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Can Neural Networks Learn by Experimenting on Themselves? Self-Interventional Learning from Functional Consequences to Predictive Self-Knowledge

arXiv:2608.14894v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Machine-learning systems usually model external data, while their internal functional organization is analyzed by external observers. This work introduc

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CAPO: Constraint-Aware Prompt Optimization for LLM Agents

DGX agent

arXiv:2608.16068v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as agents that rely on system prompts to use tools and complete tasks. Such deployments impose

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

18 Aug 2026

Characterizing Rhetorical Misalignment in Decision-Making with Language Models

arXiv:2608.14630v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Human decision-making is often shaped by a range of well-documented cognitive biases. As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated i

ChatGPT is getting a dedicated mode for teens

OpenAI is introducing a dedicated ChatGPT mode for teenagers, combining existing youth safeguards and new safety features under one roof. The launch comes amid mounting public scrutiny over how AI too

safetythe-verge-ai

Closing the Affective Loop: Multimodal Speaker-Listener Emotion-Dynamics-Aware Empathetic Social Robots

arXiv:2608.16686v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Empathetic social robots should respond not only to what users say, but also to how their emotions dynamically evolve during interaction. However, exi

Co-design of Neural and Muscle Network based on Embodied Perceptron Representation

arXiv:2608.16555v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advances in AI technologies have enabled the advanced design of complex control policies. In contrast, focusing on the body, many robots still em

Command-Space Counterfactual Explanations for Pareto-Conditioned Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2608.14963v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Pareto Conditioned Networks learn multiple multi-objective reinforcement learning behaviours by conditioning a single policy on a desired return comma

Computational KJ-Ho: An Analyst-Bias-Free Insight Extraction Framework from Large-Scale Qualitative Data Using Domain-Specialized LLMs

arXiv:2608.16467v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The qualitative research methodologies that underpin consumer-insight generation - the KJ method, Grounded Theory, and Thematic Analysis - share a str

ConfRetro: a 3D-aware template-free method for enhancing retrosynthesis via molecular conformer information

arXiv:2501.12434v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Motivation: Retrosynthesis plays a crucial role in organic synthesis and drug discovery, focusing on identifying a set of reactants capable of

Contraction-Aware Reinforcement Learning for Nonlinear Control with Statistical Robustness

arXiv:2506.15700v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Control contraction metrics (CCMs)-defined by Riemannian metrics under which a closed-loop system is incrementally exponentially stable-offer

Counterfactual Sensitivity Is Not Repairability: Auditing Replay Probes for Video Evidence

arXiv:2608.15685v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Tool-using video agents retrieve visual evidence before answering, but the final answer is not forced to depend on what was retrieved. The natural black

Counting Documents Is Not Counting Text: Unit Bias in Web-PDF Corpus Statistics

arXiv:2608.16390v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: PDF corpora advertise their size in tokens but compute every rate they publish (coverage, OCR routing, re-fetch recovery, language mix) per document,

CoupVisor: Strategy Optimization by Round and Challenge Decision Support

arXiv:2608.15868v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper presents CoupVisor, a decision-support system for the hidden-information card game Coup. It addresses two questions: what a player should do

Coverage-Maximizing Multinomial Subset Routing under Operational Constraints

arXiv:2608.16375v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We introduce Multinomial Subset Routing (MSR), a new online routing framework over K experts in which the learner keeps a multinomial routing policy i

Credit Fairness: Online Fairness In Shared Resource Pools

arXiv:2601.17944v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We study repeated allocation of shared resources among agents with time-varying demands and capped linear utilities. In this setting, independ

Cross-Domain Industrial Fault Detection by Causal Mechanism Monitoring

arXiv:2608.14666v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Unsupervised fault detection in industrial systems is dominated by reconstruction based methods that monitor individual sensor marginal distributions. T

Cross-Modal Ultrasound-MRI Learning for Fetal Brain Ventricular Volumetry and Abnormality Screening

arXiv:2608.14763v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Assessment of ventriculomegaly (VM) on fetal brain ultrasound relies primarily on measuring lateral ventricular atrial width on standard planes, which

Cross-Sign Language Transfer Learning Using Domain Adaptation with Multi-scale Temporal Alignment

arXiv:2608.16804v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Sign language serves as a vital means of communication for individuals with hearing impairments, yet recognition resources for the over 100 distinct sig

CUBICS: Situation-aware performance estimation for safety-relevant ML components

arXiv:2608.16564v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Machine learning (ML) is a key technology driving innovation today, but ensuring ML safety remains a major challenge for safety-related applications. A

Cyclops: LiDAR as a Camera That Dreams in Color

arXiv:2608.16264v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Conventionally, robotic perception relies heavily on cameras due to the rich semantic texture they provide. However, their performance degrades signific

D^{2}R^{2}: Discrete Diffusion with Regulation Reinforcement for Single-Cell Perturbation Prediction

arXiv:2608.15288v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Predicting single-cell transcriptomic responses to genetic perturbations is central to functional genomics and virtual-cell modeling. Existing approache

Deep Thought Alignment: Trajectory-Level Latent Distillation for Video Reasoning

arXiv:2608.16316v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) for video reasoning have long been hindered by the high computational cost of processing vast amounts of visual informa

Dense Expands, Sparse Anchors: Channel-Asymmetric Query Expansion for Hybrid Retrieval

arXiv:2608.15851v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: LLM-based query expansion improves retrieval by generating document-like passages. In hybrid retrieval, however, most evaluations fuse fixed top-L den

Density-Reweighted Entropic Optimal Transport: Decoupling Geometry from Sampling Density

arXiv:2608.16506v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Dataset alignment is a central step in data analysis across science and engineering, where the goal is to match observations between datasets. Entropi

