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arXiv:2604.13706v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Professional fact-checkers rely on domain knowledge and deep contextual understanding to verify claims. Large language models (LLMs) and large reasoning

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Research

Don't Let the Video Speak: Audio-Contrastive Preference Optimization for Audio-Visual Language Models

DGX agent

arXiv:2604.14129v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While Audio-Visual Language Models (AVLMs) have achieved remarkable progress over recent years, their reliability is bottlenecked by cross-modal halluci

researcharxiv-cs-cv

16 Apr 2026

Empirical Evidence of Complexity-Induced Limits in Large Language Models on Finite Discrete State-Space Problems with Explicit Validity Constraints

arXiv:2604.13371v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly described as possessing strong reasoning capabilities, supported by high performance on mathematical, logi

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Foresight Optimization for Strategic Reasoning in Large Language Models

arXiv:2604.13592v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reasoning capabilities in large language models (LLMs) have generally advanced significantly. However, it is still challenging for existing reasoning-ba

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

From Anchors to Supervision: Memory-Graph Guided Corpus-Free Unlearning for Large Language Models

arXiv:2604.13777v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) may memorize sensitive or copyrighted content, raising significant privacy and legal concerns. While machine unlearning has

local-aiarxiv-cs-cl

Quantifying and Understanding Uncertainty in Large Reasoning Models

arXiv:2604.13395v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have recently demonstrated significant improvements in complex reasoning. While quantifying generation uncertainty in LR

researcharxiv-cs-lg

CLASP: Class-Adaptive Layer Fusion and Dual-Stage Pruning for Multimodal Large Language Models

arXiv:2604.12767v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) suffer from substantial computational overhead due to the high redundancy in visual token sequences. Existing

Efficient Inference for Large Vision-Language Models: Bottlenecks, Techniques, and Prospects

arXiv:2604.05546v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) enable sophisticated reasoning over images and videos, yet their inference is hindered by a systemic efficiency

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Evaluating Language Models for Harmful Manipulation

arXiv:2603.25326v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Interest in the concept of AI-driven harmful manipulation is growing, yet current approaches to evaluating it are limited. This paper introduces a f

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

InsightFlow: LLM-Driven Synthesis of Patient Narratives for Mental Health into Causal Models

arXiv:2604.12721v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Clinical case formulation organizes patient symptoms and psychosocial factors into causal models, often using the 5P framework. However, constructing su

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

LLM-Enhanced Log Anomaly Detection: A Comprehensive Benchmark of Large Language Models for Automated System Diagnostics

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2604.12218v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: System log anomaly detection is critical for maintaining the reliability of large-scale software systems, yet traditional methods struggle with the hete

Locate, Steer, and Improve: A Practical Survey of Actionable Mechanistic Interpretability in Large Language Models

arXiv:2601.14004v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Mechanistic Interpretability (MI) has emerged as a vital approach to demystify the opaque decision-making of Large Language Models (LLMs). However,

local-aiarxiv-cs-cl

Preventing Safety Drift in Large Language Models via Coupled Weight and Activation Constraints

arXiv:2604.12384v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Safety alignment in Large Language Models (LLMs) remains highly fragile during fine-tuning, where even benign adaptation can degrade pre-trained refusal

Revisiting the Reliability of Language Models in Instruction-Following

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ai

arXiv:2512.14754v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Advanced LLMs have achieved near-ceiling instruction-following accuracy on benchmarks such as IFEval. However, these impressive scores do not

Robotic Manipulation is Vision-to-Geometry Mapping (f(v) rightarrow G): Vision-Geometry Backbones over Language and Video Models

arXiv:2604.12908v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: At its core, robotic manipulation is a problem of vision-to-geometry mapping (f(v) rightarrow G). Physical actions are fundamentally defined by geometri

applicationsarxiv-cs-ro

TeRA: Vector-based Random Tensor Network for High-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2509.03234v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods, such as Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), have significantly reduced the number of trainable parameters ne

Thinking Sparks!: Emergent Attention Heads in Reasoning Models During Post Training

arXiv:2509.25758v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The remarkable capabilities of modern large reasoning models are largely unlocked through post-training techniques such as supervised fine-tuning (S

A Survey of Inductive Reasoning for Large Language Models

arXiv:2510.10182v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reasoning is an important task for large language models (LLMs). Among all the reasoning paradigms, inductive reasoning is one of the fundamen

Asymptotic Learning Curves for Diffusion Models with Random Features Score and Manifold Data

arXiv:2603.22962v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We study the theoretical behavior of denoising score matching--the learning task associated to diffusion models--when the data distribution is suppo

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

Cognitive Training for Language Models: Towards General Capabilities via Cross-Entropy Games

arXiv:2603.22479v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Defining a constructive process to build general capabilities for language models in an automatic manner is considered an open problem in arti

CounterBench: Evaluating and Improving Counterfactual Reasoning in Large Language Models

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2502.11008v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Counterfactual reasoning is widely recognized as one of the most challenging and intricate aspects of causality in artificial intelligence. In this

Critical-CoT: A Robust Defense Framework against Reasoning-Level Backdoor Attacks in Large Language Models

arXiv:2604.10681v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs), despite their impressive capabilities across domains, have been shown to be vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Prior backdo

Hardware

Deep Optimizer States: Towards Scalable Training of Transformer Models Using Interleaved Offloading

arXiv:2410.21316v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Transformers and large language models~(LLMs) have seen rapid adoption in all domains. Their sizes have exploded to hundreds of billions of pa

hardwarearxiv-cs-ai

Delving Aleatoric Uncertainty in Medical Image Segmentation via Vision Foundation Models

arXiv:2604.10963v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Medical image segmentation supports clinical workflows by precisely delineating anatomical structures and lesions. However, medical image datasets medic

