R2CC: Reliable and Resilient Collective Communication for Distributed Learning

arXiv:2512.25059v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Modern ML training and inference now span hundreds to tens of thousands of GPUs, where failures can waste 10-15% of GPU hours due to slow recovery. Common network errors and link fluctuations can cause up to 50% of job interruptions, triggering timeouts that often terminate entire jobs, forcing expensive checkpoint rollback during training and request reprocessing during inference. We present R2CC, a fault-tolerant communication library that provides lossless, low-overhead failover by exploiting multi-NIC hardware. R2CC performs rapid connection migration, bandwidth-aware load redistribution, and resilient collective algorithms to maintain progress under failures. We evaluate R2CC on four 8-GPU H100 InfiniBand servers and via large-scale ML simulators modeling up to 1024 GPUs with diverse failure patterns. Experiments show that R2CC is highly robust to inter-node network failures, incurring less than 1.1% training and 3% inference overhead under active failure scenarios. Compared to existing fault-tolerant approaches, R2CC reduces failure-induced overhead by up to 92% for training and 98% for inference. R2CC is open-sourced at https://github.com/r2cc-project/R2CC.

Source: arXiv cs.LG | 2026-10-28