Search: “research”

PLACO: A Multi-Stage Framework for Cost-Effective Performance in Human-AI Teams

arXiv:2605.08388v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Human-AI teams play a pivotal role in improving overall system performance when neither the human nor the model can achieve such performance on their ow

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Positive Alignment: Artificial Intelligence for Human Flourishing

DGX agent

arXiv:2605.10310v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Existing alignment research is dominated by concerns about safety and preventing harm: safeguards, controllability, and compliance. This paradigm of ali

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

12 May 2026

Post-hoc Selective Classification for Reliable Synthetic Image Detection

arXiv:2605.08574v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As synthetic images become increasingly realistic, reliable synthetic image detection techniques are of pressing need to prevent their misuse. Despite s

PowerStep: Memory-Efficient Adaptive Optimization via ell_p-Norm Steepest Descent

arXiv:2605.10335v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Adaptive optimizers, most notably Adam, have become the default standard for training large-scale neural networks such as Transformers. These methods

Practical Scaling Laws: Converting Compute into Performance in a Data-Constrained World

arXiv:2605.09189v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The scaling laws guiding modern model training were calibrated for a single regime: data-rich, single-epoch pretraining. The dominant such scaling law f

Practical Wi-Fi-based Motion Recognition Under Variable Traffic Patterns

arXiv:2605.08308v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Wi-Fi sensing detects human motions and activities by analysing the channel state information (CSI) derived from Wi-Fi transmissions. However, the imp

Predicting Large Model Test Losses with a Noisy Quadratic System

arXiv:2605.09154v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce a predictive model that estimates the pre-training loss of large models from model size (N), batch size (B) and number of weight updates (K

Predicting Plasticity in Deep Continual Learning: A Theoretical Perspective

arXiv:2605.09044v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Deep continual learning requires models to adapt to new tasks without retraining from scratch. However, neural networks can lose their ability to adapt

Predictive Radiomics for Evaluation of Cancer Immune SignaturE in Glioblastoma: the PRECISE-GBM study

arXiv:2605.10278v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Background: Radiogenomics allows identification of radiological biomarkers for genomic phenotypes. In glioblastoma, these biomarkers could potentially c

Price of Quality: Sufficient Conditions for Sparse Recovery using Mixed-Quality Data

arXiv:2605.10713v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We study sparse recovery when observations come from mixed-quality sources: a small collection of high-quality measurements with small noise variance

Private Vertical Federated Inference for Time-Series

arXiv:2605.08343v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Institutions may benefit from collaborative inference on time-series data. In settings where privacy is necessary, multi-party computation (MPC) is a st

Probability-Flow Distillation: Exact Wasserstein Gradient Flow for High-Fidelity 3D Generation

arXiv:2605.09071v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Score Distillation Sampling (SDS) and its variants have been widely used for text-to-3D generation by distilling 2D image diffusion priors. However, the

Probing Cross-modal Information Hubs in Audio-Visual LLMs

arXiv:2605.10815v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Audio-visual large language models (AVLLMs) have recently emerged as a powerful architecture capable of jointly reasoning over audio, visual, and textua

Probing Routing-Conditional Calibration in Attention-Residual Transformers

arXiv:2605.09850v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Post-hoc calibration is usually evaluated as a function of logits or softmax confidence alone, even as routing-augmented architectures increasingly ac

ProDG: Prototypes for Data-Free Generative Post-Hoc Explainability

arXiv:2605.08858v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Ante-hoc interpretability methods based on prototypes provide highly accurate explanations by utilizing the intuitive 'this looks like that' reasoning p

Progressive Photorealistic Simplification

arXiv:2605.10409v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Existing image simplification techniques often rely on Non-Photorealistic Rendering (NPR), transforming photographs into stylized sketches, cartoons, or

Projection-Free Functional Constrained Optimization for Risk Aversion and Sparsity Control

arXiv:2210.05108v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We study projection-free methods for functional constrained optimization with convex or smooth nonconvex objectives. Such problems arise in ap

PromptDx: Differentiable Prompt Tuning for Multimodal In-Context Alzheimer's Diagnosis

arXiv:2605.08585v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Deep learning models in medical imaging typically operate as parametric memory, diagnosing patients by recalling fixed knowledge learned during traini

Prophecy: Inferring Formal Properties from Neuron Activations

arXiv:2509.21677v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We present Prophecy, a tool for automatically inferring formal properties of feed-forward neural networks. Prophecy is based on the observation that

Provable Anytime Ensemble Sampling Algorithms in Nonlinear Contextual Bandits

arXiv:2510.10730v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We provide a unified algorithmic framework for ensemble sampling in nonlinear contextual bandits and develop corresponding regret bounds for t

Provable Sparse Inversion and Token Relabel Enhanced One-shot Federated Learning with ViTs

arXiv:2605.10748v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: One-Shot Federated Learning, where a central server learns a global model in a single communication round, has emerged as a promising paradigm. Howeve

QT-Net: Rethinking Evaluation of AI Models in Atomic Chemical Space

arXiv:2605.10458v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Atomic properties such as partial charges or multipoles encode chemically meaningful information that can inform downstream molecular property predictio

Quantitative Clustering in Mean-Field Transformer Models

arXiv:2504.14697v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The evolution of tokens through deep transformer models can be modeled as an interacting particle system that has been shown to exhibit an asymptoti

Quantitative Error Feedback for Quantization Noise Reduction of Filtering over Graphs

arXiv:2506.01404v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: This paper introduces an innovative error feedback framework designed to mitigate quantization noise in distributed graph filtering, where communica

