Search: “llm”

Pairwise Logical Selection of Enthymeme Completions under Semantic-Link Uncertainty

arXiv:2608.18820v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Arguments often omit premises or claims, forming enthymemes. We study pairwise logical selection between two candidates for the omitted component. Exist

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Position: Current Model Cards Are Insufficient for Downstream Governance of Open-Weight Foundation Models

DGX agent

arXiv:2608.18086v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The growth of open-weight foundation models (OWFMs) has prompted the AI community to re-evaluate strategies for effective downstream governance. Althoug

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

20 Aug 2026

ProxyGuard: Direct Reliability Inference for Randomized Data Release Mechanisms with Shared Targets

arXiv:2608.18643v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Researchers often choose a proxy dataset from many releases, transformations, or seeds. Search can make an invalid release appear adequate, while one ad

researcharxiv-cs-lg

RTPO: Reverse-Turn Policy Optimization for Stabilizing Agentic RL Training

arXiv:2608.18682v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Training multi-turn agentic workflows with reinforcement learning (RL) enables large language models to perform complex reasoning, use external tools, a

Science Done on a Machine by a Machine: AI Agents in Computational Chemistry

arXiv:2608.18508v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We are witnessing an explosion of agentic systems for computational chemistry simulations: from half a dozen in 2024 to a dozen in 2025, and the curre

Self-prompting and cross-model consensus enable reproducible data extraction from scientific literature with large language models

arXiv:2608.19025v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Accurately extracting nuanced, contextualized data from research articles is laborious and time intensive. Here, we investigate the performance of front

SIGMA: Symmetry-aware, Intelligent, Geometric, Multi-objective Adaptive Control for Robust, Dependable Traffic Management

arXiv:2608.18263v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Traffic signal control is a complex sequential decision-making problem requiring real-time adaptation and trade-offs among throughput, delay fairness, s

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Training Chemical Plausibility-Aware Large Language Models for Single-Step Retrosynthesis

arXiv:2608.18940v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Single-step retrosynthesis is a central component of computer-aided synthesis planning, yet its intrinsically one-to-many nature is poorly captured by

What Makes Software Issue Resolution Tasks Difficult for Agents?

arXiv:2608.18280v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Background. Advances in agentic systems are simultaneously, and rapidly, saturating benchmarks. Despite this often discussed phenomena, benchmark scor

Against Political Polarization: A Unified Framework for Tracing Evolving Political Ideologies on Social Media

arXiv:2608.17987v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The rapid growth of social media has greatly influenced political discourse, highlighting the need to understand individual political ideologies and t

Authorization Before Context: A Model-Neutral Audience Boundary Against Cross-Audience Memory Leakage in Agentic Systems

arXiv:2608.17148v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A personal language agent learns a fact from one audience and may later place it in the prompt it assembles for another. This memory-to-context step i

Benchmarking Automated Security Patch Backporting: How Far Are We?

arXiv:2608.17671v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Automated security patch backporting is critical for mitigating N-day vulnerabilities. Recent tools report success rates above 80% on their respective

Beyond Suspicious Steps: Ontological Trust in Long-Horizon Agents

arXiv:2608.17718v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Long-horizon agents increasingly operate across many steps, tools, and observa- tions. In this setting, the relevant oversight question is not only whet

CARA: Cognitive Adaptive Recommendation Agent

arXiv:2608.16919v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent advances in large language models and agent-based recommendation frameworks have introduced new opportunities for more flexible and context-awa

Co-RL: Unsupervised Reasoning Emerges from Diverse Cohort in Multi-agent RL

arXiv:2608.17253v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful approach for improving reasoning in language and vision-language models, yet its strongest succe

Cognitive Graph Intelligence for Adaptive and Robust DDoS Attack Detection in Next Generation Networks

arXiv:2608.17352v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks threaten network availability, requiring a cognitive detection process that senses traffic, infers intent,

COMIC: Reference-Aware Safety Gating for Multimodal Large Language Models

arXiv:2608.17234v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are increasingly used to interact with screenshots, scanned documents, diagrams, and other visually grounded

Diffusion Models for Smarter UAVs: Decision-Making and Modeling

arXiv:2501.05819v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly used in modern communication networks. However, challenges in decision-making and digital mod

Local Ai

DOW-KE: Anchor-Free Multi-Layer Knowledge Editing via Direct End-to-End Weight Optimization

arXiv:2608.16932v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multi-layer locate-then-edit methods for knowledge editing first optimize target residual-stream activations (anchors) at selected layers, then realize

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

Gradient Heterogeneity Complements Hessian Heterogeneity in Transformer Optimization

arXiv:2502.00213v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Transformers are difficult to optimize with stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and largely rely on adaptive optimizers such as Adam. Despite ex

Grading Needs a Rubric, Not Intelligence

arXiv:2608.17938v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Small language models can grade open-ended examination answers as reliably as substantially more expensive models when they grade against an explicit

HarnessRisk: A Lifecycle-Oriented Benchmark for Agent Harness Safety

arXiv:2608.17597v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models are increasingly deployed through agent harnesses that manage tools, extensions, persistent state, permissions, and external act

Hidden Prompts in Manuscripts Exploit AI-Assisted Peer Review

arXiv:2507.06185v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: In July 2025, 18 academic manuscripts on arXiv contained hidden instructions that manipulated AI-assisted peer review (indirect prompt injecti

Iterative tensor network transformations for element-wise evaluation of elementary and filtering functions

arXiv:2608.17135v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Tensor networks are powerful formats for compressing large-scale data. However, their application to general data processing has been limited by the d

Likelihood Hacking in Probabilistic Program Synthesis

arXiv:2603.24126v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: When language models are trained by reinforcement learning (RL) to write probabilistic programs, they can artificially inflate their marginal-likeli

