Search: “llm”

Goal-Conditioned Supervised Learning for LLM Fine-Tuning

arXiv:2605.16345v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models often require fine-tuning to better align their behavior with user intent at deployment. Existing approaches are commonly divide

How Off-Policy Can GRPO Be? Mu-GRPO for Efficient LLM Reinforcement Learning

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DGX agent

arXiv:2605.17570v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has been a key driver of recent progress in reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) for large

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

19 May 2026

HPC-LLM: Practical Domain Adaptation and Retrieval-Augmented Generation for HPC Support

arXiv:2605.16347v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Modern scientific research increasingly depends on High-Performance Computing (HPC) infrastructures, yet many researchers face significant operational b

LinAlg-Bench: A Forensic Benchmark Revealing Structural Failure Modes in LLM Mathematical Reasoning

arXiv:2605.16675v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce LinAlg-Bench, a diagnostic benchmark evaluating 10 frontier large language models on structured linear algebra computation across a strict

Applications

LLM Agents Are the Antidote to Walled Gardens

arXiv:2506.23978v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: While the Internet's core infrastructure was designed to be open and universal, today's application layer is dominated by closed, proprietary

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

Hardware

LogRouter: Adaptive Two-Level LLM Routing for Log Question Answering in Big Data Systems

arXiv:2605.18015v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Production log analytics in self-hosted, resource-constrained environments requires natural-language access to massive log streams without the cost of r

hardwarearxiv-cs-lg

Applications

LSDTs: LLM-Augmented Semantic Digital Twins for Adaptive Knowledge-Intensive Infrastructure Planning

arXiv:2508.06799v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Digital Twins (DTs) offer powerful tools for managing complex infrastructure systems, but their effectiveness is often limited by challenges i

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

PriHA: A RAG-Enhanced LLM Framework for Primary Healthcare Assistant in Hong Kong

arXiv:2604.14215v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: To address the unsustainable rise in public health expenditures, the Hong Kong SAR Government is shifting its strategic focus to primary healt

Proof-Carrying Certificates for LLM Pipelines: A Trust-Boundary Architecture

arXiv:2605.16407v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present a framework for verifying the deterministic structured computations surrounding a large language model rather than the model itself, extend

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

Revisiting the Adam-SGD Gap in LLM Pre-Training: The Role of Large Effective Learning Rates

arXiv:2605.17787v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: It is widely believed that stochastic gradient descent (SGD) performs significantly worse than adaptive optimizers such as Adam in pre-training Large La

Tutorials

Rover: Context-aware Conflict Resolution with LLM

arXiv:2605.17279v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Code merging is a significant challenge, particularly in large-scale projects. Existing solutions, including program analysis and machine learning, sh

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai

Semantics Disentanglement and Composition for Universal Image Coding with Efficiently LLM Reasoning and Generative Diffusion

arXiv:2412.18158v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Learned image compression methods have shown impressive performance but are often highly specialized for either human perception or specific machine

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Step-wise Rubric Rewards for LLM Reasoning

arXiv:2605.17291v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) is widely used to improve reasoning in large language models, but rewards only final-answer correc

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Beyond Sunk Costs: Boosting LLM Pre-training Efficiency via Orthogonal Growth of Mixture-of-Experts

arXiv:2510.08008v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: As the computational demands for pre-training Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to surge, the need for efficient training paradigms becomes crit

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Capability Conditioned Scaffolding for Professional Human LLM Collaboration

arXiv:2605.15404v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model personalization typically adapts outputs to user preferences and style but does not account for differences in user evaluation capa

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Conversations in Space: Structuring Non-Linear LLM Interactions on a Canvas

arXiv:2605.15848v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Conversational interfaces powered by large language models (LLMs) are widely used for ideation and analysis, yet their linear structure limits explora

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Hidden in Memory: Sleeper Memory Poisoning in LLM Agents

arXiv:2605.15338v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models are increasingly augmented with persistent memory, allowing assistants to store user-specific information across sessions for pe

IO-SVD: Input-Output Whitened SVD for Adaptive-Rank LLM Compression

arXiv:2605.15626v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models deliver strong performance across language and reasoning tasks, but their storage and compute costs remain major barriers to deplo

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Margin-Adaptive Confidence Ranking for Reliable LLM Judgement

arXiv:2605.15416v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Jung et al. (2025) introduce a hypothesis testing framework for guaranteeing agreement between large language models (LLMs) and human judgments, relyi

researcharxiv-cs-ai

Optimized Three-Dimensional Photovoltaic Structures with LLM guided Tree Search

arXiv:2605.16191v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present a case study for how AI coding systems can be used to generate novel scientific hypotheses. We combine a generic coding agent (Google's AntiG

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

Prospective multi-pathogen disease forecasting using autonomous LLM-guided tree search

arXiv:2605.16238v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Probabilistic forecasting of infectious diseases is crucial for public health but relies on labor-intensive manual model curation by expert modeling tea

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Representation Without Reward: A JEPA Audit for LLM Fine-Tuning

arXiv:2605.15394v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Joint-embedding predictive architectures (JEPAs) propose that a model should learn more useful abstractions when trained to predict latent representat

Local Ai

Rethinking Predictive Modeling for LLM Routing: When Simple kNN Beats Complex Learned Routers

arXiv:2505.12601v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: As large language models (LLMs) grow in scale and specialization, routing--selecting the best model for a given input--has become essential for effi

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

Rule2DRC: Benchmarking LLM Agents for DRC Script Synthesis with Execution-Guided Test Generation

arXiv:2605.15669v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Manufacturable chip layouts must satisfy thousands of geometry-based design rules, and design rule checking (DRC) enforces them by running executable DR

