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Trustworthy Machine Learning through the Lens of Combinatorial Optimization: Survey and Research Perspectives

arXiv:2607.07762v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Modern machine learning (ML) increasingly relies on complex models whose behavior is difficult to characterize beyond empirical performance metrics. Acr

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Two Axes of LLM Abstention: Answer Correctness and Question Answerability

DGX agent

arXiv:2607.08456v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A model should refuse two different things: answers it would get wrong, and questions it should not answer at all, such as unanswerable ones or ones r

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

10 Jul 2026

UltraX: Refining Pre-Training Data at Scale with Adaptive Programmatic Editing

arXiv:2607.08646v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As available training data approaches its physical limit, gains from Scaling Laws have begun to diminish. Consequently, improving Large Language Model

Unified Face Attack Detection via Fine-Grained Semantic Guidance

arXiv:2607.08156v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The growing applications of facial recognition systems are accompanied by increasingly diverse security threats. Existing datasets lack detailed textual

Validating LLMs in social science: Epistemic threats and emerging norms

arXiv:2607.07915v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are reshaping social science methodology. Researchers increasingly prompt language models to generate quantitative measur

When Structured Sparse Autoencoders Learn Consistent Concepts Across Modalities

arXiv:2607.08605v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have emerged as a promising technique for mechanistic interpretability by learning a set of sparse latent features in large

When Synthetic Speech Is All You Have: Better Call GRPO

arXiv:2607.08409v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: LLM-based ASR adapted to regulated domains such as banking is bottlenecked by privacy: real speech is costly and legally constrained to collect, makin

Who Gets Missed in the Tail? Thresholded Subgroup Underdiagnosis in Long-Tailed Chest X-ray Classification

arXiv:2607.07717v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In chest X-ray (CXR) classification, acceptable ranking performance can still leave rare-positive patients below threshold, especially within subgroup

Workflow as Knowledge: Semantic Persistence for LLM-Mediated Workflows

arXiv:2607.08740v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model (LLM) applications increasingly use explicit workflows for tool use, retrieval, branching, checkpointing, and human approval. Exist

XALPHA: A Memory-Driven AI Quant Researcher for Hypothesis-to-Code Alpha Discovery

arXiv:2607.08332v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Financial markets are noisy, non-stationary, and high-dimensional, making it difficult to discover predictive and robust trading signals. Alpha discover

XFACTORS: Disentangled Information Bottleneck via Contrastive Supervision

arXiv:2601.21688v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Disentangled representation learning aims to map independent factors of variation to independent representation components. On one hand, purel

Zoom-IQA: Image Quality Assessment with Reliable Region-Aware Reasoning

arXiv:2601.02918v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Image Quality Assessment (IQA) is a long-standing problem in computer vision. Previous methods typically focus on predicting numerical scores withou

A Distributionally Robust Optimisation Approach to Fair Credit Scoring

arXiv:2402.01811v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Credit scoring has been catalogued by the European Commission and the Executive Office of the US President as a high-risk classification task, in li

Ad Headline Generation using Self-Critical Masked Language Model

arXiv:2607.06818v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: For any E-commerce website it is a nontrivial problem to build enduring advertisements that attract shoppers. It is hard to pass the creative quality

AGAPI-Agents: An Open-Access Agentic AI Platform for Accelerated Materials Design on AtomGPT.org

arXiv:2512.11935v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Agentic AI systems increasingly connect large language models (LLMs) to external scientific tools, yet whether and when tool access improves predict

AI for Cultural Heritage Textiles: Fine-Tuned Latent Diffusion for Novel Ulos Motif Synthesis

arXiv:2607.06590v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Preserving and revitalising traditional textiles such as Ulos, a cultural heritage of the Batak ethnic group in North Sumatra, Indonesia, requires balan

`Attention-Guided Cross-Temporal Clustering for Self-Supervised Video Object Segmentation

arXiv:2607.07230v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Video object segmentation (VOS) is a fundamental task in video understanding, requiring accurate delineation and consistent tracking of objects across f

Automatic Echocardiography Segmentation via Transition Probability Correlation for Stable Semantic Extraction

arXiv:2607.07580v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While echocardiography is essential for cardiovascular diagnosis, inherent speckle noise and low signal-to-noise ratio often lead to ambiguous semantic

Behavior Leverage Imbalance in Multi-Teacher On-Policy Distillation

arXiv:2607.07050v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Agentic language models must learn when to call tools, when to consume tool responses, and when to answer directly. This makes multi-teacher on-policy d

ContrastiveCFG: Guiding Diffusion Sampling by Contrasting Positive and Negative Concepts

arXiv:2411.17077v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: As Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG) has proven effective in conditional diffusion model sampling for improved condition alignment, many applicat

D2PO: Optimizing Diffusion Samplers via Dynamic Preference

arXiv:2607.06609v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We propose D2PO (Dynamic Direct Preference Optimization), a principled framework for optimizing diffusion sampling policies with respect to timestep s

DASH: Dynamic Audio-Driven Semantic Chunking for Efficient Omnimodal Token Compression

arXiv:2603.15685v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Omnimodal large language models (OmniLLMs) jointly process audio and visual streams, but the resulting long multimodal token sequences make in

Deep Reinforcement Learning for Reliability Based Bi-Objective Portfolio Optimization

arXiv:2607.06610v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Portfolio optimization under uncertainty is inherently a multi-objective decision problem involving complex interactions among return, risk, market dy

DiaLLM: An Investigation into the Robustness-Generation Gap in English Dialect Adaptation

arXiv:2607.07669v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models increasingly understand dialectal English, yet still produce only standard, US-leaning English, leaving dialectal generation, th

