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LLMs with in-context learning for Algorithmic Theoretical Physics

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2605.08212v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: There is an increasing number of algorithmic computations in theoretical physics. These, while conceptually simple, can nevertheless be time-consuming

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LLMSYS-HPOBench: Hyperparameter Optimization Benchmark Suite for Real-World LLM Systems

DGX agent

arXiv:2605.08305v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Model (LLM) systems have been the frontier of AI in many application domains, leading to new challenges and opportunities for hyperpara

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ai

12 May 2026

Local LMO: Constrained Gradient Optimization via a Local Linear Minimization Oracle

arXiv:2605.08850v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We design Local LMO - a new projection-free gradient-type method for constrained optimization. The key algorithmic idea is to replace the global linea

Locking Pretrained Weights via Deep Low-Rank Residual Distillation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2605.10777v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The quality of open-weight language models has dramatically improved in recent years. Sharing weights greatly facilitates model adoption by enabling the

Log analysis is necessary for credible evaluation of AI agents

arXiv:2605.08545v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Agent benchmarks typically report only final outcomes: pass or fail. This threatens evaluation credibility in three ways. First, scores may be inflated

LogitTrace: Detecting Benchmark Contamination via Layerwise Logit Trajectories

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2509.20909v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are commonly evaluated on challenging benchmarks such as AIME and Math500, where benchmark contamination can make memor

Hardware

LoKA: Low-precision Kernel Applications for Recommendation Models At Scale

arXiv:2605.10886v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent GPU generations deliver significantly higher FLOPs using lower-precision arithmetic, such as FP8. While successfully applied to large language

hardwarearxiv-cs-ai

Long-Horizon Q-Learning: Accurate Value Learning via n-Step Inequalities

arXiv:2605.05812v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Off-policy, value-based reinforcement learning methods such as Q-learning are appealing because they can learn from arbitrary experience, including

Loom: Hybrid Retrieval-Scoring Outfit Recommendation with Semantic Material Compatibility and Occasion-Aware Embedding Priors

arXiv:2605.09830v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present Loom, an outfit recommendation system that combines neural embedding retrieval with structured domain scoring to generate complete, coheren

researcharxiv-cs-cv

LoopVLA: Learning Sufficiency in Recurrent Refinement for Vision-Language-Action Models

arXiv:2605.09948v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Current Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models typically treat the deepest representation of a vision-language backbone as universally optimal for action p

Lost in Translation? Exploring the Shift in Grammatical Gender from Latin to Occitan

arXiv:2605.09156v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The diachronic evolution from Latin to the Romance languages involved a restructuring of the grammatical gender system from a tripartite configuration

researcharxiv-cs-ai

Lost in Volume: The CT-SpatialVQA Benchmark for Evaluating Semantic-Spatial Understanding of 3D Medical Vision-Language Models

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2605.08787v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advances in 3D medical vision-language models have enabled joint reasoning over volumetric images and text, showing strong performance in medical

Low-Cost Neural Radiance Fields

arXiv:2605.09312v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF) achieve high-quality novel-view synthesis, but their long training times and reliance on dense input views limit accessibi

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Low-Cost Stereo Vision for Robust 3D Positioning of Thin Radiata Pine Branches in Autonomous Drone Pruning

arXiv:2605.08213v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Manual pruning of radiata pine, a species of major economic importance to New Zealand forestry, is hazardous, labour-intensive, and increasingly constra

agentsarxiv-cs-cv

LPT: Less-overfitting Prompt Tuning for Vision-Language Model

arXiv:2410.10247v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated exceptional generalization capabilities for downstream tasks. Due to its efficiency, prompt le

researcharxiv-cs-ai

M2A: Synergizing Mathematical and Agentic Reasoning in Large Language Models

arXiv:2605.09879v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While reasoning has become a central capability of large language models (LLMs), the reasoning patterns required for different scenarios are often misal