Different types of syntactic agreement recruit the same units within large language models

arXiv:2512.03676v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) can reliably distinguish grammatical from ungrammatical sentences, but how grammatical knowledge is represented within

local-aiarxiv-cs-cl

Do vision models perceive illusory motion in static images like humans?

arXiv:2604.09853v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Understanding human motion processing is essential for building reliable, human-centered computer vision systems. Although deep neural networks (DNNs) a

local-aiarxiv-cs-cv

Efficient Training for Cross-lingual Speech Language Models

arXiv:2604.11096v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Currently, large language models (LLMs) predominantly focus on the text modality. To enable more natural human-AI interaction, speech LLMs are emergin

Empowering Video Translation using Multimodal Large Language Models

arXiv:2604.11283v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent developments in video translation have further enhanced cross-lingual access to video content, with multimodal large language models (MLLMs) play

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Energy-oriented Diffusion Bridge for Image Restoration with Foundational Diffusion Models

arXiv:2604.10983v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Diffusion bridge models have shown great promise in image restoration by explicitly connecting clean and degraded image distributions. However, they oft

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cv

Generating Multiple-Choice Knowledge Questions with Interpretable Difficulty Estimation using Knowledge Graphs and Large Language Models

arXiv:2604.10748v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Generating multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with difficulty estimation remains challenging in automated MCQ-generation systems used in adaptive, AI-as

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

HOG-Layout: Hierarchical 3D Scene Generation, Optimization and Editing via Vision-Language Models

arXiv:2604.10772v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: 3D layout generation and editing play a crucial role in Embodied AI and immersive VR interaction. However, manual creation requires tedious labor, while

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Human-like Working Memory Interference in Large Language Models

arXiv:2604.09670v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Intelligent systems must maintain and manipulate task-relevant information online to adapt to dynamic environments and changing goals. This capacity,

Improving Pediatric Emergency Department Triage with Modality Dropout in Late Fusion Multimodal EHR Models

arXiv:2604.09905v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Emergency department triage relies heavily on both quantitative vital signs and qualitative clinical notes, yet multimodal machine learning models predi

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Knowledge Integration in Differentiable Models: A Comparative Study of Data-Driven, Soft-Constrained, and Hard-Constrained Paradigms for Identification and Control of the Single Machine Infinite Bus System

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2602.09667v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Integrating domain knowledge into neural networks is a central challenge in scientific machine learning. Three paradigms have emerged -- data-driven

Large Language Models Can Help Mitigate Barren Plateaus in Quantum Neural Networks

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ai

arXiv:2502.13166v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: In the era of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computing, Quantum Neural Networks (QNNs) have emerged as a promising approach for vario

MedVeriSeg: Teaching MLLM-Based Medical Segmentation Models to Verify Query Validity Without Extra Training

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2604.10242v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Despite recent advances in MLLM-based medical image segmentation, existing LISA-like methods cannot reliably reject false queries and often produce hall

Merging Triggers, Breaking Backdoors: Defensive Poisoning for Instruction-Tuned Language Models

arXiv:2601.04448v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have greatly advanced Natural Language Processing (NLP), particularly through instruction tuning, which enables b

Optimizing Large Language Models: Metrics, Energy Efficiency, and Case Study Insights

arXiv:2504.06307v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The rapid adoption of large language models (LLMs) has led to significant energy consumption and carbon emissions, posing a critical challenge

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

PnP-CM: Consistency Models as Plug-and-Play Priors for Inverse Problems

arXiv:2509.22736v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Diffusion models have found extensive use in solving inverse problems, by sampling from an approximate posterior distribution of data given th

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

Ro-SLM: Onboard Small Language Models for Robot Task Planning and Operation Code Generation

arXiv:2604.10929v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) provide robots with contextual reasoning abilities to comprehend human instructions. Yet, current LLM-en

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ro

Transformers Learn Latent Mixture Models In-Context via Mirror Descent

arXiv:2604.10848v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Sequence modelling requires determining which past tokens are causally relevant from the context and their importance: a process inherent to the attenti

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

What Do Vision-Language Models Encode for Personalized Image Aesthetics Assessment?

arXiv:2604.11374v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Personalized image aesthetics assessment (PIAA) is an important research problem with practical real-world applications. While methods based on vision

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

Agents

Bayesian Social Deduction with Graph-Informed Language Models

arXiv:2506.17788v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Social reasoning - inferring unobservable beliefs and intentions from partial observations of other agents - remains a challenging task for large la

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

On the Limits of Layer Pruning for Generative Reasoning in Large Language Models

arXiv:2602.01997v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent work has shown that layer pruning can effectively compress large language models (LLMs) while retaining strong performance on classific

PaceLLM: Brain-Inspired Large Language Models for Long-Context Understanding

arXiv:2506.17310v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: While Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong performance across domains, their long-context capabilities are limited by transient neu

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Re-Mask and Redirect: Exploiting Denoising Irreversibility in Diffusion Language Models

arXiv:2604.08557v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Diffusion-based language models (dLLMs) generate text by iteratively denoising masked token sequences. We show that their safety alignment rests on a

Reasoning Models Will Sometimes Lie About Their Reasoning

arXiv:2601.07663v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Hint-based faithfulness evaluations have established that Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) may not say what they think: they do not always volunteer in

WAND: Windowed Attention and Knowledge Distillation for Efficient Autoregressive Text-to-Speech Models

arXiv:2604.08558v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent decoder-only autoregressive text-to-speech (AR-TTS) models produce high-fidelity speech, but their memory and compute costs scale quadratically