Search: “llm”

MOSCOPT: Mixture-of-Skills Collective Optimization for LLM Agents

arXiv:2609.14399v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Natural language prompts and skills serve as the strategic backbone of LLM-based agents. Recent advances in prompt and skill optimization have achieved

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Pull: Lazy Materialization of Working Memory for Stateful LLM Conversations

DGX agent

arXiv:2609.14773v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As LLM conversations grow to hundreds of turns, full-context injection incurs O(N^2) cumulative token costs, while lossy summarization or hard truncatio

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

15 Sept 2026

TATK: Triple-Aware Top-K Learning with Knowledge-Grounded Verification for LLM-based Sequential Recommendation

arXiv:2609.14565v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM-based sequential recommenders usually cast next-item prediction as text generation, but this interface is poorly matched to full-catalog top-K ranki

Toward Self-Adaptive Physical AI: Can LLM Agents Manage Long-Horizon Physical Tasks?

arXiv:2609.13436v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Model (LLM) agents offer a promising path toward autonomously managing long-term physical tasks without human intervention. However, phys

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

When Agents Slow Down: Understanding LLM Agents' Test-Time Strategies via Elo-per-token Analysis

arXiv:2609.15309v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model (LLM) agents allocate test-time compute adaptively as they revise solutions, use tools, explore alternatives, and decide when to st

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

RouteRepair: Instance-Level Failure Diagnosis and Targeted Repair in LLM-Based Automated Heuristic Design for Routing Optimization

arXiv:2609.11452v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Efficient routing optimization is essential to freight transportation, urban logistics, and shared mobility, where high-quality heuristics are often req

12 Sept 2026

Hardware

Composable CXL Memory as a Kubernetes-Native Shared Memory for LLM Serving

arXiv:2609.10790v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present a Kubernetes Dynamic Resource Allocation (DRA) driver that makes composable CXL memory a schedulable cluster resource, and evaluate the res

hardwarearxiv-cs-lg

11 Sept 2026

DriftNet: A Dual-Head Trajectory Transformer for Detecting and Localizing Prompt Injection in LLM Agents

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2609.10892v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: When an indirect prompt injection succeeds against an LLM agent, the compromise is visible in the agent's own behavior: a benign prefix of tool calls,

11 Sept 2026

ACEA: An Adversarial Co-Evolution Arena for Head-to-Head Red-Team and Blue-Team LLM Testing

arXiv:2609.08256v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Automated red-team attacks and blue-team defenses for large language models (LLMs) are advancing quickly. However, attackers and defenders are built a

AgentFairBench: Do LLM Agents Discriminate When They Act?

arXiv:2606.16723v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly take actions (screening applicants, recommending credit, triaging patients), yet fairness for LLMs is

Benchmark Scores Are Pipeline-Dependent: A Reliability Audit of Cybersecurity LLM Benchmarks

arXiv:2609.08765v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language model (LLM) benchmarks are often treated as fixed datasets with stable scores, yet their outcomes depend on configurable evaluation pip

BIO-MEMART: Biometric-Aware KV Cache Memory for Multi-User LLM Agents

arXiv:2609.08566v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: KV cache is evolving from a serving optimization into an external memory substrate for long-term LLM agents. In a shared multi-user deployment, however,

Reduce LLM latency with prefix-aware routing on Amazon SageMaker Inference

model-releasesaws-ml-blog

Amazon SageMaker Inference now offers prefix-aware routing, a routing strategy that sends requests sharing the same prompt prefix to the same instance so the KV cache stays warm. In benchmarks on Llam

When Does Memory Help? A Cost-Aware Evaluation of Long-Term Memory in Tool-Using LLM Agents

arXiv:2609.05441v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Long-term memory for LLM agents is evaluated today by conversational recall benchmarks (LoCoMo, LongMemEval), which measure question answering over dial

Great paper on designing multi-agent systems. How many distinct communication topologies does an LLM multi-agent system actually need? This …

Great paper on designing multi-agent systems. How many distinct communication topologies does an LLM multi-agent system actually need? This works claims that it's about six. Technical summary: Researc

agentsdair-ai--x

4 Sept 2026

GrowPage: On-Demand KV Budgeting for Efficient LLM Reasoning Serving

arXiv:2609.03494v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Long-output reasoning has made the key--value (KV) cache a critical memory bottleneck for efficient LLM serving. Existing KV compression methods usually

4 Sept 2026

TIGPO: Temporal Instance-Graph Policy Optimization for Long-Horizon LLM Agents

arXiv:2609.03383v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Graph-based policy optimization improves credit assignment for long-horizon LLM agents by organizing rollout trajectories into state-transition graphs.