M^2E-UAV: A Benchmark and Analysis for Onboard Motion-on-Motion Event-Based Tiny UAV Detection

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2605.10496v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Tiny UAV detection from an onboard event camera is difficult when the observer and target move at the same time. In this motion-on-motion regime, ego-mo

M^3: Reframing Training Measures for Discretized Physical Simulations

arXiv:2605.08843v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Neural surrogate models for physical simulations are trained on discretized samples of continuous domains, where the induced empirical measure leads to

Machine Learning-Based Graph Simplification for Symbolic Accelerators

arXiv:2605.08996v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Graph-based accelerators have been widely adopted in symbolic data processing applications such as genomics, cybersecurity, and artificial intelligence.

Machine Learning Research Has Outpaced Its Communication Norms and NeurIPS Should Act

arXiv:2605.08889v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Machine learning research has grown exponentially while its communication norms have not. We argue NeurIPS should adopt explicit, measurable writing s

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Machine Unlearning on Pre-trained Models by Residual Feature Alignment Using LoRA

arXiv:2411.08443v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Machine unlearning is an emerging technology that removes a subset of the training data from a trained model without significantly affecting t

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

MaD Physics: Evaluating information seeking under constraints in physical environments

arXiv:2605.10820v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Scientific discovery is fundamentally a resource-constrained process that requires navigating complex trade-offs between the quality and quantity of mea

MAG-VLAQ: Multi-modal Aerial-Ground Query Aggregation for Cross-View Place Recognition

arXiv:2605.09418v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multi-modal cross-view place recognition remains a fundamental challenge in computer vision and robotics due to the severe viewpoint, modality, and spat

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

MAGE: Multi-Agent Self-Evolution with Co-Evolutionary Knowledge Graphs

arXiv:2605.10064v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Self-evolving language-model agents must decide what to learn next and how to preserve what they have learned across iterations. Existing systems typica

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Magis-Bench: Evaluating LLMs on Magistrate-Level Legal Tasks

arXiv:2605.08437v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Existing benchmarks for legal AI focus primarily on tasks where LLMs must produce legal arguments or documents, yet the capacity to judge such argumen

MAGS-SLAM: Monocular Multi-Agent Gaussian Splatting SLAM for Geometrically and Photometrically Consistent Reconstruction

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ro

arXiv:2605.10760v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Collaborative photorealistic 3D reconstruction from multiple agents enables rapid large-scale scene capture for virtual production and cooperative multi

Majority Bit-Aware Watermarking For Large Language Models

arXiv:2508.03829v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The growing deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) has raised concerns about their misuse in generating harmful or deceptive content. To address

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Make Each Token Count: Towards Improving Long-Context Performance with KV Cache Eviction

arXiv:2605.09649v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The key-value (KV) cache is a major bottleneck in long-context inference, where memory and computation grow with sequence length. Existing KV eviction m

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Many Needles in a Haystack: Active Hit Discovery for Perturbation Experiments

arXiv:2605.10196v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: High-throughput gene perturbation experiments can test several genetic interventions in parallel, yet experimental budgets remain limited. A central goa

MapFormer: Self-Supervised Learning of Cognitive Maps with Input-Dependent Positional Embeddings

arXiv:2511.19279v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: A cognitive map is an internal model which encodes the abstract relationships among entities in the world, giving humans and animals the flexi

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

MapNav: A Novel Memory Representation via Annotated Semantic Maps for Vision-and-Language Navigation

arXiv:2502.13451v5 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Vision-and-language navigation (VLN) is a key task in Embodied AI, requiring agents to navigate diverse and unseen environments while following natu

agentsarxiv-cs-ro

Applications

MARGIN: Margin-Aware Regularized Geometry for Imbalanced Vulnerability Detection

arXiv:2605.10240v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Software vulnerability detection is critical for ensuring software security and reliability. Despite recent advances in deep learning, real-world vuln

