Search: “llm”

Stop Comparing LLM Agents Without Disclosing the Harness

arXiv:2605.23950v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This position paper argues that, for long-horizon tasks evaluated across models with comparable frontier capability, the agent execution harness, namely

Towards end-to-end LLM-based censoring-aware survival analysis

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DGX agent

arXiv:2605.25399v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Objective: Survival analysis is central to medical prediction, yet large language models (LLMs) are rarely used as end-to-end survival models because ce

researcharxiv-cs-ai

26 May 2026

Towards Inclusive Toxic Content Moderation: Addressing Vulnerabilities to Adversarial Attacks in Toxicity Classifiers Tackling LLM-generated Content

arXiv:2509.12672v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The volume of machine-generated content online has grown dramatically due to the widespread use of Large Language Models (LLMs), leading to new chal

When Do LLM Agents Treat Surface Noise Differently from Semantic Noise? A 68-Cell Measurement Study with a Held-Out Trace-Level Validation

arXiv:2605.25981v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We document an empirical phenomenon in chain-of-thought and ReAct agents driven by ten large language models from seven architecture families: meaning-b

Who judges the judges? Governance from metrics: a runtime framework for continuous LLM compliance monitoring

arXiv:2605.24737v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Current approaches to AI compliance treat conformity as a binary, audit-time verdict rather than a continuous, measurable property of production syste

WhoSaidIt: Human-LLM Collaborative Annotation for Text-Based Multilingual Speaker-Attribute Classification

arXiv:2605.26070v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Annotating speaker attributes from text is inherently ambiguous, particularly in multilingual settings where demographic and social cues are implicit an

Whose Alignment? Comparing LLM Process Alignment Across Diverse Organizational Decision Contexts

arXiv:2605.25256v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Aligning AI systems with organizational decision-making is typically framed as a single-target problem: make the model behave like the organization. We

Advanced AI Service Provisioning in O-RAN through LLM Engine Integration

arXiv:2605.23809v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) architecture allows AI to be embedded directly into the RAN through modular xApps and rApps, yet creating these

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Asking For An Old Friend: Diagnosing and Mitigating Temporal Failure Modes in LLM-based Statutory Question Answering

arXiv:2605.23497v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models are increasingly used for legal research, yet their fixed training cutoffs and reliance on static parametric knowledge are at odds

BarrierSteer: LLM Safety via Learning Barrier Steering

arXiv:2602.20102v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Despite the strong performance of large language models (LLMs) across diverse tasks, their susceptibility to adversarial attacks and unsafe co

Metacognition as Reward: Reinforcing LLM Reasoning via Knowledge and Regulation Signals

arXiv:2605.23384v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent RL methods have substantially improved the reasoning abilities of LLMs. Existing reward designs mainly follow two paradigms: (1) Reinforcement

researcharxiv-cs-ai

OpenSkillEval: Automatically Auditing the Open Skill Ecosystem for LLM Agents

arXiv:2605.23657v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Skills, i.e., structured workflow instructions distilled for large language models (LLMs), are becoming an increasingly important mechanism for improvin

ReCoVer: Resilient LLM Pre-Training System via Fault-Tolerant Collective and Versatile Workload

arXiv:2605.11215v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Pre-training large language models on massive GPU clusters has made hardware faults routine rather than rare, driving the need for resilient t

SafeHarbor: Hierarchical Memory-Augmented Guardrail for LLM Agent Safety

arXiv:2605.05704v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent advances in foundation models have transformed LLMs from passive conversational systems into autonomous agents capable of reasoning and

SciHorizon-GENE: Benchmarking LLM for Life Sciences Inference from Gene Knowledge to Functional Understanding

arXiv:2601.12805v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have shown growing promise in biomedical research, particularly for knowledge-driven interpretation tasks. Howeve