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

4 Sept 2026

Beyond Dialogue Time: Temporal Semantic Memory for Personalized LLM Agents

arXiv:2601.07468v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Memory enables Large Language Model (LLM) agents to perceive, store, and use information from past dialogues, which is essential for personalization

Beyond Outcome Gaps: Process-Aware Fairness Diagnosis for LLM-based Multi-Agent Decision Systems

arXiv:2609.02092v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM-based multi-agent systems (MAS) are increasingly considered for high-stakes decision-making, yet outcome-based fairness audits can miss where risks

How Fast Do Agents Rot? An Empirical Study of Long-Horizon Degradation in LLM Agents for Production Decision-Making

arXiv:2609.01660v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Production deployments of large language model (LLM) agents remain unreliable on long, multi-step workflows even as benchmark success rates climb stea

LLM Watermarking as Big Data Provenance: A Deployment-Oriented Systematization

arXiv:2607.10103v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: As large language models (LLMs) become widely deployed, their outputs can be copied, transformed, and redistributed at scale without reliable

Investigating Assistant Bias in LLM User Simulators Using a Role Vector

arXiv:2609.00608v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM-based user simulators are increasingly used to evaluate autonomous agents at scale, in place of costly human evaluations. Despite this promise, thes

LEAP: Likelihood Elicitation and Aggregation for LLM-based Probabilistic Forecasting

arXiv:2609.01337v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM-based forecasting systems have improved on real-world tasks such as financial markets and sports outcomes, largely through stronger search and tool

Post-hoc Alignment of LLM-judges to Human Judgment Distribution

arXiv:2609.01073v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The LLM-as-a-judge (LLMaJ) framework offers a cost-effective and reproducible solution for automatic evaluation. However, current evaluation practices t

Reinforcement Learning Enhanced LLM Agents for Complex Vehicle Routing Problems

arXiv:2609.00859v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vehicle Routing Problems (VRPs) are fundamental combinatorial optimization problems with widespread applications in various scenarios. The advanced opti

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Local Ai

Spawn Freely, Act Sparingly: Progressive Risk Vesting for Recursive LLM-Agent Trees

arXiv:2609.01035v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recursive LLM agents can broaden their search by spawning specialists. Some branches later request tools that send data or deploy code. When should a br

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

Towards a Belief-Based World Model for LLM Agents

arXiv:2609.00455v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are being used as policies for autonomous decision-making and planning in many domains. Despite their strong reasoning capa

Agent Zero Memory: Provenance-Aware Long-Term Memory for LLM Agents

arXiv:2608.29606v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model (LLM) agents need durable, faithful memory of everything a user or organization has said and stored, yet most memory systems commit

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

Beyond Consensus: Downward Bias and Role Asymmetry in Multi-Agent LLM Judges for Subjective Evaluation

arXiv:2608.30373v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multi-Agent Debate (MAD) has been widely adopted to improve LLM-based evaluation by prompting multiple agents to negotiate and reach a consensus. Howeve

Applications

Beyond Ranking Accuracy: Evaluating LLM-Cited Feature Rationales for Next Basket Repurchase Recommendation

arXiv:2608.30333v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Next-basket repurchase recommendation is commonly formulated as a ranking task: given a customer's purchase history, the system ranks previously purch

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Local Ai

Designing an Auditable LLM-Supported Workflow for Qualitative Thematic Analysis

arXiv:2608.30543v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) offer new possibilities for scaling qualitative analysis, but existing applications often provide limited methodological tr

