Search: “safety”

Heterogeneous Adaptive Policy Optimization: Tailoring Optimization to Every Token's Nature

arXiv:2509.16591v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Using entropy as a measure of heterogeneity to guide optimization has emerged as a crucial research direction in Reinforcement Learning for LLMs. Ho

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Hierarchical Multi-Persona Induction from User Behavioral Logs: Learning Evidence-Grounded and Truthful Personas

DGX agent

arXiv:2604.26120v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Behavioral logs provide rich signals for user modeling, but are noisy and interleaved across diverse intents. Recent work uses LLMs to generate interpre

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

30 Apr 2026

HiPAN: Hierarchical Posture-Adaptive Navigation for Quadruped Robots in Unstructured 3D Environments

arXiv:2604.26504v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Navigating quadruped robots in unstructured 3D environments poses significant challenges, requiring goal-directed motion, effective exploration to escap

Inference-Time Scaling of Verification: Self-Evolving Deep Research Agents via Test-Time Rubric-Guided Verification

arXiv:2601.15808v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent advances in Deep Research Agents (DRAs) are transforming automated knowledge discovery and problem-solving. While the majority of existing ef

Learning Vision-Based Omnidirectional Navigation: A Teacher-Student Approach Using Monocular Depth Estimation

arXiv:2603.01999v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reliable obstacle avoidance in industrial settings demands 3D scene understanding, but widely used 2D LiDAR sensors perceive only a single hor

Lifting Embodied World Models for Planning and Control

arXiv:2604.26182v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: World models of embodied agents predict future observations conditioned on an action taken by the agent. For complex embodiments, action spaces are hi

Lights Out: A Nighttime UAV Localization Framework Using Thermal Imagery and Semantic 3D Maps

arXiv:2604.26201v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reliable backup localization for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) operating in GNSS-denied nighttime conditions remains an open challenge due to the seve

Mapping the maturation of TCM as an adjuvant to radiotherapy

arXiv:2601.11923v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The integration of complementary medicine into oncology represents a paradigm shift that has seen to increasing adoption of Traditional Chinese Medi

MedSynapse-V: Bridging Visual Perception and Clinical Intuition via Latent Memory Evolution

arXiv:2604.26283v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: High-precision medical diagnosis relies not only on static imaging features but also on the implicit diagnostic memory experts instantly invoke during

Mini-Batch Class Composition Bias in Link Prediction

arXiv:2604.25978v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Prior work on node classification has shown that Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) can learn representations that transfer across graphs, when underlying g

MINOS: A Multimodal Evaluation Model for Bidirectional Generation Between Image and Text

arXiv:2506.02494v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Evaluation is important for multimodal generation tasks, while traditional multimodal evaluation metrics suffer from several limitations. With

Near-Optimal Cryptographic Hardness of Learning With Homogeneous Halfspaces Under Gaussian Marginals

arXiv:2604.26446v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We study three problems that involve identifying homogeneous halfspaces under Gaussian distributions: agnostic learning, one-sided reliable learning, an

Operating-Layer Controls for Onchain Language-Model Agents Under Real Capital

arXiv:2604.26091v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We study reliability in autonomous language-model agents that translate user mandates into validated tool actions under real capital. The setting is DX

OT Score: An OT based Confidence Score for Prototype-Assisted Source Free Unsupervised Domain Adaptation

arXiv:2505.11669v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We address the computational and theoretical limitations of current distributional alignment methods for source-free unsupervised domain adapt

PAINT: Partial-Solution Adaptive Interpolated Training for Self-Distilled Reasoners

arXiv:2604.26573v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Improving large language model (LLM) reasoning requires supervision that is both aligned with the model's own test-time states and informative at the to

PBiLoss: Popularity-Aware Regularization to Improve Fairness in Graph-Based Recommender Systems

arXiv:2507.19067v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recommender systems based on graph neural networks (GNNs) have been proved to perform well on user-item interactions. However, they commonly s

Probe-then-Plan: Environment-Aware Planning for Industrial E-commerce Search

arXiv:2603.15262v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Modern e-commerce search is evolving to resolve complex user intents. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer strong reasoning, existing LLM-based

R2RGEN: Real-to-Real 3D Data Generation for Spatially Generalized Manipulation

arXiv:2510.08547v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Towards the aim of generalized robotic manipulation, spatial generalization is the most fundamental capability that requires the policy to wor

Robust Alignment: Harmonizing Clean Accuracy and Adversarial Robustness in Adversarial Training

arXiv:2604.26496v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Adversarial Training (AT) is one of the most effective methods for developing robust deep neural networks (DNNs). However, AT faces a trade-off problem

SD2AIL: Adversarial Imitation Learning from Synthetic Demonstrations via Diffusion Models

arXiv:2512.18583v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Adversarial Imitation Learning (AIL) is a dominant framework in imitation learning that infers rewards from expert demonstrations to guide policy op

Seeking Consensus: Geometric-Semantic On-the-Fly Recalibration for Open-Vocabulary Remote Sensing Semantic Segmentation

arXiv:2604.26221v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Open-vocabulary semantic segmentation (OVSS) in remote sensing images is a promising task that employs textual descriptions for identifying undefined

Sociodemographic Biases in Educational Counselling by Large Language Models

arXiv:2604.25932v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into educational settings, understanding their potential biases is critical. This study ex

STARRY: Spatial-Temporal Action-Centric World Modeling for Robotic Manipulation

arXiv:2604.26848v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Robotic manipulation critically requires reasoning about future spatial-temporal interactions, yet existing VLA policies and world-model-enhanced polici