Applications

Security of LLM-generated Code: A Comparative Analysis

arXiv:2605.23091v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The majority of software developers use or are planning to use Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools in their development processes. Their top reasons in

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Compiling Agentic Workflows into LLM Weights: Near-Frontier Quality at Two Orders of Magnitude Less Cost

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2605.22502v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Agent orchestration frameworks have proliferated, collectively exceeding 290,000 GitHub stars across LangGraph, CrewAI, Google ADK, OpenAI Agents SDK,

23 May 2026

Revisiting Robustness for LLM Safety Alignment via Selective Geometry Control

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2602.07340v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Safety alignment of large language models remains brittle under domain shift and noisy preference supervision. Most existing robust alignment method

23 May 2026

Skill Weaving: Efficient LLM Improvement via Modular Skillpacks

arXiv:2605.22205v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models increasingly require specialization across diverse domains, yet existing approaches struggle to balance multi-domain capacities

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

23 May 2026

Agentic CLEAR: Automating Multi-Level Evaluation of LLM Agents

arXiv:2605.22608v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Agentic systems are becoming more capable: agents define strategies, take actions, and interact with different environments. This autonomy poses serious

AMEL: Accumulated Message Effects on LLM Judgments

arXiv:2605.22714v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models are routinely used as automated evaluators: to review code, moderate content, or score outputs, often with many items passing th

Applications

PrivacyAkinator: Articulating Key Privacy Design Decisions by Answering LLM-Generated Multiple-choice Questions

arXiv:2605.20206v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: NIST's Privacy Risk Assessment Methodology (PRAM) provides a structured framework for privacy experts to assess privacy risks. However, its complexity

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Token-Level LLM Collaboration via FusionRoute

arXiv:2601.05106v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) exhibit strengths across diverse domains. However, achieving strong performance across these domains with a singl

InternBootcamp Technical Report: Boosting LLM Reasoning with Verifiable Task Scaling

arXiv:2508.08636v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized artificial intelligence by enabling complex reasoning capabilities. While recent advancements in re

Iterative LLM-based improvement for French Clinical Interview Transcription and Speaker Diarization

arXiv:2603.00086v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Automatic speech recognition for French medical conversations remains challenging, with word error rates often exceeding 30% in spontaneous clinical

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Listwise Policy Optimization: Group-based RLVR as Target-Projection on the LLM Response Simplex

arXiv:2605.06139v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has become a standard approach for large language models (LLMs) post-training to incentivize r

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Refining and Reusing Annotation Guidelines for LLM Annotation

arXiv:2605.20809v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable performance on zero-shot annotation tasks, they often struggle with the specialized convention

rePIRL: Learn PRM with Inverse RL for LLM Reasoning

arXiv:2602.07832v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Process rewards have been widely used in deep reinforcement learning to improve training efficiency, reduce variance, and prevent reward hacking. In

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

The Illusion of Intervention: Your LLM-Simulated Experiment is an Observational Study

arXiv:2605.20767v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) show potential as simulators of human behavior, offering a scalable way to study responses to interventions. However, becau

A novel YOLO26-MoE optimized by an LLM agent for insulator fault detection considering UAV images

arXiv:2605.19595v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The inspection of electrical power line insulators is essential for ensuring grid reliability and preventing failures caused by damaged or degraded in

A Reproducibility Analysis of PO4ISR: Diagnosing and Mitigating Semantic Drift in LLM-Based Session Recommendation

arXiv:2605.18780v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reasoning-based Large Language Models (LLMs) like PO4ISR have set new benchmarks in session-based recommendation. However, the reproducibility of thei

Agentic Trading: When LLM Agents Meet Financial Markets

arXiv:2605.19337v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A growing body of work explores how Large Language Models (LLMs) can be embedded in trading systems as agents that perceive market information, retrieve

BLINKG: A Benchmark for LLM-Integrated Knowledge Graph Generation

arXiv:2605.19518v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Generating Knowledge Graphs (KGs) remains one of the most time-consuming and labor-intensive tasks for knowledge engineers, as they need to identify sem

