Search: “evaluation”

How Non-Linguistic Is the Indus Sign System? A Synthetic-Baseline Scorecard

arXiv:2604.17828v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Whether the Indus Valley sign system (c. 2600-1900 BCE) encodes spoken language has been debated for decades. This paper introduces a multi-metric discr

applicationsarxiv-cs-cl

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How to Approximate Inference with Subtractive Mixture Models

DGX agent

arXiv:2604.16714v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Classical mixture models (MMs) are widely used tractable proposals for approximate inference settings such as variational inference (VI) and importance

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

21 Apr 2026

Agents

Human Cognition in Machines: A Unified Perspective of World Models

arXiv:2604.16592v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This comprehensive report distinguishes prior works by the cognitive functions they innovate. Many works claim an almost 'human-like' cognitive capabi

agentsarxiv-cs-cv

Hybrid-Vector Retrieval for Visually Rich Documents: Combining Single-Vector Efficiency and Multi-Vector Accuracy

arXiv:2510.22215v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Retrieval over visually rich documents is essential for tasks such as legal discovery, scientific search, and enterprise knowledge management.

HyKey: Hyperspectral Keypoint Detection and Matching in Minimally Invasive Surgery

arXiv:2604.17446v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Purpose: 3D reconstruction in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) enables enhanced surgical guidance through improved visualisation, tool tracking, and aug

IMA-MoE: An Interpretable Modality-Aware Mixture-of-Experts Framework for Characterizing the Neurobiological Signatures of Binge Eating Disorder

arXiv:2604.17028v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Binge eating disorder (BED) is the most prevalent eating disorder. However, current diagnostic frameworks remain largely grounded in symptom-based crite

Implicit neural representations as a coordinate-based framework for continuous environmental field reconstruction from sparse ecological observations

arXiv:2604.18083v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reconstructing continuous environmental fields from sparse and irregular observations remains a central challenge in environmental modelling and biodive

Improving Dynamic Object Interactions in Text-to-Video Generation with AI Feedback

arXiv:2412.02617v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large text-to-video models hold immense potential for a wide range of downstream applications. However, they struggle to accurately depict dyn

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

In Situ Training of Implicit Neural Compressors for Scientific Simulations via Sketch-Based Regularization

arXiv:2511.02659v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Focusing on implicit neural representations, we present a novel in situ training protocol that employs limited memory buffers of full and sketched d

Incentivizing Parametric Knowledge via Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards for Cross-Cultural Entity Translation

arXiv:2604.16881v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Cross-cultural entity translation remains challenging for large language models (LLMs) as literal or phonetic renderings are usually yielded instead of

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Incoherent Deformation, Not Capacity: Diagnosing and Mitigating Overfitting in Dynamic Gaussian Splatting

arXiv:2604.16747v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Dynamic 3D Gaussian Splatting methods achieve strong training-view PSNR on monocular video but generalize poorly: on the D-NeRF benchmark we measure an

Inference-Time Temporal Probability Smoothing for Stable Video Segmentation with SAM2 under Weak Prompts

arXiv:2604.17115v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Interactive video segmentation models such as SAM2 have demonstrated strong generalization across diverse visual domains. However, under weak user super

Instinct vs. Reflection: Unifying Token and Verbalized Confidence in Multimodal Large Models

arXiv:2604.17274v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in various perception and reasoning tasks. Despite this success, ens

safetyarxiv-cs-cv

Integrating Feature Selection and Machine Learning for Nitrogen Assessment in Grapevine Leaves using In-Field Hyperspectral Imaging

arXiv:2507.17869v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Nitrogen (N) is one of the most critical nutrients in winegrape production, influencing vine vigor, fruit composition, and wine quality. Becau

applicationsarxiv-cs-cv

Inter-Agent Relative Representations for Multi-Agent Option Discovery

arXiv:2512.24827v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Temporally extended actions improve the ability to explore and plan in single-agent settings. In multi-agent settings, the exponential growth of the

