Now introducing Gemini Enterprise for Legal
Few professions are as exacting as the practice of law. A team reviewing a contract or building a case works inside strictly privileged information, firm-specific playbooks, and a body of law that cha
Knowledge catalogue
Few professions are as exacting as the practice of law. A team reviewing a contract or building a case works inside strictly privileged information, firm-specific playbooks, and a body of law that cha
arXiv:2605.29738v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Legal NLP benchmarks overwhelmingly evaluate a single language or aggregate tasks that differ fundamentally across jurisdictions, making cross-lingual
arXiv:2605.29170v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Legal NLP benchmarks are overwhelmingly English-centric, leaving failure modes in morphologically rich, non-Latin-script languages undetected. We intr
arXiv:2604.23779v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The semantic gap between colloquial user queries and professional legal documents presents a fundamental challenge in Legal Case Retrieval (LCR). Exis
arXiv:2608.01292v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Legal reasoning is inherently jurisdiction-dependent: the same facts can call for different legal rules and yield different conclusions across legal sys
arXiv:2610.00609v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Legal research is a core and time-consuming legal workflow. Lawyers must identify controlling authority, verify that it remains valid, reconcile statute
arXiv:2610.00087v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The advancement of natural language processing (NLP) has expanded AI-based text classification in the legal domain. However, accurately classifying le
arXiv:2604.09069v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Court Judgment Prediction and Explanation (CJPE) aims to predict a judicial decision and provide a legally grounded explanation for a given case based
MistralAI announced that its model **Mistral Large 4** ranked as the #1 open‑source (OSS) model on **Harvey’s Legal Agent Benchmark (LAB)**, an evaluation benchmark for legal AI agents. The tweet post
arXiv:2609.17546v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In this position paper, we argue that legal LLMs' hallucinations should be evaluated as a failure of legal warrant rather than as factual inaccuracy or
OpenAI: OpenAI launches Astra for Law, combining GPT-6 Astra with a legal search index and instructions for legal analysis and writing, initially for select law firms — Our most powerful model, config
arXiv:2606.23716v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Legal AI benchmark research frequently invokes the assumption that large language models can improve access to justice, including for people who canno
arXiv:2606.24585v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While the validity of LLMs' use in the legal context remains subject to ethical and legal debate, legal professionals are already experimenting with per
arXiv:2605.26530v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Legal reasoning requires distinguishing changes that matter from those that do not. Legal AI should remain stable under legally irrelevant perturbations
arXiv:2605.26926v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Computing legal indicators from normative texts is a key task in legal monitoring and policy evaluation, but presents significant challenges due to the
arXiv:2605.14049v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The growing adoption of large language models in legal practice brings both significant promise and serious risk. Legal professionals stand to benefit f
arXiv:2604.17153v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Transforming legal text into executable decision logic is a longstanding challenge in legal informatics. With the rise of LLMs, this task has gained ren
arXiv:2512.12643v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Legal relations serve as an important analytical framework for dispute resolution in civil cases. However, legal relations in Chinese civil cases re
arXiv:2604.11699v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This work aims to improve the generalization of logic-based legal reasoning systems by integrating recent advances in NLP with legal-domain adaptive f
A r/MachineLearning discussion thread exploring the potential NLP applications of a large-scale dataset comprising over 20 million Indian legal documents, enriched with citation graphs and pre-compute
arXiv:2604.10470v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Legal consultation question answering (Legal CQA) presents unique challenges compared to traditional legal QA tasks, including the scarcity of high-qu
arXiv:2609.02954v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Identifying the issues disputed between litigating parties is a crucial component of real-world litigation. However, legal issues remain comparatively u
We partnered with @FireworksAI_HQ to train open-source models for legal. Here's what we found: 1) Hybrid legal agents can beat frontier models on quality and cost by routing selectively to a frontier
arXiv:2608.03756v2 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A common task in legal Information Retrieval (IR) is to find relevant legal sources from case-law collections. While legal practice often requires pin
arXiv:2609.39189v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Trustworthy Legal AI requires systems that can answer legal questions while grounding their responses in authoritative sources. However, existing Vietna
arXiv:2609.39071v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Legal language models require reward signals that capture not only answer correctness but also the multidimensional quality of legal responses. Existing
arXiv:2607.05680v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: AI systems are increasingly used to provide legal advice, raising questions about whether laypeople accept guidance from algorithms--especially when t
arXiv:2605.02472v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Legal texts often contain computational legal clauses--provisions whose understanding requires complex logic. While frontier Large Reasoning Models (LRM
Legal scholars: OpenAI wants to claim that the suit would cause no legal precedent. Is that true, or BS? It’s not a US Supreme Court decision, obviously, but outcome can still be cited in other suits,
