Self-Localizing MIMO Beam Mapping for Intelligent Open RAN with Continuously Evolving Channel Memory

arXiv:2511.17007v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Open and intelligent radio access networks (RANs) envisioned for 6G require accurate and reusable wireless channel knowledge for intelligent inference and control. However, full-dimensional channel state information (CSI) and accurate location labels are difficult to acquire and maintain across open and multi-vendor deployments. This paper develops a self-localizing multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) beam map framework that constructs a hierarchical wireless memory from highly sparse CSI measurements without explicit location labels. To reduce acquisition and processing overhead, we use beam-domain received signal strength (RSS) as compact inputs and theoretically show that they enable asymptotically unbiased spatial signature estimation. A dual-scale extractor captures intra-snapshot angular dependencies and inter-sample correlations for incomplete observations, and a hybrid temporal encoder is designed to consolidate recent CSI into stable short-term context for physical anchor inference. The inferred anchors spatially index a physically structured radio map embedding that stores long-term channel knowledge, which conditions a diffusion decoder for location-consistent full CSI reconstruction. Such a radio map embedding provides a persistent wireless knowledge representation that can be continuously updated and reused by intelligent RAN functions without repeated full CSI acquisition. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed framework improves physical-anchor recovery accuracy by over 30% under sparse measurements and achieves more than 20% channel-capacity gain in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) beam tracking over Kalman-filter-based baselines.

Source: arXiv cs.LG | 2026-08-14