Search: “safety”

As featured today by @FT’s Alphaville: “An entire industry is being propped up by math that is insane.” Available only at Marcus on AI, a “f…

Gary Marcus critiques fundamental mathematical or computational problems underlying an entire industry, suggesting widespread reliance on flawed or unsound methodologies. The commentary appears on Mar

Human

Content type

All Blog X Post Paper YouTube Reddit GitHub

Clear filters

Safety

Auditing Demographic Bias in Facial Landmark Detection for Fair Human-Robot Interaction

DGX agent

arXiv:2604.06961v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Fairness in human-robot interaction critically depends on the reliability of the perceptual models that enable robots to interpret human behavior. W

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

11 Jun 2026

Augmenting Molecular Language Models with Local n-gram Memory

arXiv:2606.12113v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Transformer-based language models for SMILES strings suffer from a locality gap: standard character-level tokenization fragments chemically meaningful

AVIS: Adaptive Test-Time Scaling for Vision-Language Models

arXiv:2606.11576v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Modern Vision-Language Models (VLMs) benefit from chain-of-thought prompting and test-time scaling, but these gains often come with prohibitive infere

Bad things apparently come in 4’s; tweet below must be updated with the breaking @wsj news that OpenAI is contemplating drastic price cuts, …

Bad things apparently come in 4’s; tweet below must be updated with the breaking @wsj news that OpenAI is contemplating drastic price cuts, which is surely a sign of weakness. So far today • Banks to

Beyond representational alignment with brain-guided language models for robust reasoning

arXiv:2606.11893v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The correspondence between large language models (LLMs) and the neural mechanisms underlying human higher-order cognition remains insufficiently chara

Beyond Third-Person Audits: Situated Interaction Auditing for User-Centered LLM Bias Research

arXiv:2606.12247v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Research on bias in large language models (LLMs) has predominantly focused on third-person audits, which study how models represent or evaluate demogr

Blind Dexterous Grasping via Real2Sim2Real Tactile Policy Learning

arXiv:2606.11767v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Blind grasping with a dexterous hand is a crucial manipulation capability. Nevertheless, learning such tactile-only policies for real robots remains c

🚨 Breaking neuroscience/evolution news! New Nature paper provides further evidence for a central hypothesis (with a long lineage) that I de…

🚨 Breaking neuroscience/evolution news! New Nature paper provides further evidence for a central hypothesis (with a long lineage) that I defended in my 2004 book, The Birth of the Mind: the evolutiona

Bridging Day and Night: Unsupervised Cross-Domain Re-Identification with Synergistic Prompt and Prototype Learning

arXiv:2606.12258v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Cross-domain day-night re-identification (ReID) is fundamentally challenged by the substantial visual appearance discrepancies between daytime and night

Called the LLM price wars – which are about to heat up — over two years ago. See especially predictions 3, 4, and 7, which laid out the no m…

Called the LLM price wars – which are about to heat up — over two years ago. See especially predictions 3, 4, and 7, which laid out the no moat, small profit, price war regime we have seen ever since.

Can AI Reason Like an Urban Planner? Benchmarking Large Language Models Against Professional Judgment

arXiv:2606.11678v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Problem, Research Strategy, and Findings: The rise of large language models (LLMs) raises a key question for urban planning: which forms of professional

Compatibility-Aware Dynamic Fine-Tuning for Large Language Models

arXiv:2606.11206v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) is the predominant paradigm for aligning large language models (LLMs), yet it suffers from optimization instability and lim

Corpus Augmentation for Sign Language Translation via LLM-Guided Video Stitching

arXiv:2606.11925v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Sign language translation (SLT) converts sign language video into spoken language text and holds significant promise for improving accessibility and ena

Critic Architecture Matters: Dual vs. Unified Critics for Humanoid Loco-Manipulation

arXiv:2606.11891v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multi-objective reinforcement learning for humanoid robots must coordinate locomotion and manipulation within a single policy. A natural design choice