arXiv:2609.15999v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Accessing legal information in Nepal is difficult due to complex terminology, limited resources, and misinformation. We introduce an AI-powered legal as
arXiv:2609.16010v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The complexity of legal language and limited accessibility to legal information pose significant challenges to justice delivery in Nepal. Traditional le
arXiv:2608.08830v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Legal Statute Prediction (LSP) involves automatically identifying relevant legal statutes given factual descriptions in legal documents, typically frame
arXiv:2608.09106v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance across a wide range of legal tasks. In legal practice, time is a critical concept that
Hannah Lang / Reuters: Coinbase's chief legal officer, Paul Grewal, is stepping down after six years; VP of legal Molly Abraham moves into his role with the title of general counsel — Coinbase (COIN.O
arXiv:2506.07853v5 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Representing the temporal evolution of legal norms is a critical challenge for automated processing. While foundational frameworks exist, they lack
George Hammond / Financial Times: Q&A with Harvey CEO Winston Weinberg on launching the legal AI startup in 2022, how AI could shake up law firm business models, legal AI competition, and more — The c
arXiv:2605.19815v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Legal proposition generation is central to legal reasoning and doctrinal scholarship, yet remain under-examined in Legal NLP. This paper investigates
BREAKING: Grok 4.7 dominates the Legal Agent Benchmark. It scored 19.6% on realistic, long-term legal tasks, beating every other model tested. That is nearly 3× Fable 5.1. Another major win for Grok 4
Trump's Board of Peace plans to grant itself legal immunity for itself from “any arrest, detention or legal proceeding,' according to a draft resolution. The draft language would also let the organiza
arXiv:2512.04578v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Legal general intelligence (GI) refers to artificial intelligence (AI) that encompasses legal understanding, reasoning, and decision-making, simulat
arXiv:2512.01020v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Evaluating the quality of LLM-generated reasoning traces in expert domains (e.g., law) is essential for ensuring credibility and explainabilit
arXiv:2609.08372v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: A dense retriever encodes a question as one vector, but the question arrives one word at a time. We read 2,144 held-out headlines from Thu Vien Phap
arXiv:2508.07849v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Despite advances in legal NLP, no comprehensive evaluation of Transformer-based models customized for legal tasks (referred to as `legal-specific' m
arXiv:2605.10155v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Legal information in India remains largely inaccessible due to the complexity of legal language and the sheer volume of legal documentation involved in
arXiv:2606.09389v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to real-world legal tasks, evaluating the reliability of their open-ended legal responses h
arXiv:2608.29284v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Deploying large language models for legal question answering raises challenges that general-purpose leaderboards do not capture, particularly for low-re
arXiv:2512.14554v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has enabled new possibilities for applying artificial intelligence within the legal doma
arXiv:2610.13722v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Legal language understanding requires reasoning over semi-structured regulatory documents, yet standard pre-training objectives do not explicitly target
arXiv:2610.03639v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to support legal practice, education, and research, yet their reliability in national legal systems o
arXiv:2609.15113v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As robotic systems grow more general, legal norms are needed to integrate them into society. This paper extends the isomorphism problem of aligning le
arXiv:2505.14104v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Legal rules encompass not only codified statutes but also implicit adjudicatory principles derived from precedents that contain discretionary norms,
arXiv:2608.24258v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: AI systems are increasingly evaluated for legally accountable settings, where correct outputs must also be justifiable against an applicable legal stand
arXiv:2608.17168v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reasoning has become a standard technique and feature for contemporary LLMs; however, its application and quality in the context of demanding legal-or
arXiv:2608.17536v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Legal consultation questions exhibit multi-level complexity. A single retrieval strategy often leads to over-reasoning for simple questions and poor i
arXiv:2605.01486v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Legal consultation is a high-stakes, knowledge-intensive task that requires agents to identify relevant legal issues, retrieve authoritative support, an
arXiv:2511.08605v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Bangladesh's low-income population faces major barriers to affordable legal advice due to complex legal language, procedural opacity, and high costs
arXiv:2608.14210v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Hallucination is a major challenge for retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems in the legal domain, where ungrounded answers can lead to serious
arXiv:2605.24454v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have shown strong performance in the legal domain, demonstrating notable potential in Legal Question Answering (LQA). Howev
arXiv:2605.24452v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Legal NLP benchmarks evaluate models on randomly split data, implicitly assuming that legal language is stationary. We test this assumption by fine-tu
arXiv:2605.12012v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Public-sector legal departments in the Netherlands face acute staff shortages, increased case volumes, and increased pressure to meet regulatory com