SemanticOpt: Towards LLM-Based Semantic Black-Box Optimization

arXiv:2510.25404v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Optimizing an experimental system can be extremely challenging when each experiment is expensive, time-consuming, or difficult to perform. Exi

Cattle Trade: A Multi-Agent Benchmark for LLM Bluffing, Bidding, and Bargaining

arXiv:2605.14537v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce extsc{Cattle Trade, a multi-agent benchmark for evaluating large language models (LLMs) as agents in strategic reasoning under imperfect in

Distribution-Aware Algorithm Design with LLM Agents

arXiv:2605.14141v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We study learning when the learned object is executable solver code rather than a predictor. In this setting, correctness is not enough: two solvers may

ExploitBench: A Capability Ladder Benchmark for LLM Cybersecurity Agents

arXiv:2605.14153v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Exploitation is not a binary event. It is a ladder of acquiring progressive capabilities, from executing a single buggy line of code to taking full co

From Text to Voice: A Reproducible and Verifiable Framework for Evaluating Tool Calling LLM Agents

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2605.15104v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Voice agents increasingly require reliable tool use from speech, whereas prominent tool-calling benchmarks remain text-based. We study whether verified

Know When To Fold 'Em: Token-Efficient LLM Synthetic Data Generation via Multi-Stage In-Flight Rejection

arXiv:2605.14062v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While synthetic data generation with large language models (LLMs) is widely used in post-training pipelines, existing approaches typically generate full

Mechanical Enforcement for LLM Governance:Evidence of Governance-Task Decoupling in Financial Decision Systems

arXiv:2605.14744v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models in regulated financial workflows are governed by natural-language policies that the same model interprets, creating a principal-

Optimizing PyTorch Inference with LLM-Based Multi-Agent Systems

arXiv:2511.16964v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Maximizing performance on available GPU hardware is an ongoing challenge for modern AI inference systems. Traditional approaches include writi

Tutorials

Prompt Segmentation and Annotation Optimisation: Controlling LLM Behaviour via Optimised Segment-Level Annotations

arXiv:2605.14561v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Prompt engineering is crucial for effective interaction with generative artificial intelligence systems, yet existing optimisation methods often operate

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai

Reasoning Model Is Superior LLM-Judge, Yet Suffers from Biases

arXiv:2601.03630v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: This paper presents the first systematic comparison investigating whether Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) are superior judges to non-reasoning LLMs. O

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

RxEval: A Prescription-Level Benchmark for Evaluating LLM Medication Recommendation

arXiv:2605.14543v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Inpatient medication recommendation requires clinicians to repeatedly select specific medications, doses, and routes as a patient's condition evolves.

SpeakerLLM: A Speaker-Specialized Audio-LLM for Speaker Understanding and Verification Reasoning

arXiv:2605.15044v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As audio-first agents become increasingly common in physical AI, conversational robots, and screenless wearables, audio large language models (audio-L

The Great Pretender: A Stochasticity Problem in LLM Jailbreak

arXiv:2605.14418v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: 'Oh-Oh, yes, I'm the great pretender. Pretending that I'm doing well. My need is such, I pretend too much...' summarizes the state in the area of jail

An Agentic LLM-Based Framework for Population-Scale Mental Health Screening

arXiv:2605.13046v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Mental health disorders affect millions worldwide, and healthcare systems are increasingly overwhelmed by the volume of clinical data generated from ele

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Tutorials

Correcting Influence: Unboxing LLM Outputs with Orthogonal Latent Spaces

arXiv:2605.12809v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A critical step for reliable large language models (LLMs) use in healthcare is to attribute predictions to their training data, akin to a medical case

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai

Grid-Orch: An LLM-Powered Orchestrator for Distribution Grid Simulation and Analytics

arXiv:2605.12728v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The power distribution engineering workforce faces a projected shortage of up to 1.5 million engineers by 2030, creating urgent demand for more access

Procedural Refinement by LLM-driven Algorithmic Debugging for ARC-AGI-2

arXiv:2603.20334v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: In high-complexity abstract reasoning, a system must infer a latent rule from a few examples or structured observations and apply it to unseen

RealICU: Do LLM Agents Understand Long-Context ICU Data? A Benchmark Beyond Behavior Imitation

arXiv:2605.13542v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Intensive care units (ICU) generate long, dense and evolving streams of clinical information, where physicians must repeatedly reassess patient states u

The Geometry of LLM Quantization: GPTQ as Babai's Nearest Plane Algorithm

arXiv:2507.18553v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Quantizing the weights of large language models (LLMs) from 16-bit to lower bitwidth is the de facto approach to deploy massive transformers onto mo

Characterizing the Robustness of Black-Box LLM Planners Under Perturbed Observations with Adaptive Stress Testing

arXiv:2505.05665v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated success in decision-making tasks including planning, control, and prediction, but thei

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

CTFusion: A CTF-based Benchmark for LLM Agent Evaluation

arXiv:2605.11504v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled agentic systems for complex, multi-step tasks; cybersecurity is emerging as a prominent app

Efficient and Adaptive Human Activity Recognition via LLM Backbones

arXiv:2605.12019v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Human Activity Recognition (HAR) is a core task in pervasive computing systems, where models must operate under strict computational constraints while r

Applications

Efficient LLM-based Advertising via Model Compression and Parallel Verification

arXiv:2605.11582v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable potential in advertising scenarios such as ad creative generation and targeted advertising. However,

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

MedHopQA: A Disease-Centered Multi-Hop Reasoning Benchmark and Evaluation Framework for LLM-Based Biomedical Question Answering

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2605.12361v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Evaluating large language models (LLMs) in the biomedical domain requires benchmarks that can distinguish reasoning from pattern matching and remain dis