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Large Language Models (LLMs) and Generative AI in Cybersecurity and Privacy: A Survey of Dual-Use Risks, AI-Generated Malware, Explainability, and Defensive Strategies

arXiv:2607.06963v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) and generative AI (GenAI) systems, such as ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, LLaMA, Copilot, Stable Diffusion by OpenAI, Anthropic

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ai

9 Jul 2026

Search: “cybersecurity”

MiST: Mid-Training LLMs for Cybersecurity

MITRE-SAGE: A Multi-Agent Cybersecurity Question-Answering Model

Learning-to-Explain through 20Q Gaming: An Explainable Recommender for Cybersecurity Education

Evaluating Context Segmentation in Locally Deployable SLMs for Cybersecurity CTF Tasks

Cybersecurity is the True Frontier for Generative AI Success or Failure

KaliBench: A Fine-Grained Benchmark for Cybersecurity Tool Use on Kali Linux with Runtime-Free Verifiable Rewards

Toward Cybersecurity-Expert Small Language Models

CyberEvolver: Structured Self-Evolution for Cybersecurity Agents On the Fly

Agentic AI for Cybersecurity: A Meta-Cognitive Architecture for Governable Autonomy

Adversarial Defense in Cybersecurity: A Systematic Review of GANs for Threat Detection and Mitigation

Reasoning Topology Matters: A Controlled Study of LLM-Based Cybersecurity Analysis

Same Request, Different Boundary: Evaluating Cybersecurity Assistance across Conversational Contexts

The Next Challenge for Agentic Cybersecurity: A Realistic, Contamination-Free Reverse Engineering Benchmark

CyberAGENTS: Structured Autonomy for Agentic Gamified Learning in Cybersecurity

AI in Cyberpsychology: A systematic literature review of Cybersecurity enhancement by using AI for analyzing psychology of Victims, Attackers, and Defenders

Less Data, More Security: Advancing Cybersecurity LLMs Specialization via Resource-Efficient Domain-Adaptive Continuous Pre-training with Minimal Tokens

LLM agents security duality: a comprehensive survey of self-security and empowered cybersecurity

A Survey of Heterogeneous Graph Neural Networks for Cybersecurity Anomaly Detection

CyberGym-E2E: Scalable Real-World Benchmark for AI Agents' End-to-End Cybersecurity Capabilities

An Organization-Scoped LLM Agent Runtime Architecture for Regulated Cybersecurity Operations

VectraYX-Nano: A 42M-Parameter Spanish Cybersecurity Language Model with Curriculum Learning and Native Tool Use

Strategic commitments shape collective cybersecurity under AI inequality

Neuro-Symbolic AI for Cybersecurity: State of the Art, Challenges, and Opportunities

SentinelSphere: Integrating AI-Powered Real-Time Threat Detection with Cybersecurity Awareness Training

Towards the Development of an LLM-Based Methodology for Automated Security Profiling in Compliance with Ukrainian Cybersecurity Regulations

Structured but Fragile: On the Limits of LLMs in Cybersecurity Decision-Making

Learning to Detect Cyber Attacks: Neural Anomaly Detection for Cybersecurity with Theoretical Insights

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Generative AI in Cybersecurity and Privacy: A Survey of Dual-Use Risks, AI-Generated Malware, Explainability, and Defensive Strategies

Neuro-Bayesian-Symbolic Residual Attention Shallow Network: Explainable Deep Learning for Cybersecurity Risk Assessment

Organizational Adaptation to Generative AI in Cybersecurity

CyberMaskQA: A Privacy-Aware Benchmark for Evaluating Large Language Models in Cybersecurity Question Answering

Are Frontier LLMs Ready for Cybersecurity? Evidence for Vertical Foundation Models from Dual-Mode Vulnerability Benchmarks

Integration of AI in Cybersecurity: Current Trends with a Focused Look at Intrusion Detection Applications

Like a Hammer, It Can Build, It Can Break: Large Language Model Uses, Perceptions, and Adoption in Cybersecurity Operations on Reddit

Efficient Nash Equilibrium Computation for Cybersecurity Games

Benchmark Scores Are Pipeline-Dependent: A Reliability Audit of Cybersecurity LLM Benchmarks

VectraYX-Vision-1B: A Sub-2B Spanish/LATAM Cybersecurity Vision-Language Model with Structured Visual Reasoning and Native Tool Use

Robustness and Cybersecurity in the EU Artificial Intelligence Act

Beyond Gradient-Based Attacks: Adversarial Robustness and Explainability Stability in Cybersecurity Classifiers

Fortress and Gatekeeper: Theorizing Transitive Trust in Third-Party Cybersecurity Risk Governance

SoK: The Pitfalls of Deep Reinforcement Learning for Cybersecurity

CyBOKClaw: Human-in-the-Loop CyBOK Mapping for Cybersecurity Curriculum

A New Framework for Cybersecurity Refusals in AI Agents

CyberCertBench: Evaluating LLMs in Cybersecurity Certification Knowledge

CyTReX: Explainable AI-Based Cybersecurity Threat Reasoning Framework for DER Networks

Self-Verifying Anomaly Detection using Explainable AI for Cybersecurity of DER Networks

Evaluating LLM Generated Detection Rules in Cybersecurity

(EC)2: Event-Centric Explainability for Cybersecurity Through Multi-Agent LLM Investigations