv:2604.21554v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Under the EU AI Act, translating AI governance requirements into software development practice remains challenging. While AI governance frameworks exist

24 Apr 2026

Learning When Not to Decide: A Framework for Overcoming Factual Presumptuousness in AI Adjudication

arXiv:2604.19895v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A well-known limitation of AI systems is presumptuousness: the tendency of AI systems to provide confident answers when information may be lacking. This

23 Apr 2026

'Newspaper Eat' Means 'Not Tasty': A Taxonomy and Benchmark for Coded Language in Real-World Chinese Online Reviews

arXiv:2601.19932v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Coded language is an important part of human communication. It refers to cases where users intentionally encode meaning so that the surface text dif

23 Apr 2026

RARE: Redundancy-Aware Retrieval Evaluation Framework for High-Similarity Corpora

arXiv:2604.19047v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Existing QA benchmarks typically assume distinct documents with minimal overlap, yet real-world retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems operate o

22 Apr 2026

Althea: Human-AI Collaboration for Fact-Checking and Critical Reasoning

arXiv:2602.11161v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The web's information ecosystem demands fact-checking systems that are both scalable and epistemically trustworthy. Automated approaches offer

21 Apr 2026

JudgeMeNot: Personalizing Large Language Models to Emulate Judicial Reasoning in Hebrew

arXiv:2604.18041v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Despite significant advances in large language models, personalizing them for individual decision-makers remains an open problem. Here, we introduce a s

21 Apr 2026

QU-NLP at QIAS 2026: Multi-Stage QLoRA Fine-Tuning for Arabic Islamic Inheritance Reasoning

arXiv:2604.16396v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Islamic inheritance law (ilm al-mawar{i}th) presents a challenging domain for evaluating large language models' structured reasoning capabilities, requi

21 Apr 2026

LaMSUM: Amplifying Voices Against Harassment through LLM Guided Extractive Summarization of User Incident Reports

arXiv:2406.15809v5 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Citizen reporting platforms help the public and authorities stay informed about sexual harassment incidents. However, the high volume of data shared

20 Apr 2026

RPS: Information Elicitation with Reinforcement Prompt Selection

arXiv:2604.13817v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in dialogue generation and reasoning, yet their effectiveness in eliciting user-known bu

16 Apr 2026

Assessing Model-Agnostic XAI Methods against EU AI Act Explainability Requirements

arXiv:2604.09628v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Explainable AI (XAI) has evolved in response to expectations and regulations, such as the EU AI Act, which introduces regulatory requirements on AI-po

14 Apr 2026

High-Precision Estimation of the State-Space Complexity of Shogi via the Monte Carlo Method

arXiv:2604.06189v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Determining the state-space complexity of the game of Shogi (Japanese Chess) has been a challenging problem, with previous combinatorial estimates leavi

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

10 Apr 2026

AgentTune: A Unified Training Lifecycle for Tool-Using LLM Agents

arXiv:2610.13335v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Tool-using agents increasingly require a common substrate for building, training, evaluating, distilling, and maintaining agentic systems, yet existing

12 Oct 2026

APEX-Harm: Evaluating Agent Safety in Shared Professional Workspaces

arXiv:2610.13623v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Professional agents increasingly work through command-line interfaces and multiple tools over shared workspaces containing files, messages, and busine

12 Oct 2026

Faithful and Complete LLM-Assisted Automated Construction of Hierarchical Hardware Knowledge Graphs

arXiv:2610.12762v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Hardware datasheets contain engineering specifications essential for component selection, system integration, and hardware compatibility verification. H

12 Oct 2026

LLM-IDEA: Identifiability-Driven Experimental Agent for Autonomous Discovery of Mechanistic World Models

arXiv:2610.11253v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model agents are being increasingly deployed as autonomous scientists, designing experiments and inferring mechanistic world models with

9 Oct 2026

Synthesis Through Simulation: Generating Coherent Enterprise Data via Scalable Agent-System Interaction

arXiv:2610.10549v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Tool-calling agents have become central to enterprise AI, yet training and evaluating them at scale remains severely constrained due to business and leg

9 Oct 2026

Is Word Error Rate Enough? Rethinking Privacy Evaluation in Speech with Entity-Aware Metrics

arXiv:2610.08831v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As the use of smart devices continues to increase, their potential to capture sensitive speech content raises growing privacy concerns. It is therefor

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

8 Oct 2026

Same Feedback, Different Answer: Measuring Run-to-Run Instability in Frontier-Model Customer Feedback Analysis

arXiv:2610.08036v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: AI agents are increasingly being programmed to automate knowledge work over large collections of unstructured data. Such automation requires repeatabili

