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Research on Security Enhancement Methods for Adversarial Robust Large Language Model Intelligent Agents for Medical Decision-Making Tasks

arXiv:2605.08257v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Motivated by the challenge to improve the adversarial robustness, security, and trust of medical decision making intelligent agents, this study develo

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Resource-Aware Evolutionary Neural Architecture Search for Cardiac MRI Segmentation

DGX agent

arXiv:2605.08238v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) segmentation underpins quantitative assessment of ventricular structure and function, yet reliable delineation remain

researcharxiv-cs-ai

12 May 2026

Responsible Benchmarking of Fairness for Automatic Speech Recognition

arXiv:2605.10615v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Many studies have shown automatic speech processing (ASR) systems have unequal performance across speakergroups (SG's). However, the manner in which suc

ReST-KV: Robust KV Cache Eviction with Layer-wise Output Reconstruction and Spatial-Temporal Smoothing

arXiv:2605.08840v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) face growing challenges in efficient generative inference due to the increasing memory demands of Key-Value (KV) caches, es

Restoration-Aligned Generative Flow Models for Blind Motion Deblurring

arXiv:2605.08854v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Generative flow models offer powerful priors learned from large-scale natural images, but directly adapting them to restoration tasks such as motion deb

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Restoring Exploration after Post-Training: Latent Exploration Decoding for Large Reasoning Models

arXiv:2602.01698v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have recently achieved strong mathematical and code reasoning performance through Reinforcement Learning (RL) post-tra

Agents

Results and Retrospective Analysis of the CODS 2025 AssetOpsBench Challenge

arXiv:2605.08518v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Competition retrospectives are useful when they explain what a leaderboard measured, how hidden evaluation changed conclusions, and which design pattern

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Rethinking Agentic Search with Pi-Serini: Is Lexical Retrieval Sufficient?

arXiv:2605.10848v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Does a lexical retriever suffice as large language models (LLMs) become more capable in an agentic loop? This question naturally arises when building

Rethinking Constraint Awareness for Efficient State Embedding of Neural Routing Solver

arXiv:2605.10122v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Heavy-Encoder-Light-Decoder (HELD) neural routing solvers have emerged as a promising paradigm due to their broad applicability across multiple vehicle

Rethinking Entropy Minimization in Test-Time Adaptation for Autoregressive Models

arXiv:2605.08186v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) via entropy minimization (EM) has proven effective for classification tasks, yet its application to generative autoregressi

Rethinking Evaluation of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Lesion Segmentation Models

arXiv:2605.09666v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that can significantly reduce the quality of life of a patient. Existing treatment options can

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Rethinking Event-Based Object Dtection through Representation-Level Temporal Aggregation and Model-Level Hypergraph Reasoning

arXiv:2605.08825v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Event cameras provide microsecond-level temporal resolution, low latency, and high dynamic range, offering potential for perception under fast motion an

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Rethinking Expert Trajectory Utilization in LLM Post-training for Mathematical Reasoning

arXiv:2512.11470v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) and Reinforcement Learning (RL) dominate the post-training landscape for mathematical reasoning, yet differ funda

Rethinking Gating Mechanism in Sparse MoE: Handling Arbitrary Modality Inputs with Confidence-Guided Gate

arXiv:2505.19525v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Effectively managing missing modalities is a fundamental challenge in real-world multimodal learning scenarios, where data incompleteness ofte

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Rethinking Loss Reweighting for Imbalance Learning as an Inverse Problem: A Neural Collapse Point of View

arXiv:2605.10047v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Loss reweighting is a widely used strategy for long-tailed classification, but existing reweighting strategies often rely on heuristics and rarely def

Rethinking Random Transformers as Adaptive Sequence Smoothers for Sleep Staging

arXiv:2605.09905v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Automatic sleep staging commonly adopts Transformers under the assumption that they learn complex long-range dependencies. We challenge this view by r

Rethinking Ratio-Based Trust Regions for Policy Optimization in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2605.09212v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Centralized training with decentralized execution (CTDE) is a standard framework for cooperative multi-agent policy-gradient reinforcement learning, all

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Rethinking RL for LLM Reasoning: It's Sparse Policy Selection, Not Capability Learning

arXiv:2605.06241v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reinforcement learning has become the standard for improving reasoning in large language models, yet evidence increasingly suggests that RL does not

Tutorials

Rethinking the Global Knowledge of CLIP in Training-Free Open-Vocabulary Semantic Segmentation

arXiv:2502.06818v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent works modify CLIP to perform open-vocabulary semantic segmentation in a training-free manner (TF-OVSS). In vanilla CLIP, patch-wise image rep

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

Retrieval Mechanisms Surpass Long-Context Scaling in Time Series Forecasting

arXiv:2605.08217v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Time Series Foundation Models (TSFMs) have borrowed the long context paradigm from natural language processing under the premise that feeding more histo

Retrieve-then-Steer: Online Success Memory for Test-Time Adaptation of Generative VLAs

arXiv:2605.10094v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models show strong potential for general-purpose robotic manipulation, yet their closed-loop reliability often degrades u

Revis: Sparse Latent Steering to Mitigate Object Hallucination in Large Vision-Language Models

arXiv:2602.11824v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Despite the advanced capabilities of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), they frequently suffer from object hallucination. One reason is that visu

Revisiting Mixture Policies in Entropy-Regularized Actor-Critic

arXiv:2605.09157v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Mixture policies theoretically offer greater flexibility than unimodal policies in continuous action reinforcement learning, but the practical benefit