Discovering Geometric Biases in 3D Face Reconstruction: A Curvature-Aware Spectral Framework for Fairness Evaluation

arXiv:2607.07486v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: 3D Morphable Models (3DMMs) remain the standard parametric shape priors for many state-of-the-art 3D face reconstruction algorithms. However, as these m

Do Counterfactually Fair Image Classifiers Satisfy Group Fairness? -- A Theoretical and Empirical Study

arXiv:2607.06603v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The notion of algorithmic fairness has been actively explored from various aspects of fairness, such as counterfactual fairness (CF) and group fairnes

Dual Latent Memory in Vision-Language-Action Models for Robotic Manipulation

arXiv:2607.07608v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Mainstream Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models predict actions primarily from the current observation under a Markovian assumption, thus struggling wi

EmbodiedGen V2: An Agentic, Simulation-Ready 3D World Engine for Embodied AI

arXiv:2607.07459v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present EmbodiedGen V2, a generative 3D world engine for building executable sim-ready environments for embodied intelligence. Sim-ready 3D asset g

EMO-R3: Reflective Reinforcement Learning for Emotional Reasoning in Multimodal Large Language Models

arXiv:2602.23802v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable progress in visual reasoning and understanding tasks but still struggle to capture th

Entropy Pacing Policy Optimization for Multi-Task Agentic Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2607.07178v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent breakthroughs of Reinforcement Learning (RL) have highlighted its potential for complex agentic Large Language Model (LLM) tasks. However, exis

Fast Rates for Semi-Supervised Learning via Data-Augmentation Graph Regularization

arXiv:2607.07513v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Self-supervised learning matches supervised accuracy from a fraction of the labels, but the labeled-sample efficiency behind this has lacked a theoretic

Feynman Kac Reweighted Schrodinger Bridge Matching for Surface-Based Tau PET Harmonization

arXiv:2606.17420v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Tau positron emission tomography (PET) is widely used for the in vivo characterization of disease stage and progression in Alzheimer's disease

Framing Instability in LLM Ethical Stance: Auditing Negation Sensitivity in Moral Dilemmas

arXiv:2601.21433v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Language models are increasingly consulted on ethically consequential questions, yet the stance a model expresses may not survive a change in framin

GemNav: Discrete-Token Visual Robot Navigation using a Multimodal Large Language Model

arXiv:2607.06882v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Visual navigation policies built on large pretrained models have so far followed a common recipe: a dedicated visual encoder, a bespoke action head, a

Gen4U: Unifying Video Generation and Understanding via Diffusion

arXiv:2607.06856v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Prior work suggests that diffusion representations capture low-level geometry but struggle with high-level semantics. We demonstrate that state-of-the-a

Gradient-Based Speech-to-Text Alignment for Any ASR Model: From CTC to Speech LLMs

arXiv:2607.06831v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Speech-to-text alignment means finding the temporal boundaries of each word in the audio. Some models provide such an alignment directly and others do

HART: High-Resolution Annotation-Free Reasoning Technique through a Closed-loop Framework

arXiv:2602.23615v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Current Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) struggle with high-resolution visual inputs during the reasoning process, as the number of image tokens incre

HiDVFS: Hierarchical Multi-Agent DVFS for Real-Time OpenMP DAG Workloads

arXiv:2601.06425v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Leakage power in multicore embedded systems now rivals dynamic power, so DVFS schedulers must respect deadlines and thermal limits, not just a

HumAIN: Human-Aware Implicit Social Robot Navigation

arXiv:2607.07357v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Effective social robot navigation requires sensitivity to human behavior, often revealed through subtle skeletal cues like gait and orientation. We pr

InductWave: Inductive Multi-Hop Logical Query Answering on Knowledge Graphs

arXiv:2607.07422v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Logical Multi-Hop Query Answering over Knowledge Graphs (KGs) can be formulated as querying, with an implicit completeness assumption. Current works mai

Latent Policy Steering through One-Step Flow Policies

arXiv:2603.05296v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Offline reinforcement learning (RL) allows robots to learn from offline datasets without risky exploration. Yet, offline RL's performance ofte

Learning social norms enhances compatibility in dynamic human-AI coordination

arXiv:2607.07021v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Humans continuously coordinate with others in dynamic interactions, often through implicit, hard-to-quantify social norms that act as shared tacit expec

LHM-Humanoid: Long-Horizon Human Motion Control for Continuous Object Transport in Cluttered Scenes

arXiv:2508.16943v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Physics-based human motion control can make a simulated character walk, sit, and manipulate objects with high physical realism. Almost always,

Lipschitz-Regularized Critics Lead to Policy Robustness Against Transition Dynamics Uncertainty

arXiv:2404.13879v5 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Uncertainties in transition dynamics pose a critical challenge in reinforcement learning (RL), often resulting in performance degradation of trained

LLM-Guided Task-Semantic Field Factorization for Industrial Process Forecasting

arXiv:2607.06623v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Process industries rely on time-series forecasting and soft sensing to estimate quality variables that are hard to measure online. Labeled data are sc

LLM-powered reasoning in agent-based modeling

arXiv:2607.06757v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Agent-based modeling (ABM) has the capability to model millions of individuals and their interactions, which is useful for policy making. However, ABMs

LLMs Silently Correct African American English: Auditing and Mitigating Dialect Bias via Activation Steering

arXiv:2607.06845v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: African American English (AAE), a rule-governed dialect spoken by over 30 million people, is routinely misinterpreted and 'corrected' by large language

Mathematical methods of reinforcement learning

arXiv:2607.06935v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) is increasingly grounded in tools from probability, optimization, and operator theory. This survey organizes the mathemati