DeMix: Debugging Training Data with Mixed Data Error Types by Investigating Influence Vectors

arXiv:2606.11616v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: High-quality training data is essential for the success of machine learning models. However, real-world datasets often contain mixed types of errors ari

Deterministic Policy Gradient for Learning Equilibrium in Time-Inconsistent Control Problems

arXiv:2606.11798v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In this paper, we develop a continuous-time model-free reinforcement learning algorithm to learn deterministic equilibrium policies in general time-in

DiffCold: A Diffusion-based Generative Model for Cold-Start Item Recommendation

arXiv:2606.12245v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Cold-start item recommendation remains a persistent challenge in real-world systems due to the absence of interaction histories. While prior models at

Diffusing to Coordinate: Efficient Online Multi-Agent Diffusion Policies

arXiv:2602.18291v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Online Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is a prominent framework for efficient agent coordination. Crucially, enhancing policy expressivene

Dynamic Execution Horizon Prediction for Chunk-based Robot Policies

arXiv:2606.11408v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Action chunking has become a standard design in modern robot policies, from diffusion/flow policies to vision-language-action models, where the policy p

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

End-to-End Machine Learning for Depressive State Classification via EEG and fNIRS

arXiv:2606.11555v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The escalating demand for mental healthcare, driven by rising societal stress, highlights the limitations of traditional psychiatric diagnostics. Conv

Energy-Conserved Neural Pipelines: Attenuating Error Propagation in Modular Neural Networks via Physical Conservation Constraints

arXiv:2606.11341v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Modular neural network pipelines suffer from error compounding: noise at any module boundary propagates and potentially amplifies through subsequent mod

Energy Use of AI Inference, Efficiency Pathways, and Test-Time Scaling

arXiv:2509.20241v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: As AI inference scales to billions of queries, estimates of per-query energy use are increasingly important for capacity planning, efficiency interv

Enhancing Spectral Embedding through Robust and Flexible Knowledge Transfer in Electronic Health Records

arXiv:2606.11570v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We propose a spectral-based, unsupervised representation learning framework to derive low-dimensional embeddings for clinical concepts and patients in

Evaluating Bias in Phoneme-Based Automatic Speech Recognition Systems: An Analysis of IPA Transcription Models

arXiv:2606.11639v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The popularization of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems has increased exploration of the demographic biases related to race, age, gender, and a

Existential Indifference: Self-Nonpreservation as a Necessary Architectural Condition for Aligned Superintelligence (or: The Suicidal AI)

arXiv:2606.12032v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Contemporary AI alignment research treats self-preservation as an instrumental nuisance to be suppressed by external mechanisms. We argue the framing is

External Experience Serving in Production LLM Systems: A Deployment-Oriented Study of Quality-Cost Trade-offs

arXiv:2606.11806v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Production LLM systems accumulate reusable operational experience, but the practical deployment issue is not merely whether such experience can help. It

FACTR 2: Learning External Force Sensing for Commodity Robot Arms Improves Policy Learning

arXiv:2606.12406v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Contact-rich manipulation requires force sensitivity, but many robot arms lack dedicated force sensors due to their high cost. We present Neural Exter

Fourier Features Let Agents Learn High Precision Policies with Imitation Learning

arXiv:2606.12334v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: High-precision robotic manipulation requires fine-grained spatial reasoning that is often difficult to achieve with RGB-only policies due to depth ambig

FreeBridge: Variational Schrodinger Bridges for Cellular Transition Dynamics

arXiv:2606.11286v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: High-content imaging assays quantify cellular responses to chemical and genetic perturbations, yet continuous trajectories of individual cells are uno

FreqKD: Frequency-Decoupled Cross-Modal Knowledge Distillation for Infrared Object Detection

arXiv:2606.11572v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Transfer learning from large-scale RGB foundation models to infrared (IR) imagery through knowledge distillation (KD) remains challenging due to fundame

From Architecture to Output: Structural Origins of Hallucination in Large Language Models and the Amplifying Role of Data

arXiv:2606.07537v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models hallucinate--producing fluent, confident, factually wrong outputs--with a consistency that persists across generations and scale

