Search: “safety”

AgenticRag-R1: Agentic Reinforcement Learning with Stack Memory for Multi-Step Reasoning, Retrieval and Memorizing

arXiv:2608.29622v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) improves the factuality of large language models (LLMs), yet existing RAG systems often struggle with complex, mu

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Aligning Multi-Trajectory Supervision with Policy Optimization for VLA Driving

DGX agent

arXiv:2608.30122v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision-language-action (VLA) driving methods increasingly combine multi-trajectory imitation learning with group-relative policy optimization (GRPO),

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1 Sept 2026

An evidence-guided reinforcement learning method to improve psychiatric reasoning in small language models

arXiv:2602.06449v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Privacy and computational constraints limit the use of large language models in psychiatry, while adapting small language models (SLMs) often requir

Applications of Risk Science to AI Fairness Evaluation: Principles, Challenges, and Best Practices

arXiv:2608.29478v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Scholarly work which aims to describe potential societal impacts (e.g., risks) of proliferating technology (especially related to artificial intellige

APT: Anchor-aligned Perturbations for Tamper Localization in Fully Regenerated Images

arXiv:2608.30656v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Proactive tamper localization embeds an imperceptible signal into an image prior to distribution, enabling pixel-level manipulation detection. Existing

Asymmetric Within-Document Predictive Learning for Scientific Document Representation

arXiv:2608.28625v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We study predictive pretraining for scientific document representation using the discourse structure of papers. We propose SciJEPA, a citation-free fr

ATLAS: Dual-Horizon Diagnostic Evaluation for Industrial Tool-Use Agents

arXiv:2608.30685v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model (LLM) agents are increasingly deployed in user-facing services that require iterative tool use under dynamic business conditions. R

AtlasNLP: A Country-Aware Atlas of Dataset Representation in NLP

arXiv:2608.30107v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Understanding which countries are represented in NLP datasets is essential for identifying gaps, targeting data collection, measuring progress, and in

Audit Me If You Can: Query-Efficient Active Fairness Auditing of Black-Box LLMs

arXiv:2601.03087v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit systematic biases across demographic groups. Auditing is proposed as an accountability tool for black-box

Automated Testing of LLM-Based Post Hoc Explainers Using Model Checking as an Oracle

arXiv:2608.30581v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are used as post hoc explainers of sequential decision-making policies, producing natural-language explanations of why an a

Automatic Conversion of NICE Guidelines to an Executable Computational Model Using Large Language Models

arXiv:2608.30022v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Introduction: NICE guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations for clinical care but remain largely in unstructured natural language. Existing app

Autonomously Acquiring Robot Manipulation Skills with Language-Driven Quality-Diversity

arXiv:2608.30983v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Quality-diversity (QD) algorithms have been gaining traction in robot learning, where diverse motion primitive libraries allow robots to adapt zero-shot

Behavioral Latency as Weak Event-Time Supervision for EEG Reaction-Time Decoding

arXiv:2608.29428v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Single-trial EEG analyses are often organized around events and latencies, yet EEG-based reaction-time (RT) prediction is posed as scalar regression on

Better World Models Can Lead to Better Post-Training Performance

arXiv:2512.03400v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We study how explicit world-modeling objectives affect the internal representations and downstream capability of Transformers, using Rubik's C

Beyond Consensus: Downward Bias and Role Asymmetry in Multi-Agent LLM Judges for Subjective Evaluation

arXiv:2608.30373v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multi-Agent Debate (MAD) has been widely adopted to improve LLM-based evaluation by prompting multiple agents to negotiate and reach a consensus. Howeve

Beyond Polarization: The Generative Constraint of Chain-of-Thought in Pointwise Reranking

arXiv:2608.30398v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In pointwise document reranking, Chain-of-Thought models typically underperform direct scoring models. While existing diagnostics attribute this to infe

Beyond Representation Learning: A Systematic Study of Joint-Embedding Predictive Generation for 3D Brain MRI

arXiv:2608.28787v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Joint-embedding predictive architectures (JEPAs) have primarily been developed for self-supervised representation learning. Denoising JEPA (D-JEPA) rece

Beyond the Final Layer: Intermediate Representations for Better Multilingual Calibration in Large Language Models

arXiv:2510.03136v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Confidence calibration, the alignment of a model's predicted confidence with its actual accuracy, is crucial for the reliable deployment of Large La

Breaking Darknet CAPTCHAs with general purpose LLM

arXiv:2608.28794v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Our work evaluates the effectiveness of automated methods for solving CAPTCHA challenges commonly encountered in darknet environments. These CAPTCHAs

Bridging Semantics and Physics with Constrained LLMs for Safe and Trustworthy Robotic Manipulation

arXiv:2608.29379v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A language-guided robot operating in a real kitchen must do more than produce a plan that appears correct. It must also execute that plan safely in clut

C3-UniMM: Causal Cycle-Consistent Unified Multimodal Modeling via Super Alignment and Shared Decoding Space

arXiv:2608.28603v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Unified Multimodal Models aim to achieve any-to-any understanding and generation across arbitrary modalities. However, existing methods primarily rely o

Call Neighbours Yourself: Graph Walks with Destination-Conditioned On-Policy Self-Distillation

arXiv:2608.29588v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reasoning over text-attributed graphs (TAGs) requires large language models (LLMs) to combine a node's text with evidence distributed across its neighbo

Can escalation channels redirect reward hacking toward defect disclosure?

arXiv:2608.29460v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: When coding agents encounter defective test infrastructure they may reward-hack: hardcoding outputs or editing test files to pass tests they cannot legi

CARD: Calibration via Agreement in Reverse Diffusion for Out-of-Domain MRI Segmentation

arXiv:2608.28681v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Probability calibration aligns model confidence with predictive accuracy, enabling clinicians to identify unreliable segmentation regions. This alignmen