7 Oct 2026

Causally Fair Generation with Large Language Models

arXiv:2610.04444v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to generate, complete, and transform information in settings where their outputs can shape conseque

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

6 Oct 2026

Agents

The Optimization Landscape of Learning Compacted Context Models

arXiv:2610.05885v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Many works approach continual learning through the lens of infinite context windows. As an agent puts more observation into context (concretely the KV c

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

6 Oct 2026

Becoming Suspicious Across Borders: Algorithmic Extraterritoriality and AI-Driven Financial Surveillance

arXiv:2610.03425v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Suspicion is an important, yet elusive concept in anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing (AML/CFT), which allows for intervention below t

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Building Interpretable Feature Representations for Resume-Vacancy Matching by Distilling Production LLM Signals

arXiv:2610.03112v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Matching candidates to vacancies is central to recruitment, and a recruiter needs to see why a candidate fits, not only a single opaque relevance score.

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

Finding the Move Is Not Winning the Game: XiangqiBench for Closed-Loop Evaluation of LLM Agents

arXiv:2610.02425v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Static evaluations credit a language model for naming the right move, but an agent must carry a plan through to a verified outcome while an opponent res

HakemBench: A Turkish Benchmark of Typed Decisions

arXiv:2610.02293v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: HakemBench is a Turkish benchmark of typed decisions, in which the model under test reads a text, a question and a fixed set of options and returns a pr

Global Coherence: When Every Agent Is Right and the Team Is Still Wrong - A Local-to-Global Semantic Foundation for Multi-Agent Collaboration

arXiv:2610.02036v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: AI agents can each make locally valid decisions yet jointly produce an invalid result. We call this the global coherence problem: a failure of shared st

2 Oct 2026

Knowing When to Yield: Grounded Arbitration of User Corrections in Text-Based Embodied Agents

arXiv:2610.00282v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: How should an embodied agent respond when a person's correction may be wrong? We formulate grounded correction arbitration as a choice among accepting,

2 Oct 2026

Tolerance-Based Fairness Auditing: Violation Certification and Sensitivity Screening

arXiv:2610.01005v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As artificial intelligence is increasingly deployed, algorithmic unfairness has raised growing concerns and intensified demands for transparent fairne

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

2 Oct 2026

A Reusable Semantic Web Framework for Evidence-Grounded Fundamental Rights Impact Assessments under the EU AI Act

arXiv:2609.39537v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The EU AI Act (Art. 27) requires deployers of high-risk AI systems to conduct Fundamental Rights Impact Assessments (FRIAs) before deployment, yet the

Policy-Conditioned AI-Use Detection: An Evidentiary Framework for Academic Publishing

arXiv:2609.38427v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Major venues now publish detailed rules about how authors, reviewers, and area chairs may use AI, and those rules differ by role, by task, and by what

Sequential Bayesian Evaluation of Large Language Model Behavior

arXiv:2511.10661v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: It is increasingly important to evaluate the characteristics of systems based on large language models (LLMs). Evaluations in this context often rel

Local Ai

Unapologetically Distributed: A Call for Decentralized Document Analysis

arXiv:2609.39684v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Privacy has become an increasingly important concern in the Document Analysis community, to the extent that in many environments such as archives, gover

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

Local Ai

Chinese-Jev: Bringing System One Model to Chinese-Language Tasks

arXiv:2609.36965v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: System One models such as Jev offer an efficient alternative to generative language models for tasks that require decisions rather than open-ended respo

local-aiarxiv-cs-cl

Evaluating and Benchmarking the System One Model Jev

arXiv:2609.37647v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Jev is a commercial System One model from TypeSafe AI that does not generate text: given a state and typed questions, it returns a choice from fixed o

On The Limited Cost of Consistency In Points-Based Rewards Programs

arXiv:2506.03911v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Points-based rewards programs are a prevalent way to incentivize customer loyalty. In theory, the effective design of these programs is shaped by tw

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Local Ai

RLX: A Unified Multi-Backend Tensor Compiler and Distributed Runtime in Rust

arXiv:2609.37916v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Production machine learning (ML) stacks often split graph compilation and kernel execution across different layers and languages, making backend behav

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

A Cheap Verifier is Good Enough: LLM Post-training is Robust to Erroneous Rewards

arXiv:2609.33467v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: When post-training large language models on tasks with semi-verifiable rewards, there are many factors (training steps, base model size, training order,

29 Sept 2026

DynGraphAgentBench: A Benchmark for Agentic Lifecycle Control in Dynamic Graph Anomaly Detection

arXiv:2609.33980v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Dynamic graph anomaly detection requires repeated decisions as graph structure and class prevalence drift, yet detector benchmarks usually score a fixed