From Awareness to Action: Understanding and Overcoming the Research-Practice Gap in Algorithmic Fairness for Public Health

arXiv:2606.11214v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Algorithmic fairness is essential for responsible ML-driven public health research, yet its practical implementation remains limited. To investigate t

From Correspondence to Actions: Human-Like Multi-Image Spatial Reasoning in Multi-modal Large Language Models

arXiv:2602.08735v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: While multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have made substantial progress in single-image spatial reasoning, multi-image spatial reasoning, whic

From Explicit Elements to Implicit Intent: A Predefined Library for Auditable Behavioral Inference

arXiv:2606.11207v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present SemantiClean, a modular framework for extracting structured semantic signals from e-commerce session data and driving pluggable inference tar

Generalizing Beyond Suboptimality: Offline Reinforcement Learning Learns Effective Scheduling through Random Solutions

arXiv:2509.10303v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Online reinforcement learning (RL) approaches have demonstrated strong performance on Job Shop Scheduling (JSP) and Flexible JSP (FJSP) proble

Geometric bias in eigenspace perturbation under random heterogeneous noise

arXiv:2606.11263v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Spectral methods rely fundamentally on the stability of principal eigenspaces under random perturbations. Classically, this stability is quantified by

GLACIER: A Multimodal Student-Teacher Foundation Model for Molecular Property Prediction

arXiv:2606.11382v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Deep learning models facilitate the discovery of molecules with tailored properties among billions of candidate compounds. However, the computational bu

GPO: Learning from Critical Steps to Improve LLM Reasoning

arXiv:2509.16456v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in various domains, showing impressive potential on different tasks. Recently, reasoning LLMs hav

HERO: Hindsight-Enhanced Reflection from Environment Observations for Agentic Self-Distillation

arXiv:2606.11559v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning typically improves multi-turn agent capabilities through the terminal outcome of the trajectories, which makes it difficult to de

Hey Chat, Can You Teach Me? Structuring Socratic Dialogue for Human Learning in the Wild

arXiv:2606.11744v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models are now widely used for everyday learning, but the underlying interactions are typically unstructured chats rather than followin

Hot take on a bad day for OpenAI: WeWork’s IPO fell apart. I’ve been calling OpenAI the (possible) WeWork of AI for a long time. I will not …

Hot take on a bad day for OpenAI: WeWork’s IPO fell apart. I’ve been calling OpenAI the (possible) WeWork of AI for a long time. I will not be surprised if their IPO plans apart, too. Their apparent p

https://open.substack.com/pub/garymarcus/p/maybe-section-230-doesnt-shield-ai?r=8tdk6&utm_campaign=post&utm_medium=web&showWelcomeOnShare=tr…

Gary Marcus discusses whether Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act adequately protects AI systems and companies from legal liability, suggesting that existing protections may not fully apply

IAPO: Input Attribution-Aware Policy Optimization for Tool Use in Small Multimodal Agents

arXiv:2606.11652v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper investigates reinforcement learning (RL) methods for improving tool-calling capabilities in multimodal small language model (SLM) agents. Whi

If OpenAI fails, will you be sad?

Gary Marcus poses a philosophical question about emotional attachment to AI companies, likely exploring whether people have genuine emotional stakes in the success or failure of specific AI organizati

Illumination-Robust Camera-Based Heart-Rate Estimation for Physiological Sensing in Robots

arXiv:2606.12378v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Physiological awareness is important for service, social, and assistive robots that interact with humans in everyday environments. Remote photoplethys

Implicit Neural Representations of Individual Behavior

arXiv:2606.12200v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We study policy representation learning from unlabeled multi-policy behavioral data. Each episode is generated by a fixed policy, but policy labels ar

Improving Generalization and Data Efficiency with Diffusion in Offline Multi-agent RL

arXiv:2307.01472v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We present a novel Diffusion Offline Multi-agent Model (DOM2) for offline Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL). Different from existing algorit