Search: “inference”

Compression Beyond the Uncompressed: A Two-Stage Training Recipe for Soft Context Compression in RAG

arXiv:2609.05152v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances language models with external knowledge, but the lengthy retrieved context inflates the input and degrades

researcharxiv-cs-cl

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Tutorials

DART: Depth-as-Target Pretraining for Surgical Vision Foundation Models

DGX agent

arXiv:2609.04555v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision foundation models (VFMs) are valuable in data-scarce domains such as surgery, where a single pretrained backbone can provide rich representations

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cv

7 Sept 2026

Diffusion Language Models for Mobile Edge Agentic AI: Foundations, Applications, and Challenges

arXiv:2609.04778v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Diffusion language models (DLMs) offer a non-autoregressive alternative for mobile edge agentic artificial intelligence (AI) by refining tokens through

Distill Globally, Adapt Locally: Reasoning Distillation and Product-Type Test-Time Training for Scalable Trade-Up Recommendation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2609.05363v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Trade-up recommendation identifies higher-quality alternatives that preserve a customer's purchase intent while offering upgraded benefits. Large langua

DODR: Deterministic Operator-Driven Reasoning in Latent Space

arXiv:2609.04782v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Autoregressive (AR) large language models formulate reasoning as token-level probabilistic sampling, which induces three fundamental defects in complex

La Agente Optima: Towards Agentic Self-Driving Laboratories

arXiv:2609.04564v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Self-driving laboratories (SDLs) combine automated experimentation with adaptive decision-making to accelerate scientific discovery. Their operation nev

Partial Inverse Design of High-Performance Concrete Using Cooperative Neural Networks for Constraint-Aware Mix Generation

arXiv:2512.06813v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: High-performance concrete (HPC) requires complex mix design decisions involving interdependent variables and practical constraints. While data

Proton Irradiation Characterization of an Open-Source ML Accelerator on a Zynq UltraScale+ MPSoC

arXiv:2609.05249v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As spaceborne computing systems increasingly rely on neural network (NN) accelerators, the opacity of commercial, black-box architectures severely res

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Reducing Hallucinated Transcripts in Whisper via Hallucination Space Projection

arXiv:2609.04561v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Whisper is a widely used foundation model for automatic speech recognition (ASR), but its generative decoder can produce fluent hallucinated transcripts

SharedSAE: One Feature Dictionary Across Language Models

arXiv:2609.04344v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) are widely used to interpret language model activations, but SAE training and latent labelling are typically repeated for e

researcharxiv-cs-cl

SocioGesture: Real-Time and Adaptive Social Gesture Perception for Human-Robot Interaction

arXiv:2609.04545v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Robots interacting with people must recognize not only explicit commands, but also social cues such as invitations, refusals, and unavailability. In r

researcharxiv-cs-cv

SoK: AI-Augmented Binary Reversing

arXiv:2606.17398v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Binary reversing is fundamental to software understanding, vulnerability discovery, malware investigation, and firmware auditing. However, it

Sustainable Edge Vision via Empirically Calibrated DVFS: Eliminating Thermal Throttling on Passively Cooled Hardware

arXiv:2609.04705v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Passive cooling eliminates the energy overhead and mechanical failure modes of fans, making it attractive for edge deployment, yet sustained Deep Neur

researcharxiv-cs-cv

The Struggle Between Continuation and Refusal: A Mechanistic Analysis of the Continuation-Triggered Jailbreak in LLMs

arXiv:2603.08234v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: With the rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs), the safety of LLMs has become a critical concern. Despite significant efforts in safety

Tutorials

TSMini: A Simple Yet Highly Effective Trajectory Similarity Learning Model

arXiv:2502.00285v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Trajectory similarity is fundamental to many spatio-temporal data mining applications. Recent studies propose deep learning models to approxim

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cv

Applications

Beyond Small Patches: Black-Box Detection and Purification of Diverse Backdoor Triggers

arXiv:2609.03139v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Deep neural networks (DNNs) are increasingly deployed in real-world vision systems, yet their predictions can be covertly manipulated by backdoor attack

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv

Clean Engineering, Unstable Measurement: A Preregistered Reliability Failure of Black-Box LLM Observers on Shared Endpoints

arXiv:2609.04198v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Language-model judges now gate training data, score generations, and drive leaderboards. The judge is then a measurement instrument, resting on one rare

Counterfactual Routing Using Integer Programming with Constraint Generation

arXiv:2609.03707v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present our submission to the IJCAI 2025 'Counterfactual Routing Competition' (CRC 25). The goal of the competition is to find counterfactual explana

CROCODIL: Cross-Model Code Editing with LLMs

arXiv:2609.03894v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have become ubiquitous tools for code generation and editing. However, development teams often use multiple LLM assistants.

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Do GUI Agents Know When Not to Act? Enabling Conflict-Aware Termination for Multimodal GUI Agents

arXiv:2609.03438v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Graphical user interface (GUI) agents are increasingly used to execute natural-language instructions on user interfaces, yet real users may issue infeas

Extracting Forgotten Prompts from Targeted Unlearned Models

arXiv:2609.03662v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent unlearning methods (e.g. NPO, DPO, LUNAR) make use of refusal alignment to suppress forgotten data. However, it has been shown that refusal respo

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Federated Causal Discovery via Regression-Directed Cumulants

arXiv:2609.03705v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In this paper we study linear non-Gaussian acyclic models (LiNGAM) when used in federated environments. These causal models allow one to go beyond Marko

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Generative Nested Sampling of Atomistic Thermodynamic Landscapes

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2609.03193v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Nested sampling (NS) resolves the thermodynamics of an atomistic system from a single simulation, but its practical reach is limited by the Markov-cha

