Model Releases
LatentDx: Latent Multi-Agent Communication for Cross-Hospital Rare-Disease Diagnosis
arXiv:2606.13945v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Rare diseases affect over 300 million patients across more than 7{,}000 conditions, yet no single hospital encounters enough cases of any one condit
arXiv:2606.13945v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Rare diseases affect over 300 million patients across more than 7{,}000 conditions, yet no single hospital encounters enough cases of any one condition for reliable diagnosis. Cross-hospital collaboration could help by allowing a diagnosing institution to use distributed, case-specific diagnostic evidence, but privacy regulations restrict the transmission of identifiable clinical text across institutional boundaries. This setting raises two challenges: existing medical agent systems often rely on textual evidence exchange, while raw latent states such as hidden states and KV caches may still reveal prompt-derived clinical content. We introduce LatentDx, a latent multi-agent communication framework in which hospital agents keep private clinical records and retrieved cases local, and send compact latent KV blocks to a host agent for rare-disease diagnosis. LatentDx supports two deployment settings: same-backbone hospital agents use latent KV distillation, while hospitals with different LLM backbones use cross-family latent alignment. On CrossRare-Bench, a self-built large-scale rare-disease benchmark with hospital-level partitions, LatentDx improves cross-hospital diagnostic performance while reducing reconstructable clinical content relative to raw-latent communication baselines.
Related
- The Vision Wormhole: Latent-Space Communication in Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Systems
- BOUNDARY_SYNC: Measuring Communication-Induced Representational Coupling in Multi-Agent LLM Systems
- Rare Diseases, Common Dilemmas: LLMs Prioritize Equal Resource Distribution over Patient Benefit in Decision-Making
Source: arXiv cs.CL | 2026-09-10