Search: “models”

UAF: A Unified Audio Front-end LLM for Full-Duplex Speech Interaction

arXiv:2604.19221v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Full-duplex speech interaction, as the most natural and intuitive mode of human communication, is driving artificial intelligence toward more human-like

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

22 Apr 2026

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When Safety Fails Before the Answer: Benchmarking Harmful Behavior Detection in Reasoning Chains

DGX agent

arXiv:2604.19001v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large reasoning models (LRMs) produce complex, multi-step reasoning traces, yet safety evaluation remains focused on final outputs, overlooking how harm

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

22 Apr 2026

Who Shapes Brazil's Vaccine Debate? Semi-Supervised Modeling of Stance and Polarization in YouTube's Media Ecosystem

arXiv:2604.18586v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vaccination remains a cornerstone of global public health, yet the COVID-19 pandemic exposed how online misinformation, political polarization, and de

researcharxiv-cs-ai

22 Apr 2026

A Mechanism Study of Delayed Loss Spikes in Batch-Normalized Linear Models

arXiv:2604.16809v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Delayed loss spikes have been reported in neural-network training, but existing theory mainly explains earlier non-monotone behavior caused by overly

A Model and Estimation of the Bitcoin Transaction Fee

arXiv:2604.17183v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Bitcoin transaction fees will become more important as the block subsidy declines, but fee formation is hard to study with blockchain data alone becau

Abstain-R1: Calibrated Abstention and Post-Refusal Clarification via Verifiable RL

arXiv:2604.17073v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement fine-tuning improves the reasoning ability of large language models, but it can also encourage them to answer unanswerable queries by gues

Adaptive Forensic Feature Refinement via Intrinsic Importance Perception

arXiv:2604.16879v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: With the rapid development of generative models and multimodal content editing technologies, the key challenge faced by synthetic image detection (SID)

Are We Using the Right Benchmark: An Evaluation Framework for Visual Token Compression Methods

arXiv:2510.07143v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent efforts to accelerate inference in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have largely focused on visual token compression. The effectivene

Beyond Reproduction: A Paired-Task Framework for Assessing LLM Comprehension and Creativity in Literary Translation

arXiv:2604.18169v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for creative tasks such as literary translation. Yet translational creativity remains underexplored a

Cat-DPO: Category-Adaptive Safety Alignment

arXiv:2604.17299v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Aligning large language models with human preferences must balance two competing goals: responding helpfully to legitimate requests and reliably refusin

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

CoLLM: A Unified Framework for Co-execution of LLMs Federated Fine-tuning and Inference

arXiv:2604.16400v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted in edge intelligence to power domain-specific applications and personalized services, the qua

Disentangled Robot Learning via Separate Forward and Inverse Dynamics Pretraining

arXiv:2604.16391v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision-language-action (VLA) models have shown great potential in building generalist robots, but still face a dilemma-misalignment of 2D image foreca

eCP: Equivariant Conformal Prediction with pre-trained models

arXiv:2602.03986v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Conformal prediction, a post-hoc, distribution-free, finite-sample method of uncertainty quantification that offers formal coverage guarantees under

Emergent Misalignment via In-Context Learning: Narrow in-context examples can produce broadly misaligned LLMs

arXiv:2510.11288v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent work has shown that narrow finetuning can produce broadly misaligned LLMs, a phenomenon termed emergent misalignment (EM). While concerning,

Forecasting Ionospheric Irregularities on GNSS Lines of Sight Using Dynamic Graphs with Ephemeris Conditioning

arXiv:2604.18379v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Most data-driven ionospheric forecasting models operate on gridded products, which do not preserve the time-varying sampling structure of satellite-base

FUSE: Ensembling Verifiers with Zero Labeled Data

arXiv:2604.18547v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Verification of model outputs is rapidly emerging as a key primitive for both training and real-world deployment of large language models (LLMs). In p

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

HiP-LoRA: Budgeted Spectral Plasticity for Robust Low-Rank Adaptation

arXiv:2604.17751v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Adapting foundation models under resource budgets relies heavily on Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT), with LoRA being a standard modular solutio

Learning from Less: Measuring the Effectiveness of RLVR in Low Data and Compute Regimes

arXiv:2604.18381v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) typically relies on large quantities of high-quality annotated data, or questions with well-defined ground tr

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

LoRA on the Go: Instance-level Dynamic LoRA Selection and Merging

arXiv:2511.07129v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as a parameter-efficient approach for fine-tuning large language models. However, conventional LoRA adapters

Medical thinking with multiple images

arXiv:2604.16506v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models perform well on many medical QA benchmarks, but real clinical reasoning often requires integrating evidence across multiple imag

Missing Pattern Tree based Decision Grouping and Ensemble for Enhancing Pair Utilization in Deep Incomplete Multi-View Clustering

arXiv:2512.21510v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Real-world multi-view data often exhibit highly inconsistent missing patterns, posing significant challenges for incomplete multi-view cluster

On the Importance and Evaluation of Narrativity in Natural Language AI Explanations

arXiv:2604.18311v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Explainable AI (XAI) aims to make the behaviour of machine learning models interpretable, yet many explanation methods remain difficult to understand. T

PAC-Bayes Bounds for Gibbs Posteriors via Singular Learning Theory

arXiv:2604.17219v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We derive explicit non-asymptotic PAC-Bayes generalization bounds for Gibbs posteriors, that is, data-dependent distributions over model parameters ob