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

GenRubric: Self-Evolving Rubric Generation for Scalable LLM Evaluation

arXiv:2608.29856v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models are increasingly used as scalable evaluators for open-ended tasks. However, many LLM judges derive query-specific criteria during

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Tutorials

Predicting the Unpredictable: LLM-powered Long-term Chaotic Time Series Forecasting under Short-term Observations

arXiv:2608.29579v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Chaotic time series forecasting is a challenging task due to its sensitivity to initial conditions and long-term unpredictability. Traditional methods t

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

SkillRet: A Large-Scale Benchmark for Skill Retrieval in LLM Agents

arXiv:2605.05726v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: As LLM agents are increasingly deployed with large libraries of reusable skills, selecting the right skill for a user request has become a critical

Towards Natural Personalization: Evaluating Long-Horizon Preference Following in Personalized User-LLM Interactions

arXiv:2603.04191v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly serving as personal assistants, where users may share individual preferences over extended interaction

Will the User Ever Know? Covert Indirect Prompt Injection on Tool-Using LLM Agents

arXiv:2608.30362v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As LLM agents take real-world actions through tools, indirect prompt injection (IPI) has emerged as a serious threat. The standard metric, Attack Succes

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Just WOW! Absolutely unacceptable. I look forward to understanding how that is possible. LLM tools get going and you can’t be 100% certain w…

model-releasesgary-marcus--x

Just WOW! Absolutely unacceptable. I look forward to understanding how that is possible. LLM tools get going and you can’t be 100% certain what they’re gonna do. Just like any LLM, you can ask coding

31 Aug 2026

Meta-Prompt Optimization for LLM-Based Sequential Decision Making

arXiv:2502.00728v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have recently been employed as agents to solve sequential decision-making tasks such as Bayesian optimization and multi

researcharxiv-cs-lg

31 Aug 2026

Select, Don't Train: The Benefits of Modular Entity Disambiguation with LLM-Based Selection

arXiv:2608.27470v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Entity Disambiguation (ED) is a key task for constructing and using knowledge graphs. State-of-the-art neural approaches commonly model ED as a single t

31 Aug 2026

AgentJudgeBench: A Multi-Difficulty Benchmark for Evaluating LLM Judges on Agentic Tool-Calling

arXiv:2608.26623v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM judges are widely used to evaluate agentic tool-calling systems, yet their reliability on structured, dependency-driven workflows remains largely un

Boosting LLM Exploration via Weak-Model Guidance in RLVR

arXiv:2608.27420v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) significantly improves LLM reasoning but often causes a drop in policy entropy, leading to narrowe

Evaluating human and LLM screening workflows in a conceptually complex scoping review: Recall--workload trade-offs and run-to-run consistency

arXiv:2608.26885v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Background. Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for screening in evidence synthesis, where false negatives can remove relevant studies be

Multi-Expert Conformal Risk Control for Pairwise LLM Judging in Open-Ended Dialogue

arXiv:2608.26529v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In this paper, we explore multi-expert Conformal Risk Control (CRC) algorithms for pairwise LLM-as-a-Judge evaluation in open-ended dialogue. Our core i

Safety Does Not Compose: Non-Decaying Loop State for Autonomous LLM Agents

arXiv:2608.27141v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language model agents are increasingly deployed as autonomous loops. Starting from one human goal, such a system repeatedly discovers work, plan

The Cold-Start Safety Gap in LLM Agents

arXiv:2606.07867v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Are tool-calling LLM agents equally safe throughout a conversation? We discover they are not: agents are most vulnerable at the very start of a sess

Why did My Robot Just Change Personality? Prompting Guidelines for a Grounded Robot Persona in LLM-Based HRI

arXiv:2608.26182v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for verbal interaction in social robots, yet prompt design in human-robot interaction (HRI) remains u

Applications

Are LLM-Enhanced GNNs Privacy-Safe?

arXiv:2608.25727v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have recently advanced graph neural networks (GNNs) by enriching node representations with semantic information, giving ris

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

27 Aug 2026

Belief Cascades Drive Persuasion in LLM Agent Networks

arXiv:2608.25152v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multi-agent LLM systems increasingly debate answers, coordinate research, simulate users, and mediate information flows, making agent-to-agent persuasio