Introducing the O-Value: A Universal Standardization for Confusion-Matrix-Based Classification Performance Metrics

arXiv:2505.07033v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Many classification performance metrics exist, each suited to a specific application. However, these metrics often differ in scale and can exh

iPhoneme: Brain-to-Text Communication for ALS Using ConformerXL Decoding

arXiv:2604.16441v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) for speech restoration hold transformative potential for the approximately 173,000--232,500 individuals worldwide wit

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Agents

Is Agentic RAG worth it? An experimental comparison of RAG approaches

arXiv:2601.07711v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems are usually defined by the combination of a generator and a retrieval component that extracts textual c

agentsarxiv-cs-cl

Jailbreaking Large Language Models with Morality Attacks

arXiv:2604.17053v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Pluralism alignment with AI has the sophisticated and necessary goal of creating AI that can coexist with and serve morally multifaceted humanity. Resea

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Judge a Book by its Cover: Investigating Multi-Modal LLMs for Multi-Page Handwritten Document Transcription

arXiv:2502.20295v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Handwriting text recognition (HTR) remains a challenging task. Existing approaches require fine-tuning on labeled data, which is impractical t

KaLDeX: Kalman Filter based Linear Deformable Cross Attention for Retina Vessel Segmentation

arXiv:2410.21160v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Background and Objective: In the realm of ophthalmic imaging, accurate vascular segmentation is paramount for diagnosing and managing various

Kimi K2.6 has captured #1 on the open-weight Vals Index, and is #7 overall.

model-releaseskimi-moonshot--x

Kimi K2.6, a language model developed by Moonshot AI, has achieved the top ranking on the open-weight category of the Vals Index benchmark, while placing 7th overall across all model categories. The V

KIRA: Knowledge-Intensive Image Retrieval and Reasoning Architecture for Specialized Visual Domains

arXiv:2604.16915v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) has transformed text based question answering, yet its extension to visual domains remains hindered by fundamental

Knowledge without Wisdom: Measuring Misalignment between LLMs and Intended Impact

model-releasesarxiv-cs-lg

arXiv:2603.00883v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: LLMs increasingly excel on AI benchmarks, but doing so does not guarantee validity for downstream tasks. This study contrasts LLM alignment on bench

Learning-Based Sparsification of Dynamic Graphs in Robotic Exploration Algorithms

arXiv:2604.16509v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Many robotic exploration algorithms rely on graph structures for frontier-based exploration and dynamic path planning. However, these graphs grow rapi

Learning from Less: Measuring the Effectiveness of RLVR in Low Data and Compute Regimes

arXiv:2604.18381v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) typically relies on large quantities of high-quality annotated data, or questions with well-defined ground tr

Learning the Riccati solution operator for time-varying LQR via Deep Operator Networks

arXiv:2604.18507v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We propose a computational framework for replacing the repeated numerical solution of differential Riccati equations in finite-horizon Linear Quadrati

Learning to Control Summaries with Score Ranking

arXiv:2604.17197v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advances in summarization research focus on improving summary quality across multiple criteria, such as completeness, conciseness, and faithfulne

Learning to Retrieve User History and Generate User Profiles for Personalized Persuasiveness Prediction

arXiv:2601.05654v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Estimating the persuasiveness of messages is critical in various applications, from recommender systems to safety assessment of LLMs. While it is im

Local Ai

Learning to Seek Help: Dynamic Collaboration Between Small and Large Language Models

arXiv:2604.17827v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) offer strong capabilities but raise cost and privacy concerns, whereas small language models (SLMs) facilitate efficient an

local-aiarxiv-cs-cl

Let's talk parsing charts 📊📈. Last week we released ParseBench, the first document OCR benchmark for AI agents. New in ParseBench: ChartDa…

model-releasesjerry-liu--x

Let's talk parsing charts 📊📈. Last week we released ParseBench, the first document OCR benchmark for AI agents. New in ParseBench: ChartDataPointMatch. Most document look at a chart and OCR the captio