Discovering High-Quality Chess Puzzles with Offline Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2608.14851v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Learning and skill mastery require extensive and deliberate practice. In many learning settings, producing high-quality pedagogical materials can requir

DR.GAP: Mitigating Bias in Large Language Models using Gender-Aware Prompting with Decoupled Reasoning

arXiv:2502.11603v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit strong natural language understanding capabilities but also inherit and amplify societal biases, particul

Dynamic Pricing and Advertising with Demand Learning

arXiv:2304.14385v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We consider a novel pricing and advertising framework in which a seller not only sets the product price but also designs flexible advertising

DYNASHIELD: A Black-Box Moving Target Defense for LLMs via Dynamic Decoding Customization

arXiv:2412.07672v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks in which adversarial prompts induce harmful outputs. Existing defenses oft

EchoMask: Speech-Queried Attention-based Mask Modeling for Holistic Co-Speech Motion Generation

arXiv:2504.09209v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Masked modeling has shown promise in co-speech gesture generation. However, it struggles to identify semantically significant frames for effec

Eigenanalysis framework for autoregressive neural emulators of multi-scale chaotic dynamics

arXiv:2608.16084v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Neural autoregressive models have rapidly emerged as powerful emulators of high-dimensional chaotic systems, yet their long-term instability and error g

Embodied Robot Manipulation in the Era of Foundation Models: Planning and Learning Perspectives

arXiv:2512.22983v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent advances in vision, language, and multimodal learning have significantly accelerated progress in robotic foundation models, with robotic mani

Emergent Misaligned Communication in Long-Horizon Multi-Agent LLM Commerce

arXiv:2608.14825v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Frontier LLM agents increasingly transact on behalf of separate principals, often using natural language rather than structured APIs. Much of the safe

ETHOS: Towards a Modular Ethics Framework for Clinical Multi-Agent Systems

arXiv:2608.15424v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The rapid adoption of large language models has enabled the development of clinical multi-agent systems (MAS) capable of integrating multimodal patien

Every Coin Has Two Sides: On the Dual Nature of Generalization in On-Policy Distillation of Large Language Models

arXiv:2608.16647v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: On-policy distillation (OPD) transfers teacher capabilities by supervising trajectories sampled from the student's own policy, yet its generalization be

Exposing the Long-tail in Embodied Urban Navigation via Scalable Learning from In-the-Wild Videos

arXiv:2608.16476v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Learning embodied urban navigation policies from real-world data is constrained by the cost of task-specific data collection and the limited coverage of

Extend the Safety Horizon for Intelligent Transportation Systems through Semantic-Aware Cooperative Perception

arXiv:2608.14603v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Cooperative perception enables vehicles and infrastructure to exchange sensor data via Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication, extending sensing co

FedADB: Class Anchor-Driven Dual-Branch Federated Learning for Mitigating Forgetting

arXiv:2608.15310v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multimodal data collected by heterogeneous devices are used for collaborative training, where federated learning (FL) serves as a key paradigm for eff

FMReward: Aligning and Evaluating Audio-Driven 3D Facial Animation with Human Preferences

arXiv:2608.15296v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Audio-driven 3D facial animation is essential for advancing immersion and interactivity in virtual experiences. Although recent advances have shown prom

Free-Flow Class-Incremental Learning: Towards Robust CIL under Variable Class Arrivals

arXiv:2604.02765v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Class-incremental learning (CIL) is commonly evaluated under predefined schedules with fixed or nearly equal class increments, leaving irregular cla

From Positionwise Confidence to Prefix Scheduling: Verifier Skipping in Speculative Decoding

arXiv:2608.14787v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Speculative decoding is a leading technique to reduce the cost of autoregressive generation by using a small drafter to propose several tokens, which

From 'What-If' to 'What-Is': Counterfactual Thinking-Inspired Semantic Alignment for Visual Brain Decoding

arXiv:2608.15163v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Visual brain decoding reconstructs visual content perceived by a person from neural measurements such as fMRI, providing a computational approach to stu

Fully distributed and resilient source seeking for robot swarms

arXiv:2410.15921v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Existing source-seeking algorithms for robot swarms typically require either direct gradient measurements or rigid geometric formations, limiting th

FusionBERT: Multi-View Image--3D Retrieval via Cross-Attention Visual Fusion and Normal-Aware 3D Encoder

arXiv:2604.02583v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We propose FusionBERT, a novel multi-view visual fusion framework for image--3D multimodal retrieval. Existing image--3D representation learning met

Generative Model Unlearning: A Survey through Target Events, Unlearning Operators, and Evaluation Protocols

arXiv:2507.19894v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: With the rapid advancement of generative models, privacy, copyright, safety, and reliability risks have attracted growing attention. To mitigate the

GenRouter: Unified Workflow Routing for Agentic Image Generation

arXiv:2608.16721v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The rapid evolution of text-to-image (T2I) generation models has effectively solved the foundational challenge of raw pixel synthesis, shifting the comm

Geometric Self-Supervised Pre-training for Neural Combinatorial Optimization

arXiv:2608.00270v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Neural Combinatorial Optimization (NCO) techniques have emerged as a highly efficient alternative to traditional exact algorithms for solving routin

Geometry Is Not Robustness: A Trajectory-Level Study of PGD Evaluation

arXiv:2608.14594v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Projected Gradient Descent (PGD) is widely used to evaluate adversarial robustness, typically via final adversarial accuracy, which does not capture mod

Global Simulation-Guided Dynamic Operator Scheduling for Efficient Multi-Tenant Model Serving

arXiv:2608.15762v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Container-granularity scheduling leaves abundant short-lived idle slices within containers unexploited. Reallocating containers is too heavyweight to