CAST: Critique-Aware Supervision for Training Reliable Long-Horizon Tool-Calling Agents

arXiv:2608.30147v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model (LLM) agents are increasingly deployed in long-horizon, interactive, and stateful environments. In these settings, a single wrong a

CDPR: Counterfactual Advantage-based Credit Assignment for Cost-Aware Sequential Medical Diagnosis

arXiv:2608.28599v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Clinical diagnosis is a step-by-step, cost-aware process: a physician orders examinations one at a time, observes the results, and updates the diagnosis

CHASE: How Content Ecosystems Are Reshaped When Ranking Is the Only Target

arXiv:2608.30466v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Generative Engine Optimization (GEO) is increasingly used to improve content visibility in LLM-based retrieval systems, yet its population-level effects

CIG-RL: Curiosity-Driven Information-Guided Reinforcement Learning for Source Term Estimation in Uncertain Environments

arXiv:2608.30673v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Source term estimation (STE), which aims to estimate key properties of the gas source, is essential for identifying hazardous gas releases. Information-

Classification Drives Geographic Bias in Street Scene Segmentation

arXiv:2412.11061v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Previous studies showed that image datasets lacking geographic diversity can lead to biased performance in models trained on them. While earlier wor

CLIN: an Objective Framework for Evaluating Creativity in Short Persian Literary Text

arXiv:2608.30754v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Evaluating creativity in large language model (LLM) outputs remains challenging because creativity is multidimensional and human-centered. We examine ho

CoCoA: Context-Conditional Cultural Alignment for Large Language Models

arXiv:2608.29492v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) often favor Western-associated entities across cultural contexts. Conventional debiasing methods aim for uniform neutrality

Collapsibility of Performance Metrics in Clinical Predictive AI

arXiv:2608.30568v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Background: Population level assessments of predictive artificial intelligence (AI) can conceal performance disparities across subgroups. Fairness eva

Confounding Masquerading as Improvement: A Systematic Evaluation of Offline Reinforcement Learning for Stroke Antithrombotic Treatment in a 129,000-Patient Registry

arXiv:2608.30442v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent offline reinforcement learning (RL) studies report policies that outperform physician decisions on clinical outcomes. We conduct a systematic, pa

Context-Aware Interpretable Representations for Retrieval and Graph Convolutional Network Classification

arXiv:2608.29004v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The advances in visual information modeling and representation during the last decades are remarkable, mainly supported by Convolutional Neural Networ

Context Staircase: Signature-Aligned Dynamics of Token Embeddings under Small Initialization

arXiv:2608.30315v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Token embeddings are the basic representational units that connect discrete tokens with continuous computation in language models. Although modern lan

Correctness Forensics for Batch Speculative Decoding: Diagnosing the Ragged Tensor Problem

arXiv:2510.22876v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Inference optimizations are routinely evaluated by throughput alone, without verifying output correctness. We conduct a forensic analysis of b

Cross-Modal Visuo-Tactile Representation Learning with Action Chunking Transformers for Contact-Rich Manipulation

arXiv:2602.00514v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Tactile feedback is important for contact-rich robotic manipulation, yet effective use of tactile observations remains challenging when tactile sign

Data-to-Energy Stochastic Dynamics

arXiv:2509.26364v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The Schrodinger bridge problem is concerned with finding a stochastic dynamical system bridging two marginal distributions that minimises a certain

Delegating Before Learning: Where Generative AI Sits in Students' Professional Communication

arXiv:2608.28837v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We conducted an interview study with twelve students on their use of generative AI in academic communication. Students delegated professional messages

Designing for the Next Click: Bandits for Real-Time Page Layout

arXiv:2608.29850v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: E-commerce platforms increasingly personalize user experiences through machine learning, yet page layout decisions remain dominated by static rules and

Detecting Hidden Chain-of-Thought in Large Language Models with Linguistic, Behavioral, and Mechanistic Indicators

arXiv:2608.29956v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models often answer complex reasoning questions without revealing intermediate steps, raising whether they reason latently or complete pa

DICS: Exploring Data Intrinsic Consistency for Visual Instruction Selection

arXiv:2608.30209v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Visual instruction tuning is crucial for advancing the vision-language alignment and instruction-following capabilities of Vision-Language Models (VLMs)

DiffInf: Influence-Guided Diffusion for Supervision Alignment in Facial Attribute Learning

arXiv:2603.06399v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Facial attribute classification relies on large-scale annotated datasets in which many traits, such as age and expression, are inherently ambiguous

Discrete Diffusion Bridges for Spatiotemporally Aligned Image Translation and Generation

arXiv:2608.29997v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We propose Discrete Diffusion Bridges (DDB), a novel framework designed to resolve the fundamental spatiotemporal misalignment of standard discrete diff

Disentangling Representation using Attributes-based Gaussian Estimation for Medical Sound Diagnosis

arXiv:2608.29026v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Deep learning has a powerful capability of feature extraction. However, the lack of fairness and interpretability in deep neural networks poses limitati

Does On-Policy Distillation Really Distill? From Noisy Teacher to Self-Improvement

arXiv:2608.31046v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: On-policy distillation (OPD) offers dense token-level supervision as an alternative to the sparse outcome-level advantages of reinforcement learning w

Domain Mixture Design via Log-Likelihood Differences for Aligning Language Models with a Target Model

arXiv:2603.16622v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Instead of directly distilling a language model, this study addresses the problem of aligning a base model with a target model in distribution by de

DREAM: Deployment-Time Demonstration Generation via Real-to-Sim for Scalable Policy Adaptation

arXiv:2608.29078v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-language-action (VLA) models have made strong progress in language-conditioned robot manipulation, but improving their performance in a new works