Search: “reasoning”

Positive-Unlabeled Learning for Agent Safety False Alarm Auditing

arXiv:2610.02925v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Safety monitors help safeguard language-model agents interacting with external tools and environments, but conservative monitoring can generate many fal

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Prospective Hindsight: Self-Calibrating Reinforcement Learning via Prediction-Reality Gaps

DGX agent

arXiv:2610.02740v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning for long-horizon agents relies on purely retrospective training signals: credit is assigned only after observing environmental

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

5 Oct 2026

RAOA: Alternating-Operator Neural Computation with Programmable Radio Propagation

arXiv:2610.02683v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Can programmable radio propagation serve as computational depth rather than only as a communication channel or one-shot analog transform? We introduce t

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Recoverability Has a Law: The ERR Measure for Tool-Augmented Agents

arXiv:2601.22352v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Language model agents often appear capable of self-recovery after failing tool call executions, yet this behavior lacks a formal explanation.

Rethinking RAG in Long Videos: What to Retrieve and How to Use It?

arXiv:2606.13141v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Retrieval-augmented generation is extending beyond text to long videos, where query-relevant chunks can be represented across multiple modalities an

Science Is Falling Behind the Frontier: Foundation Model Adoption Across Half a Million Papers

arXiv:2511.21739v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We present the first large-scale analysis of AI foundation model usage in science -- not just citations or keywords. We find that adoption has

Applications

Seer: Maximum Likelihood Regression for Learning-Speed Curves

arXiv:2610.02610v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The research presented here focuses on modeling machine-learning performance. The thesis introduces Seer, a system that generates empirical observations

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Silent Dissent: LLM Agents That Yield to the Majority Still Represent Their Original Premise

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2610.02702v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multi-agent debate is increasingly used to reach consensus among LLM agents, yet agents often yield to a unanimous majority. When an agent changes its a

Single or Multiple Policies for Phase-Structured Reinforcement Learning?

arXiv:2610.03475v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Many reinforcement-learning (RL) problems are non-stationary yet structured and can be decomposed into phases, each with its own transition probabilit

SlimKV: Joint Token-Feature KV Cache Compression with Reconstruction-Free Beacon Attention

arXiv:2610.02953v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Long-context LLM serving is increasingly bottlenecked by KV-cache memory, especially in resource-constrained scenarios. Among existing KV-cache compress

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Slow-Fast Multi-Teacher On-Policy Distillation for Capability Preservation

arXiv:2610.02324v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Foundation multimodal large language models are designed to support a broad spectrum of capabilities across diverse domains. Multi-teacher on-policy d

Student-Guided Teacher Distillation for Efficient LLM Task Routing: Positioning Against Jev-Style System-1 Classifiers

arXiv:2610.02516v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Zero-shot classifiers are useful for routing user requests to specialized LLM tasks, but scoring every request against a large candidate set is expens

The Surprising Effectiveness of Shared Memory in Looped Transformers

arXiv:2610.02383v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Looped Transformers apply the same layers several times per token, adding compute to improve quality without more parameters. Each recursion, however,

Understanding Clinical Cognitive Dialogues Using Large Language Models

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2609.34125v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In-person cognitive assessment is both a test and an interaction. Clinicians explain tasks, repair misunderstandings, and adapt to patient responses

What Is Lost in Post-Training? Default Collapse and the Loss of In-Context Steerability Across Diverse Perspectives

arXiv:2610.02614v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: AI models serving a heterogeneous population must act on the principles appropriate to each user and context. While post-training has been shown to narr

researcharxiv-cs-lg

What Should World Models Forget? Stratified Retention for Continual Adaptation

arXiv:2610.03713v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Continual learning treats degradation on previously seen data as evidence of failure, a convention inherited from settings with a stationary predictio

Agents

When Numbers Start Talking: Numerical Signalling and Strategic Behaviour Among LLMs

arXiv:2610.03033v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model (LLM)-based agents increasingly operate in multi-agent systems (MAS) characterised by strategic interaction. However, little is kno

agentsarxiv-cs-ai

Who Went Where When on the Lunar Surface: Forensic Trajectory Analysis to Identify Byzantine Rovers

arXiv:2610.02694v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Future planetary surface missions are likely to involve multiple independently operated rovers sharing the same deployment region, raising the need to v

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

Tutorials

World Action Learning via Interaction-Centric Spectral Latent Guidance

arXiv:2610.03607v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Learning general-purpose robot policies requires large-scale real-world interaction data, yet collecting robot demonstrations remains expensive and diff

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ro

World Action Modeling with Progressive Visual Planning

arXiv:2610.02508v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: World action models (WAMs) have emerged as a promising paradigm for robotic control by jointly predicting future visual dynamics and actions from an ini

ZAGNet: Zone-Aware Graph Aggregation Network for Patient-Level Lung Ultrasound Diagnosis

arXiv:2610.02263v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Patient-level lung ultrasound (LUS) diagnosis requires integrating findings acquired across multiple anatomical zones, yet clinical examinations frequ

researcharxiv-cs-cv

A First Glance at Jev for Network Traffic Classification: Accuracy, Processing Time, and Cost

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2610.00376v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We evaluate Jev on ten dataset-defined application labels in CESNET-QUICEXT-25 using only the first ten packets' sizes, directions, and inter-packet tim

Agents Are Systems, Not Models: Rethinking Agentic Evaluation

arXiv:2610.01618v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Agent evaluations increasingly go beyond a single success rate, reporting metrics such as cost, consistency, and robustness. Yet they typically treat th

AI-assisted mitotic counting improves reproducibility and efficiency across multiple tumour types

arXiv:2610.01813v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Mitotic counting is an important component of tumour grading, diagnosis and prognostic assessment across several tumour types, but manual assessment is

