A Survey of Inductive Reasoning for Large Language Models

arXiv:2510.10182v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reasoning is an important task for large language models (LLMs). Among all the reasoning paradigms, inductive reasoning is one of the fundamental types, which is characterized by its particular-to-general thinking process and the non-uniqueness of its answers. The inductive mode is crucial for knowledge generalization and aligns better with human cognition, so it is a fundamental mode of learning, hence attracting increasing interest. Despite the importance of inductive reasoning, there is no systematic summary of it. Therefore, this paper presents the first comprehensive survey of inductive reasoning for LLMs. First, methods for improving inductive reasoning are categorized into three main areas: post-training, test-time scaling, and data augmentation. Then, current benchmarks of inductive reasoning are summarized, and a unified sandbox-based evaluation approach with the observation coverage metric is derived. Finally, we offer some analyses regarding the source of inductive ability and how simple model architectures and data help with inductive tasks, providing a solid foundation for future research.

Related

• Rectifying LLM Thought from Lens of Optimization
• A Triadic Suffix Tokenization Scheme for Numerical Reasoning
• Faithful-First Reasoning, Planning, and Acting for Multimodal LLMs
• KG-Reasoner: A Reinforced Model for End-to-End Multi-Hop Knowledge Graph Reasoning
• Topology-Aware Reasoning over Incomplete Knowledge Graph with Graph-Based Soft Prompting
• ProofSketcher: Hybrid LLM + Lightweight Proof Checker for Reliable Math/Logic Reasoning

Source: arXiv cs.AI | 2026-04-14