Revisiting Policy Gradients for Restricted Policy Classes: Escaping Myopic Local Optima with k-step Policy Gradients

arXiv:2605.10909v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This work revisits standard policy gradient methods used on restricted policy classes, which are known to get stuck in suboptimal critical points. We id

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Revisiting the syntax of imperatives in Yemeni Arabic: An Agree across phases approach

arXiv:2605.08447v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This article revisits the syntax of imperatives in Yemeni Arabic proposing an Agree acros phases (AAP) approach. I argue that the AAP approach successfu

Revitalizing the Beginning: Avoiding Storage Dependency for Model Merging in Continual Learning

arXiv:2605.08311v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Model merging provides a compelling paradigm for integrating specialized expertise into a unified multi-task model, a goal that aligns naturally with

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Reward Auditor: Inference on Reward Modeling Suitability in Real-World Perturbed Scenarios

arXiv:2512.00920v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reliable reward models (RMs) are critical for ensuring the safe alignment of large language models (LLMs). However, current RM evaluation methods fo

Reward-Conditioned Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2603.05066v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Single-task RL agents are typically trained under a fixed reward function, which limits their robustness to reward misspecification and their abilit

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

RewardHarness: Self-Evolving Agentic Post-Training

arXiv:2605.08703v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Evaluating instruction-guided image edits requires rewards that reflect subtle human preferences, yet current reward models typically depend on large-sc

RigidFormer: Learning Rigid Dynamics using Transformers

arXiv:2605.09196v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Learning-based simulation of multi-object rigid-body dynamics remains difficult because contact is discontinuous and errors compound over long horizon

RIR-Former: Coordinate-Guided Transformer for Continuous Reconstruction of Room Impulse Responses

arXiv:2602.01861v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Room impulse responses (RIRs) are essential for many acoustic signal processing tasks, yet measuring them densely across space is often imprac

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

RL Fine-Tuning Heals OOD Forgetting in SFT

arXiv:2509.12235v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) followed by Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a standard post-training recipe for improving Large Language Models (L

RoboMemArena: A Comprehensive and Challenging Robotic Memory Benchmark

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ro

arXiv:2605.10921v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Memory is a critical component of robotic intelligence, as robots must rely on past observations and actions to accomplish long-horizon tasks in partial

Robust Building Damage Detection in Cross-Disaster Settings Using Domain Adaptation

arXiv:2603.14694v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Rapid structural damage assessment from remote sensing imagery is essential for timely disaster response. Within human-machine systems (HMS) f

Agents

Robust Multi-Agent LLMs under Byzantine Faults

arXiv:2605.09076v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly collaborate over peer-to-peer networks to improve their reliability. However, these same interactions c

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Robust Probabilistic Shielding for Safe Offline Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2605.10293v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In offline reinforcement learning (RL), we learn policies from fixed datasets without environment interaction. The major challenges are to provide gua

Agents

Robust Remote Reinforcement Learning over Unreliable Communication Channels using Homomorphic State Encoding

arXiv:2508.07722v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Traditional Reinforcement Learning (RL) frameworks generally assume that the agent perceives the state of the underlying Markov process instantaneou

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

Robust Server Defense Against Unreliable Clients in One-Shot Fair Collaborative Machine Learning

arXiv:2605.08616v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Collaborative machine learning (CML) enables multiple clients to train a global model jointly in a data-distributed setting. To address data privacy and

Robust Spectral Watermark for Synthetic Tabular Data

arXiv:2511.21600v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The rise of generative AI has enabled the production of high-fidelity synthetic tabular data across fields such as healthcare, finance, and pu

ROM: Real-time Overthinking Mitigation via Streaming Detection and Intervention

arXiv:2603.22016v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) often reach a correct solution before their long Chain-of-Thought trace ends, yet continue with redundant verifi

Root Cause Analysis of Measurement and Mechanistic Anomalies

arXiv:2601.23026v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Root cause analysis of anomalies aims to identify how and why a sample deviates from the normal process. Existing methods primarily focus on telling

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Route Before Retrieve: Activating Latent Routing Abilities of LLMs for RAG vs. Long-Context Selection

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2605.10235v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have expanded the context window to beyond 128K tokens, enabling long-document understanding and multi-s

Route by State, Recover from Trace: STAR with Failure-Aware Markov Routing for Multi-Agent Spatiotemporal Reasoning

arXiv:2605.10057v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Compositional spatiotemporal reasoning often requires a system to invoke multiple heterogeneous specialists, such as geometric, temporal, topological, a

RUBEN: Rule-Based Explanations for Retrieval-Augmented LLM Systems

arXiv:2605.10862v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper demonstrates RUBEN, an interactive tool for discovering minimal rules to explain the outputs of retrieval-augmented large language models (LL

RubiConv -- Efficient Boundary-Respecting Convolutions

arXiv:2605.08451v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Convolutional architectures have emerged as powerful alternatives to Transformers for sequence modeling. The primary advantage is that they offer improv

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

RubricEM: Meta-RL with Rubric-guided Policy Decomposition beyond Verifiable Rewards

arXiv:2605.10899v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Training deep research agents, namely systems that plan, search, evaluate evidence, and synthesize long-form reports, pushes reinforcement learning beyo

RubricRefine: Improving Tool-Use Agent Reliability with Training-Free Pre-Execution Refinement

arXiv:2605.09730v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Iterative self-refinement is a popular inference-time reliability technique, but its effectiveness in code-mode tool use depends heavily on the structur

RuPLaR : Efficient Latent Compression of LLM Reasoning Chains with Rule-Based Priors From Multi-Step to One-Step

arXiv:2605.09346v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The Chain-of-Thought (CoT) paradigm, while enhancing the interpretability of Large Language Models (LLMs), is constrained by the inefficiencies and ex