Are Frontier VLM Agents Ready to Be Robot Generalists? An Empirical Study with the Embodied Agent Arena

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ro

arXiv:2610.00854v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Frontier vision-language models (VLMs) combine scene estimation, interaction grounding, and executable actions. Understanding how these abilities suppor

Ask a Language Model for Lottery Numbers: Concentration in Repeated Six-of-49 Outputs

arXiv:2610.00052v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We evaluate six language-model configurations on requests for six distinct random integers from 1-49. Across 1,200 attempted calls using four English

AstroAgentBench: Evaluating Agentic Planning on Space Mission Planning Tasks

arXiv:2601.11354v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent LLM-for-Space systems address mission planning, scheduling, operations support, simulator control, and autonomy, but their evaluations use di

Asynchronous LLM Post-Training: Group-Mass Capping and Convergence Analysis

arXiv:2610.01896v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Asynchronous reinforcement learning (RL) improves the efficiency of large language model post-training but introduces stale rollouts generated by earl

Auditing Action Settlement in LLM Agent Environments: Order, Progress, and Replay

arXiv:2610.01138v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Concurrent actions in large language model (LLM) agent environments require arbitration even when each proposal is individually valid. We implement a ty

Tutorials

Backdoor Containment via Expert Quarantine and Shutdown in LLMs

arXiv:2610.00663v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Backdoored large language models (LLMs) can behave normally on benign inputs while producing attacker-specified outputs under hidden triggers. Existing

tutorialsarxiv-cs-ai

BudgetSchemaBench: A Budget-Swept Diagnostic for Schema Context in Text-to-SQL

arXiv:2610.00092v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Data agents over structured sources must fit database schema into the model's context window. Large catalogs can span many databases and thousands of

Capturing In-Context Learning Dynamics with Task Operators

arXiv:2610.01054v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In-context learning (ICL) enables language models to perform new tasks from demonstrations without weight updates. However, every ICL inference requir

CAVE-Mem: Boundary-Aware Experience Validation for Memory Search

arXiv:2610.00238v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Long-term memory agents increasingly rely on it- erative search and reusable experience to answer questions over large personal, factual, or narrative

CommunityKV: Efficient Long-Context Decoding via Graph Partitioning

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2610.00418v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Scaling Transformers to long contexts is constrained by the quadratic cost of self-attention and the linear growth of key-value cache memory transfer. S

Agents

Contingent Exposure Routing for Financial AI: Outage Risk and the Cost of Indivisible Decisions

arXiv:2610.00239v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Model failover restores availability, but changes which financial institutions share decision errors. We formulate outage-contingent routing through a l

agentsarxiv-cs-lg

Continuous Conditioning of VLAs with Augmenting EMG and Visual Task Descriptors

arXiv:2610.01794v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models rely strongly on language for describing task information, despite having multimodal inputs. We hypothesize that oth

researcharxiv-cs-cv

Detect, Explain, Interpret: An End-to-End Benchmark for Time Series Anomaly Detection, Explainability and Interpretability

arXiv:2610.01168v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Time Series Anomaly Detection has received increasing attention, driven by the growing availability of complex time series data. This surge has led to

Do Your Own Research: Learning to Forecast by Learning to Search

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2610.01955v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Outcome-based reinforcement learning can train language models to forecast real-world events, but prior forecasting work either freezes research context

DynamicVLA: A Vision-Language-Action Model for Dynamic Object Manipulation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2601.22153v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Manipulating dynamic objects remains an open challenge for Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models. Although recent VLAs generalize well in static

Ego2Act: Evaluating Goal-Directed Manipulation in Egocentric Video Generation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cv

arXiv:2610.01092v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Video generation models are increasingly being explored as world simulators for embodied planning and learning. To do so effectively, these models must

FairSSL: Fair Multimodal Self-Supervised Learning

arXiv:2508.16748v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Prevalent multimodal self-supervised learning (SSL) methods rely on the redundancy assumption: that different views share substantial task-rel

Feedback Without the Wait: Piloting a Generative AI Practice Platform in a Large Maths Class

arXiv:2610.01262v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Timely and specific feedback is one of the strongest influences on student learning, yet it is difficult to sustain in large electrical engineering clas

Finetuning with Sampling: SFT Learns Better Than You Think

arXiv:2610.02140v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Introducing new capabilities to frontier models has long been the goal of posttraining, which predominantly employs supervised finetuning (SFT) and re

Tutorials

FlashBack: Knowing When to Remember in Streaming Vision-Language Models

arXiv:2610.01192v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Streaming vision-language models must process continuously growing video streams under a bounded compute budget, creating a persistent tension between r

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cv

Applications

Foundations without Fundamentals: Zero-Shot Blind Spots in Time Series FMs

arXiv:2610.02058v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Despite the success of Time Series Foundation Models (TSFMs) on broad benchmarks, their ability to internalize basic temporal logic, especially in setti

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

From Discovery to Decision: Finite-Budget Recoverability in LLM Voting

arXiv:2610.01014v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Voting over multiple LLM responses is a common primitive in test-time scaling and ensemble inference. Collecting more responses can expand the candidate

Gacha Decoding: Eliciting Diverse Generations Through Instruction Following

arXiv:2610.01382v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce Gacha Decoding, an inference-time method for eliciting diverse language model generations that scales with model capability. Across open-en

Gestalt: Large Multimodal Interplay Model

arXiv:2610.00576v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In this paper, we propose Gestalt, a new paradigm of large multimodal model built around multimodal interplay. Despite rapid advances, large multimodal

safetyarxiv-cs-cv