Student Guides Teacher: Weak-to-Strong Inference via Spectral Orthogonal Exploration

arXiv:2601.06160v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) often suffer from ''Reasoning Collapse'' on challenging mathematical reasoning tasks, where stochastic sampling produce

Talent or Luck? Evaluating Attribution Bias in Large Language Models

arXiv:2505.22910v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: When a student fails an exam, do we tend to blame their effort or the test's difficulty? Attribution, defined as how reasons are assigned to event o

Teaching LLM to be Persuasive: Reward-Enhanced Policy Optimization for Alignment from Heterogeneous Rewards

arXiv:2510.04214v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We deploy large language models (LLMs) as business development (BD) agents for persuasive price negotiation in online travel agencies (OTAs). The ag

Text Style Transfer with Machine Translation for Graphic Designs

arXiv:2604.26361v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Globalization of graphic designs such as those used in marketing materials and magazines is increasingly important for communication to broad audience

The False Resonance: A Critical Examination of Emotion Embedding Similarity for Speech Generation Evaluation

arXiv:2604.26347v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Objective metrics for emotional expressiveness are vital for speech generation, particularly in expressive synthesis and voice conversion requiring em

Topology-Aware Representation Alignment for Semi-Supervised Vision-Language Learning

arXiv:2604.26370v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-language models have shown strong performance, but they often generalize poorly to specialized domains. While semi-supervised vision-language lea

Translating Under Pressure: Domain-Aware LLMs for Crisis Communication

arXiv:2604.26597v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Timely and reliable multilingual communication is critical during natural and human-induced disasters, but developing effective solutions for crisis c

Uncertainty-Aware Reward Discounting for Mitigating Reward Hacking

arXiv:2604.26360v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) systems typically optimize scalar reward functions that assume precise and reliable evaluation of outcomes. However, real-

Verified Critical Step Optimization for LLM Agents

arXiv:2602.03412v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: As large language model agents tackle increasingly complex long-horizon tasks, effective post-training becomes critical. Prior work faces fundamenta

Vibe Check: Understanding the Effects of LLM-Based Conversational Agents' Personality and Alignment on User Perceptions in Goal-Oriented Tasks

arXiv:2509.09870v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) enable conversational agents (CAs) to express distinctive personalities, raising new questions about how such des

ViBE: Visual-to-M/EEG Brain Encoding via Spatio-Temporal VAE and Distribution-Aligned Projection

arXiv:2604.26218v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Brain encoding models not only serve to decipher how visual stimuli are transformed into neural responses, but also represent a critical step toward vis

ViTaPEs: Visuotactile Position Encodings for Cross-Modal Alignment in Multimodal Transformers

arXiv:2505.20032v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Tactile sensing provides local essential information that is complementary to visual perception, such as texture, compliance, and force. Despite rec

What Kind of Language is Easy to Language-Model Under Curriculum Learning?

arXiv:2604.26844v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Many of the thousands of attested languages share common configurations of features, creating a spectrum from typologically very rare (e.g., object-verb

When Annotators Disagree, Topology Explains: Mapper, a Topological Tool for Exploring Text Embedding Geometry and Ambiguity

arXiv:2510.17548v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Language models are often evaluated with scalar metrics like accuracy, but such measures fail to capture how models internally represent ambiguity,

A Blueprint for AI-Driven Software Quality: Integrating LLMs with Established Standards

arXiv:2505.13766v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Software Quality Assurance (SQA) is critical for delivering reliable, secure, and efficient software products. The Software Quality Assurance

A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach to Automated Stock Trading, using xLSTM Networks

arXiv:2503.09655v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Traditional Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks are effective for handling sequential data but have limitations such as gradient vanishing

A Systematic Post-Train Framework for Video Generation

arXiv:2604.25427v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While large-scale video diffusion models have demonstrated impressive capabilities in generating high-resolution and semantically rich content, a signif

ANCHOR: A Physically Grounded Closed-Loop Framework for Robust Home-Service Mobile Manipulation

arXiv:2604.25323v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advances in open-vocabulary mobile manipulation have brought robots into real domestic environments. In such settings, reliable long-horizon exec

Beyond Accuracy: Benchmarking Cross-Task Consistency in Unified Multimodal Models

arXiv:2604.25072v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Unified Multimodal Models (uMMs) aim to support both visual understanding and visual generation within a shared representation. However, existing evalua

Model Releases

Beyond I'm Sorry, I Can't: Dissecting Large Language Model Refusal

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2509.09708v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Refusal on harmful prompts is a key safety behaviour in instruction-tuned large language models (LLMs), yet the internal causes of this behaviour re

Carbon-Taxed Transformers: A Green Compression Pipeline for Overgrown Language Models

arXiv:2604.25903v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The accelerating adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) in software engineering (SE) has brought with it a silent crisis: unsustainable computationa

CHUCKLE -- When Humans Teach AI To Learn Emotions The Easy Way

arXiv:2510.09382v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Curriculum learning (CL) structures training from simple to complex samples, facilitating progressive learning. However, existing CL approaches for

Compute Aligned Training: Optimizing for Test Time Inference

arXiv:2604.24957v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Scaling test-time compute has emerged as a powerful mechanism for enhancing Large Language Model (LLM) performance. However, standard post-training para

Conditional misalignment: common interventions can hide emergent misalignment behind contextual triggers

arXiv:2604.25891v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Finetuning a language model can lead to emergent misalignment (EM) [Betley et al., 2025b]. Models trained on a narrow distribution of misaligned behavio

CORAL: Adaptive Retrieval Loop for Culturally-Aligned Multilingual RAG

arXiv:2604.25676v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multilingual retrieval-augmented generation (mRAG) is often implemented within a fixed retrieval space, typically via query or document translation or m