PBSBench: A Multi-Level Vision-Language Framework and Benchmark for Hematopathology Whole Slide Image Interpretation

arXiv:2604.17570v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Peripheral Blood Smear (PBS) is a critical microscopic examination in hematopathology that yields whole-slide imaging (WSI). Unlike solid tissue patholo

PCM-NeRF: Probabilistic Camera Modeling for Neural Radiance Fields under Pose Uncertainty

arXiv:2604.17831v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Neural surface reconstruction methods typically treat camera poses as fixed values, assuming perfect accuracy from Structure-from-Motion (SfM) systems.

researcharxiv-cs-cv

ReFineVLA: Multimodal Reasoning-Aware Generalist Robotic Policies via Teacher-Guided Fine-Tuning

arXiv:2604.17800v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have gained much attention from the research community thanks to their strength in translating multimodal observat

RosettaSearch: Multi-Objective Inference-Time Search for Protein Sequence Design

arXiv:2604.17175v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce RosettaSearch, an inference-time multi-objective optimization approach for protein sequence optimization. We use large language models (LLM

SetFlow: Generating Structured Sets of Representations for Multiple Instance Learning

arXiv:2604.16362v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Data scarcity and weak supervision continue to limit the performance of machine learning models in many real-world applications, such as mammography,

Tool Learning Needs Nothing More Than a Free 8B Language Model

arXiv:2604.17739v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a prevalent paradigm for training tool calling agents, which typically requires online interactive environments

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Universally Empowering Zeroth-Order Optimization via Adaptive Layer-wise Sampling

arXiv:2604.18264v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Zeroth-Order optimization presents a promising memory-efficient paradigm for fine-tuning Large Language Models by relying solely on forward passes. Howe

Beyond Distribution Sharpening: The Importance of Task Rewards

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ai

arXiv:2604.16259v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Frontier models have demonstrated exceptional capabilities following the integration of task-reward-based reinforcement learning (RL) into their train

Beyond MCQ: An Open-Ended Arabic Cultural QA Benchmark with Dialect Variants

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ai

arXiv:2510.24328v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to answer everyday questions, yet their performance on culturally grounded and dialectal co

Brain Score Tracks Shared Properties of Languages: Evidence from Many Natural Languages and Structured Sequences

arXiv:2604.15503v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent breakthroughs in language models (LMs) using neural networks have raised the question: how similar are these models' processing to human language

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Frequency-Aware Flow Matching for High-Quality Image Generation

arXiv:2604.15521v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Flow matching models have emerged as a powerful framework for realistic image generation by learning to reverse a corruption process that progressively

Long-Term Memory for VLA-based Agents in Open-World Task Execution

arXiv:2604.15671v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated significant potential for embodied decision-making; however, their application in complex chemical

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

On the Rejection Criterion for Proxy-based Test-time Alignment

arXiv:2604.16146v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent works proposed test-time alignment methods that rely on a small aligned model as a proxy that guides the generation of a larger base (unaligned)

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

ProtoTTA: Prototype-Guided Test-Time Adaptation

arXiv:2604.15494v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Deep networks that rely on prototypes-interpretable representations that can be related to the model input-have gained significant attention for balan

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv

RefereeBench: Are Video MLLMs Ready to be Multi-Sport Referees

arXiv:2604.15736v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel at generic video understanding, their ability to support specialized, rule-grounded decision-maki

Agents

VeriMoA: A Mixture-of-Agents Framework for Spec-to-HDL Generation

arXiv:2510.27617v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Automation of Register Transfer Level (RTL) design can help developers meet increasing computational demands. Large Language Models (LLMs) show prom

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Tutorials

Attention to Mamba: A Recipe for Cross-Architecture Distillation

arXiv:2604.14191v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: State Space Models (SSMs) such as Mamba have become a popular alternative to Transformer models, due to their reduced memory consumption and higher thro

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cl

Continuous-time reinforcement learning: ellipticity enables model-free value function approximation

arXiv:2602.06930v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We study off-policy reinforcement learning for controlling continuous-time Markov diffusion processes with discrete-time observations and actions. W

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Tutorials

KnowRL: Exploring Knowledgeable Reinforcement Learning for Factuality

arXiv:2506.19807v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly slow-thinking models, often exhibit severe hallucination, outputting incorrect content due to an in

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cl

LongAct: Harnessing Intrinsic Activation Patterns for Long-Context Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2604.14922v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a critical driver for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). While recent ad

OpenMobile: Building Open Mobile Agents with Task and Trajectory Synthesis

arXiv:2604.15093v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Mobile agents powered by vision-language models have demonstrated impressive capabilities in automating mobile tasks, with recent leading models achie

Purging the Gray Zone: Latent-Geometric Denoising for Precise Knowledge Boundary Awareness

arXiv:2604.14324v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) often exhibit hallucinations due to their inability to accurately perceive their own knowledge boundaries. Existing abstent

Quantum-inspired tensor networks in machine learning models

arXiv:2604.14287v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Tensor networks were developed in the context of many-body physics as compressed representations of multiparticle quantum states. These representations

SeaAlert: Critical Information Extraction From Maritime Distress Communications with Large Language Models

arXiv:2604.14163v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Maritime distress communications transmitted over very high frequency (VHF) radio are safety-critical voice messages used to report emergencies at sea.

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Secure and Privacy-Preserving Vertical Federated Learning

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ai

arXiv:2604.13474v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We propose a novel end-to-end privacy-preserving framework, instantiated by three efficient protocols for different deployment scenarios, covering bot