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Tutorials

Markerless Head Tracking for Accurate and Accessible Neuronavigation

arXiv:2602.07052v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Neuronavigation is widely used in biomedical research and interventions to guide the precise placement of instruments around the head to support pro

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cv

MARLaaS: Multi-Tenant Asynchronous Reinforcement Learning as a Service

arXiv:2605.08527v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement Learning from Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has significantly improved the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), particula

Applications

Marrying Generative Model of Healthcare Events with Digital Twin of Social Determinants of Health for Disease Reasoning

arXiv:2605.09771v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Despite the central role of sensor-derived measurements such as imaging traits and plasma biomarkers in biomedical research and clinical practice, exist

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

MARS-SQL: A multi-agent reinforcement learning framework for Text-to-SQL

arXiv:2511.01008v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle with the precise logic and schema alignment required for complex Text-to-SQL tasks. While current method

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Masked Generative Transformer Is What You Need for Image Editing

arXiv:2605.10859v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Diffusion models dominate image editing, yet their global denoising mechanism entangles edited regions with surrounding context, causing modifications t

researcharxiv-cs-cv

MASS-DPO: Multi-negative Active Sample Selection for Direct Policy Optimization

arXiv:2605.10784v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multi-negative preference optimization under the Plackett--Luce (PL) model extends Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) by leveraging comparative signal

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Matching Meaning at Scale: Evaluating Semantic Search for 18th-Century Intellectual History through the Case of Locke

arXiv:2605.09236v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: While digitized corpora have transformed the study of intellectual transmission, current methods rely heavily on lexical text reuse detection, capturi

researcharxiv-cs-ai

MathConstraint: Automated Generation of Verified Combinatorial Reasoning Instances for LLMs

arXiv:2605.08498v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We introduce MathConstraint, a hard, adaptive benchmark for evaluating the combinatorial reasoning capabilities of LLMs. We combine constraint satisfa

MathlibLemma: Folklore Lemma Generation and Benchmark for Formal Mathematics

arXiv:2602.02561v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: While the ecosystem of Lean and Mathlib has enjoyed celebrated success in formal mathematical reasoning with the help of large language models

MATRA: Modeling the Attack Surface of Agentic AI Systems -- OpenClaw Case Study

arXiv:2605.10763v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLMs are increasingly deployed as autonomous agents with access to tools, databases, and external services, yet practitioners (across different sectors)

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Matrix Factorization for Practical Continual Mean Estimation Under User-Level Differential Privacy

arXiv:2601.22320v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We study continual mean estimation, where data vectors arrive sequentially and the goal is to maintain accurate estimates of the running mean. We ad

Max-pooling Network Revisited: Analyzing the Role of Semantic Probability in Multiple Instance Learning for Hallucination Detection

arXiv:2605.08863v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Hallucination detection has become increasingly important for improving the reliability of large language models (LLMs). Recently, hybrid approaches suc

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Local Ai

Mazocarta: A Seeded Procedural Deckbuilder for Instrumented Game Development

arXiv:2605.08319v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Mazocarta is a seeded procedural tactical deckbuilder implemented in Rust, compiled to WebAssembly for browser play, and executable natively for simul

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

MBP-KT: Learning Global Collaborative Information from Meta-Behavioral Pattern for Enhanced Knowledge Tracing

arXiv:2605.08697v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The emerging collaborative information-based knowledge tracing (KT) has been a promising way to enhance modeling of learners' knowledge states. The core

MC-RFM: Geometry-Aware Few-Shot Adaptation via Mixed-Curvature Riemannian Flow Matching

arXiv:2605.08557v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Parameter-efficient adaptation of pretrained vision models is commonly performed through linear probes, prompts, low-rank updates, or lightweight resi

MC^2: Monte Carlo Correction for Fast Elliptic PDE Solving

arXiv:2605.09288v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Partial differential equation (PDE) solvers underpin scientific computing, but real-world deployment is bounded by compute. Classical Monte Carlo solv