Quantitative Local Convergence of Mean-Field Stein Variational Gradient Flow

arXiv:2605.09456v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Stein Variational Gradient Descent (SVGD) is a deterministic interacting-particle method for sampling from a target probability measure given access t

Quantum Transfer Learning Shows Improved Robustness in Low-Data Regimes

arXiv:2605.09118v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Transfer learning under limited data is a challenging setting, where models must adapt to new tasks with minimal supervision. Prior work has primarily

QueST: Persistent Queries as Semantic Monitors for Drift Suppression in Long-Horizon Tracking

arXiv:2605.09513v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Tracking points in videos is typically formulated as frame-to-frame correspondence, where each point is matched locally to the next frame. While this wo

Radar-Guided Polynomial Fitting for Metric Depth Estimation

arXiv:2503.17182v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We propose POLAR, a novel radar-guided depth estimation method that introduces polynomial fitting to efficiently transform scaleless depth predictio

Randomized PCA Forest for Unsupervised Outlier Detection

arXiv:2508.12776v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We propose a novel unsupervised outlier detection method based on Randomized Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Motivated by the performance

Rapid Forest Fuel Load Estimation via Virtual Remote Sensing and Metric-Scale Feed-Forward 3D Reconstruction

arXiv:2605.10789v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Accurate quantification of forest coverage and combustible biomass (fuel load) is critical for wildfire risk assessment and ecosystem management. Howeve

Raster2Seq: Polygon Sequence Generation for Floorplan Reconstruction

arXiv:2602.09016v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reconstructing a structured vector-graphics representation from a rasterized floorplan image is typically an important prerequisite for computationa

Raymoval: Raycasting-based Dynamic Object Removal for Static 3D Mapping

arXiv:2605.08937v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Static mapping is fundamental to robot navigation, providing a persistent geometric prior and a consistent reference for long-term autonomy. However, dy

researcharxiv-cs-ro

RDKV: Rate-Distortion Bit Allocation for Joint Eviction and Quantization of the KV Cache

arXiv:2605.08317v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have shown strong performance across diverse tasks, but their inference with long input contexts is bottlenecked by memor

Model Releases

Real vs. Semi-Simulated: Rethinking Evaluation for Treatment Effect Estimation

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ai

arXiv:2605.10430v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Estimating heterogeneous treatment effects with machine learning has attracted substantial attention in both academic research and industrial practice

Reasoning-Aware Training for Time Series Forecasting

arXiv:2605.08625v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Time Series Foundation Models (TSFMs) excel at numerical forecasting but operate as black boxes lacking qualitative reasoning. Conversely, applying LL

Rebellious Student: Reversing Teacher Signals for Reasoning Exploration with Self-Distilled RLVR

arXiv:2605.10781v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Self-distillation has emerged as a powerful framework for post-training LLMs, where a teacher conditioned on extra information guides a student withou

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Reconciling Consistency-Based Diagnosis with Actual-Causality-Based Explanations

arXiv:2605.08688v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We establish, from the point of view of Explainable AI (XAI), connections between Consistency-Based Diagnosis (CBD), on one side, and Actual Causality a

Reconfigurable Computing Challenge: Real-Time Graph Neural Networks for Online Event Selection in Big Science

arXiv:2605.10612v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Graph neural networks are increasingly adopted in trigger systems for collider experiments, where strict latency and throughput constraints render dep

Reducing Annotation Burden for Femoral Cartilage Segmentation in Knee MRI via Cross-Sequence Transfer Learning

arXiv:2605.09067v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Purpose: To develop and evaluate cross-sequence transfer learning for automatic femoral cartilage segmentation, testing bidirectional transfer between d

Region Seeding via Pre-Activation Regularization: A Geometric View of Piecewise Affine Neural Networks

arXiv:2605.06300v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Deep networks with continuous piecewise affine activations induce polyhedral partitions of the input space, making the number of realized affine reg

Regret Analysis of Guided Diffusion for Black-Box Optimization over Structured Inputs

arXiv:2605.10385v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Guided-diffusion black-box optimization (BO) has shown strong empirical performance on structured design problems such as molecules and crystals, but

Regret Minimization in Bilateral Trade With Perturbed Markets

arXiv:2605.10475v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We address the problem of maximizing Gain from Trade (GFT) in repeated buyer-seller exchanges subject to global budget balance constraints. While this

Reinforce Adjoint Matching: Scaling RL Post-Training of Diffusion and Flow-Matching Models

arXiv:2605.10759v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Diffusion and flow-matching models scale because pretraining is supervised regression: a clean sample is noised analytically, and a model regresses ag

RelFlexformer: Efficient Attention 3D-Transformers for Integrable Relative Positional Encodings

arXiv:2605.10706v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present a new class of efficient attention mechanisms applying universal 3D Relative Positional Encoding (RPE) methods given by arbitrary integrable

ReLibra: Routing-Replay-Guided Load Balancing for MoE Training in Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2605.08639v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Load imbalance is a long-standing challenge in Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) training and is exacerbated in reinforcement learning (RL) for LLMs, where hot e

Remix the Timbre: Diffusion-Based Style Transfer Across Polyphonic Stems

arXiv:2605.09259v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Timbre transfer aims to modify the timbral identity of a musical recording while preserving the original melody and rhythm. While single-instrument ti

Representative Action Selection for Large Action Space Bandit Families

arXiv:2505.18269v5 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We study the problem of selecting a subset from a large action space shared by a family of bandits. In many natural situations, while the nominal se

Resource-Aware Evolutionary Neural Architecture Search for Cardiac MRI Segmentation

arXiv:2605.08238v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) segmentation underpins quantitative assessment of ventricular structure and function, yet reliable delineation remain