Leveraging Kernel Symmetry for Joint Compression and Error Mitigation in Edge Model Transfer

arXiv:2604.17371v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This paper investigates communication-efficient neural network transmission by exploiting structured symmetry constraints in convolutional kernels. In

Leveraging VR Robot Games to Facilitate Data Collection for Embodied Intelligence Tasks

arXiv:2604.16903v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Collecting embodied interaction data at scale remains costly and difficult due to the limited accessibility of conventional interfaces. We present a gam

researcharxiv-cs-ro

LexRel: Benchmarking Legal Relation Extraction for Chinese Civil Cases

arXiv:2512.12643v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Legal relations serve as an important analytical framework for dispute resolution in civil cases. However, legal relations in Chinese civil cases re

LiFT: Does Instruction Fine-Tuning Improve In-Context Learning for Longitudinal Modelling by Large Language Models?

arXiv:2604.16382v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Longitudinal NLP tasks require reasoning over temporally ordered text to detect persistence and change in human behavior and opinions. However, in-conte

LiquidTAD: An Efficient Method for Temporal Action Detection via Liquid Neural Dynamics

arXiv:2604.18274v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Temporal Action Detection (TAD) in untrimmed videos is currently dominated by Transformer-based architectures. While high-performing, their quadratic co

LIVE: Leveraging Image Manipulation Priors for Instruction-based Video Editing

arXiv:2604.17021v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Video editing aims to modify input videos according to user intent. Recently, end-to-end training methods have garnered widespread attention, constructi

LiveGraph: Active-Structure Neural Re-ranking for Exercise Recommendation

arXiv:2602.17036v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The continuous expansion of digital learning environments has catalyzed the demand for intelligent systems capable of providing personalized e

LLM-AUG: Robust Wireless Data Augmentation with In-Context Learning in Large Language Models

arXiv:2604.17770v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Data scarcity remains a fundamental bottleneck in applying deep learning to wireless communication problems, particularly in scenarios where collecting

Local learning for stable backpropagation-free neural network training towards physical learning

arXiv:2603.24790v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: While backpropagation and automatic differentiation have driven deep learning's success, the physical limits of chip manufacturing and rising enviro

Logit Arithmetic Elicits Long Reasoning Capabilities Without Training

arXiv:2510.09354v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large reasoning models exhibit long chain-of-thought reasoning with complex strategies such as backtracking and self-verification. Yet, these capabi

Long-Text-to-Image Generation via Compositional Prompt Decomposition

arXiv:2604.18258v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While modern text-to-image (T2I) models excel at generating images from intricate prompts, they struggle to capture the key details when the inputs are

Low Light Image Enhancement Challenge at NTIRE 2026

arXiv:2604.17669v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper presents a comprehensive review of the NTIRE 2026 Low Light Image Enhancement Challenge, highlighting the proposed solutions and final result

Macaron: Controlled, Human-Written Benchmark for Multilingual and Multicultural Reasoning via Template-Filling

arXiv:2602.10732v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Multilingual benchmarks rarely test reasoning over culturally grounded premises: translated datasets keep English-centric scenarios, while culture-f

Marrying Text-to-Motion Generation with Skeleton-Based Action Recognition

arXiv:2604.17090v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Human action recognition and motion generation are two active research problems in human-centric computer vision, both aiming to align motion with textu

MASPO: Unifying Gradient Utilization, Probability Mass, and Signal Reliability for Robust and Sample-Efficient LLM Reasoning

arXiv:2602.17550v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Existing Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) algorithms, such as GRPO, rely on rigid, uniform, and symmetric trust region mechanis

MathFlow: Enhancing the Perceptual Flow of MLLMs for Visual Mathematical Problems

arXiv:2503.16549v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Despite strong results on many tasks, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) still underperform on visual mathematical problem solving, especially

Medical thinking with multiple images

arXiv:2604.16506v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models perform well on many medical QA benchmarks, but real clinical reasoning often requires integrating evidence across multiple imag