Grammar-Aligned Decoding

arXiv:2405.21047v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle with reliably generating highly structured outputs, such as program code, mathematical formulas, or well-forme

Introducing SINFONIA: Symplectic, slimplectic and Magnusian (Neural) Flows for Orbital Numerical Integration and Acceleration

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2609.03329v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Long-duration gravitational-wave modelling must resolve fast orbital motion together with slow dissipative evolution while preventing small numerical

Medical Reasoning in the Era of LLMs: A Systematic Review of Enhancement Techniques and Applications

arXiv:2508.00669v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) in medicine has enabled impressive capabilities, yet a critical gap remains in their ability

Hardware

Mesh-Native Physics-Informed Graph Surrogates for TCAD-in-the-Loop Design Space Exploration

arXiv:2609.02988v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: High-fidelity TCAD simulation of drift-diffusion transport remains the workhorse of emerging FinFET device design, but it is computationally expensive,

hardwarearxiv-cs-lg

Privacy, Robustness, and Fairness Trade-offs in Federated Intrusion Detection: Geometric Indistinguishability at the Aggregation Interface

arXiv:2609.03420v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Federated learning enables privacy-conscious collaboration for network intrusion detection without centralizing sensitive traffic data, yet its deploy

Local Ai

RATL: Learning from Retrieved Residuals for Robust Multivariate Time-Series Forecasting

arXiv:2609.03937v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) complements parametric models with retrieved external evidence. The same idea is attractive for continuous-output

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Sensing Which Modality Matters: Evidence-Gated Regularization for Robust VLA Policies

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2609.03142v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision-Language-Action (VLA) policies fuse multimodal sensory inputs, but training on limited and homogeneous robot demonstrations encourages spurious

Spruce: Scalable Private Outsourced Retrieval Using Compact Embeddings

arXiv:2609.03376v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has made dense retrieval over large document collections a standard building block. Organizations increasingly ou

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Symmetries and Causality: Causal Effect Identification Beyond IID Data

arXiv:2609.03697v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In the natural sciences, symmetries and cause-effect relationships are ubiquitous. Yet for complex machine-learning tasks, like world-modeling in rein

Synthetic Semantic Supervision for Contrastive Code Representation Learning in Small Transformers: An Empirical Study

arXiv:2609.03702v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: General-purpose code embeddings power tools for code search, classification, and retrieval. Compact transformer encoders for code typically rely on eith

Local Ai

Tail-Likelihood Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2609.02987v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning typically optimizes average reward. For generative policies, the average can hide an important distinction: two policies can achi

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

Text2Thermal: Physics-Aware Thermal Image Synthesis from Textual Priors

arXiv:2609.03585v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Thermal infrared imaging offers reliable perception in darkness and adverse weather, but thermal datasets remain scarce, motivating extensive work on tr

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Tutorials

TokenMatch: 3D Mesh Correspondence Transformer with Curvature-Guided Tokenisation

arXiv:2609.04202v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While data-driven 3D shape correspondence estimation has recently seen substantial progress, robust matching under partial observations and strong non-i

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cv

When Depth Hurts: Reliability-Aware Geometry Distillation for Depth-Free RGB-D Salient Object Detection

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2609.03378v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Depth can resolve appearance ambiguity in RGB-D salient object detection (SOD), yet sensor depth is not uniformly reliable. Missing regions, blurred bou

Accurate in space, unreliable in time: how LLMs represent national cultural change

arXiv:2609.01902v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Assessments of cultural alignment have become an important part of the development and improvement of large language models (LLMs). However, the major

Action abstractions for amortized sampling

arXiv:2410.15184v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: As trajectories sampled by policies used by reinforcement learning (RL) and generative flow networks (GFlowNets) grow longer, credit assignmen

ASCII Attack: Recontextualising Harmful Requests as Artistic Critique in Large Language Models

arXiv:2609.02215v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Safety alignment trains large language models to refuse harmful requests stated plainly, but that training is applied mostly to surface form. Requests t

Candidate Generation and Definition-Guided Verification for Sentence-Level Depression Symptom Recognition

arXiv:2609.01833v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Sentence-level recognition of depression symptoms is challenging because similar expressions can differ in symptom relevance, and language-model inferen

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

CHASE: Cache-Hole-Adapted Skip Exit for Looped State-Space Language Models

arXiv:2607.10110v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent work on looped language models suggests that many reasoning problems benefit from greater computational depth rather than from additional ind

CHIME: Credit-Aware Hierarchical Memory Evolution for Long-Horizon Agentic Planning

arXiv:2609.02074v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Planning is a central capability that enables agents to decompose complex long-horizon tasks into manageable steps. Test-time search and training-based

ClaimReceipt: Verifying Evidence Sufficiency and Coverage in Agent Evaluations

arXiv:2609.01992v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Agent evaluations face two distinct evidentiary questions: whether a reported claim is recomputable from retained evidence (sufficiency), and whether th

Codebook Agent: Amortized Topology Design for LLM Multi-Agent Systems

arXiv:2609.02264v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Adapting the communication topology of an LLM multi-agent system to each query improves both accuracy and efficiency, yet current designers treat this a

Local Ai

Coverage, Not Targeting: A Structural Regime in Multi-Turn Agent Credit Assignment

arXiv:2609.02417v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multi-turn agentic RL increasingly treats credit assignment as a targeting problem: given a terminal verifiable reward, per-turn methods localize cred

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

DESA-TTA: Dynamic EMA and Source Anchoring for Test-Time Adaptation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2609.01795v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-language object detectors (VLODs) achieve strong zero-shot performance but remain vulnerable to distribution shifts during deployment. Mean-teach

Dutch Books for Language Models

arXiv:2609.02797v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: People increasingly use language models to support life decisions. Many such decisions involve a probabilistic forecast: How likely is a major life ev