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Memory Is Communication: The Frontier Between Remembering and Signaling

arXiv:2608.17053v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A bounded agent may obtain information for a decision from its own past, from peers, or from both sources. Retaining task-relevant history can reduce la

MoNe: Modular Neural Memory for Efficient Long Context Inference

arXiv:2608.17616v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present MoNe, a lightweight modular neural memory that attaches to any frozen pretrained Transformer to enable long-context inference without retrain

Tutorials

NeuroAbs: A Neuro-Symbolic RTL Abstraction Framework for Property Checking Acceleration

arXiv:2608.17304v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Formal verification is a crucial technique for ensuring the functional correctness of hardware designs. In the context of property checking, a key cha

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai

Polaris: Learning to Generate Table Descriptions from Retrieval Feedback

arXiv:2608.17171v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Many table-centric NLP tasks such as NL2SQL first retrieve relevant tables from large collections using keyword search. Recent work uses LLMs to generat

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Rethinking Irregular Time Series Forecasting from the Perspective of Basis Functions

arXiv:2608.17284v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Irregular time series forecasting is crucial in many domains, such as healthcare and meteorological observation. However, due to the inherent characte

SEE: Structure-aware Exploring & Exploiting for Long-horizon GUI Agent Trajectory Synthesis

arXiv:2607.18046v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents powered by vision-language models hold promise for automating real-world mobile tasks. However, progress is li

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Local Ai

SGHA: Evidence-Grounded Research Problem Discovery with Local Language Models

arXiv:2608.17501v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent efforts toward fully automated AI scientists have demonstrated that language-model agents can generate hypotheses, execute experiments, and draft

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

SignalReasoner: Assessing the Upper Bound of 3B Models for Signal Mathematical Reasoning

arXiv:2608.17301v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Post-training with supervised chain-of-thought fine-tuning and reinforcement learning from verifiable rewards has substantially improved the mathematica

SkillEffect: Checked Lowering for Memory-Bounded Agent Tools

arXiv:2608.17007v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Agent Skills can specify procedural and resource obligations for tool use, and language models instantiate them as concrete programs. However, when mode

SPSA Hyperparameter Tuning for Variational Quantum Natural Language Inference

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2608.16939v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Training variational quantum models requires choosing between parameter-shift gradients, which are exact but cost O(P) forward evaluations, and simult

Structural Plan-to-Model Conversion with Deterministic Geometry and Guarded Agentic Vision-Language Refinement

arXiv:2608.17237v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Converting structural framing plans into editable finite-element model drafts remains labor-intensive and prone to transcription error. Existing drawi

Structure-Internalized Rule Language Model for Faithful Knowledge Graph Reasoning

arXiv:2608.17443v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Knowledge Graph Reasoning (KGR) aims to discover latent facts by leveraging the structural evidence available in KGs, posing a challenge to the structur

Supporting Calibrated Reliance in Human-AI Collaboration: Different Strategies for Different Tasks

arXiv:2604.03237v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: As AI systems increasingly support human decision making, a central challenge is determining what information helps people recognize when to r

Validated Adaptation for Aerial Crowd Monitoring at Mass Gathering Scale: A Deployment Protocol, a Severity Law, and a Diagnostic for Label-Free Drone Crowd Counting, Toward the FIFA World Cup 2034 (Saudi Arabia)

arXiv:2608.17625v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Saudi Arabia will host the 2034 FIFA World Cup and already operates crowd management at Hajj scale. Drone-based counting must hold accuracy on footage u

Tutorials

Visual Prompting for Robotic Manipulation with Annotation-Guided Pick-and-Place Using ACT

arXiv:2508.08748v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Robotic pick-and-place tasks in convenience stores pose challenges due to dense object arrangements, occlusions, and variations in object prop

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai

Local Ai

WONDER: A Radio World Model-based Negotiation Framework for Multi-Agent UAV Coverage Optimization

arXiv:2608.16955v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Post-disaster damage to terrestrial infrastructure can disrupt wireless coverage,while Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle (UAV) swarms provide a promising soluti

local-aiarxiv-cs-lg

ACTS-SQL: Agentic and Critic-Oriented Tree-Structured SQL Correctness with Large Language Models

arXiv:2608.15145v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have been increasingly adopted in Text-to-SQL systems, yet SQL errors remain a major obstacle in real-world Text-to-SQL inf

Augmenting Text to Increase Translation Difficulty

arXiv:2608.15932v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As state-of-the-art machine translation models saturate standard benchmarks, the field needs more challenging evaluations to distinguish between models

Beyond Asking: A Pipeline for Personalized Game Generation that Reads Players from Behavior

arXiv:2608.16196v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Personalized game generation requires inferring a player's abilities and behavioral style from how they play. Large language models have made this infer

Beyond Thresholds: A Quality-Aware Decision Intelligence Framework for Cold Chain IoT Systems

arXiv:2608.15082v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Cold chain logistics has advanced technologically, yet most deployed systems remain reactive monitors, not decision-making agents: thresholds trigger al

CACSurv: Concordance-Aligned Comparative Learning with Large Language Models for Cancer Survival Prediction

arXiv:2608.16594v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Cancer survival prediction supports treatment planning, risk stratification, and follow-up management. Existing methods use structured clinical variable

Characterizing Rhetorical Misalignment in Decision-Making with Language Models

arXiv:2608.14630v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Human decision-making is often shaped by a range of well-documented cognitive biases. As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated i

Conditional Evaluation of Language Models with Cheap Auxiliary Signals

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2608.16210v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Aggregate accuracy hides where models succeed and fail. Estimating conditional performance profiles from gold labels alone is expensive, while cheap aux