Distributional Energy-Based Models for Uncertainty-Aware Structured LLM Reasoning

arXiv:2605.18871v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: When Large Language Models produce structured outputs such as travel plans, code solutions, or multi-step proofs, individual reasoning steps may appea

Library Drift: Diagnosing and Fixing a Silent Failure Mode in Self-Evolving LLM Skill Libraries

arXiv:2605.19576v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Self-evolving skill libraries face a silent failure mode we term library drift: unbounded skill accumulation without outcome-driven lifecycle management

Library Hallucinations in LLM-Generated Code: A Risk Analysis Grounded in Developer Queries

arXiv:2509.22202v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) now play a central role in code generation, yet they continue to hallucinate, frequently inventing non-existent l

Local Ai

STRIDE: Learnable Stepwise Language Feedback for LLM Reasoning

arXiv:2605.18851v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advances in Reinforcement Learning (RL) have underscored its potential for incentivizing reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs).

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

Towards Consistent Detection of Cognitive Distortions: LLM-Based Annotation and Dataset-Agnostic Evaluation

arXiv:2511.01482v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Text-based automated Cognitive Distortion detection is a challenging task due to its subjective nature, with low agreement scores observed even amon

Towards LLM-Assisted Architecture Recovery for Real-World ROS~2 Systems: An Agent-Based Multi-Level Approach to Hierarchical Structural Architecture Reconstruction

arXiv:2605.20055v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Explicit software architecture models are essential artifacts for communicating, analyzing, and evolving complex software-intensive systems. In ROS~2-

Hardware

Towards Multi-Model LLM Schedulers: Empirical Insights into Offloading and Preemption

arXiv:2605.19593v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Modern deployments of Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly require serving multiple models with diverse architectures, sizes, and specialization on

hardwarearxiv-cs-ai

ACE: Self-Evolving LLM Coding Framework via Adversarial Unit Test Generation and Preference Optimization

arXiv:2605.16299v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at code generation but remain heavily reliant on large-scale annotated solutions and verification-based supervision

researcharxiv-cs-ai

Alignment Dynamics in LLM Fine-Tuning

arXiv:2605.18309v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Although Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve strong alignment through supervised fine-tuning and reinforcement learning from human feedback, the alig

Coarse Semantic Injection for LLM-Conditioned Structured Indoor Prediction

arXiv:2605.16832v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have recently been used as structured decoders for indoor understanding from 3D point-token inputs. However, point cloud en

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Compounding Disadvantage: Auditing Intersectional Bias in LLM-Generated Explanations Across Indian and American STEM Education

arXiv:2601.14506v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models are increasingly deployed in STEM education for personalized instruction and feedback across institutions in high- and l

DISA: Offline Importance Sampling for Distribution-Matching LLM-RL

arXiv:2605.17295v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Modern reasoning agents are increasingly evaluated on their ability to generate multiple valid solution paths, plans, or tool-use traces for a given i

Dynamic Generation of Multi-LLM Agents Communication Topologies with Graph Diffusion Models

arXiv:2510.07799v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The efficiency of multi-agent systems driven by large language models (LLMs) largely hinges on their communication topology. However, designin

Enhancing Metacognitive AI: Knowledge-Graph Population with Graph-Theoretic LLM Enrichment

arXiv:2605.16676v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Metacognition-the ability to monitor one's own knowledge state, spot gaps, and autonomously fill them--remains largely absent from modern AI. Here, we p

Gesture First, LLM-Assisted Voice Complement: Exploring Multimodal Robot 'Puppeteer' Teleoperation Via Virtual Counterpart in Augmented Reality

arXiv:2506.13189v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Robot teleoperation via augmented reality (AR) offers a promising path toward more intuitive human-robot interaction (HRI). We present a head-

researcharxiv-cs-ro