safety

Beyond Pairwise Preferences: Listwise Reward-Aware Alignment for Diffusion Models

arXiv:2605.26491v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Preference optimization has emerged as an efficient alternative to online reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) for aligning text-to-image

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Beyond the Data Mesh Illusion: Designing Modern AI-augmented Lakehouses to Bridge the Gap Between Theory and Practice

DGX agent

arXiv:2605.27131v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Enterprise data platforms face an enduring tension between domain self-service and holistic governance. The data mesh paradigm proposed decentralized

safetyarxiv-cs-ai

27 May 2026

Beyond Trajectory-Level Attribution: Graph-Based Credit Assignment for Agentic Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2605.26684v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Group-based reinforcement learning (RL) methods have achieved remarkable success in improving the performance of large language models (LLMs) and have

Bilevel Optimization over Saddle Points of Zero-Sum Markov Games

arXiv:2605.26654v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) often has a hierarchical structure, where an upper-level (UL) learner selects model parameters and a lower-level (LL) deci

Breaking the Epistemic Trap: Active Perception Under Compound Uncertainty

arXiv:2605.26627v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Deploying reinforcement learning in safety critical domains, from autonomous vehicles to medical decision support, is constrained by failures arising

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

BrickAnything: Geometry-Conditioned Buildable Brick Generation with Structure-Aware Tokenization

arXiv:2605.26182v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Generating physically buildable brick structures from 3D shapes requires more than geometric reconstruction: the output must also satisfy discrete part

Bridging Control with Neural Network Verifier alpha-beta-CROWN: A Tutorial

arXiv:2605.26577v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Learning-based methods for synthesizing controllers have gained popularity due to their high expressiveness and strong empirical performance. However,

CFG-OEC: Classifier Free Guidance with Orthogonal Error Correction

arXiv:2511.14075v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Classifier free guidance is a standard method for conditional sampling in diffusion models, but its sampling rule is not aligned with the obje

ChainCaps: Composition-Safe Tool-Using Agents via Monotonic Capability Attenuation

arXiv:2605.26542v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Tool-using agents increasingly operate in open-ended deployment environments, where they compose file systems, web APIs, code interpreters, and enterp

CmIVTP: Cross-modal Interaction-based Vessel Trajectory Prediction for Maritime Intelligence

arXiv:2605.26524v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Maritime intelligent transportation systems (MITS) are essential for ensuring navigation safety and efficiency in busy waterways. However, accurate ve

CompassDPO: Dynamics-Controlled Direct Preference Optimization for Robust Safety Alignment

arXiv:2603.07211v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has become a standard framework for safety alignment, but its reliance on pairwise preference updates makes tra

Completely agree, @hwchase17 ! This is the meta-level breakthrough we've all been waiting for. Self-optimizing loops finally feel production…

Completely agree, @hwchase17 ! This is the meta-level breakthrough we've all been waiting for. Self-optimizing loops finally feel production-ready because LangSmith Engine turns evaluation from a manu

safetyharrison-chase--x

Completion vs Optimality: Policy Gradient in Long-Horizon Cumulative-Damage Problems

arXiv:2605.26657v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Long-horizon decision problems with cumulative damage couple locally attractive actions to globally adverse outcomes. We identify two orthogonal failure

Constrained Bayesian Experimental Design via Online Planning

arXiv:2605.26990v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Bayesian experimental design (BED) is a principled framework for data-efficient design of sequential experiments. However, existing BED methods are un

Constrained Meta Reinforcement Learning with Provable Test-Time Safety

arXiv:2601.21845v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Meta reinforcement learning (RL) allows agents to leverage experience across a distribution of tasks on which the agent can train at will, enabling

Conv-to-Bench: Evaluating Language Models Via User-Assistant Dialogues In Code Tasks

arXiv:2605.26440v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has outpaced the scalability of traditional evaluation benchmarks, which remain heavily dependent

Cost of Structural Learning Under Censored Feedback: A Threshold-Bandit Approach

arXiv:2605.27076v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In many multi-agent applications, tasks yield rewards only when executed by a coalition meeting an unknown size threshold; otherwise, feedback is full

Counteraction-Aware Multi-Teacher On-Policy Distillation for General Capability Recovery with Domain Preservation

arXiv:2605.27115v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Domain specialization can improve LLM behavior in vertical domains, but often weakens the general capabilities inherited from the original model. Recent

Counterfactual Credit Policy Optimization for Multi-Agent Collaboration

arXiv:2603.21563v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Collaborative multi-agent large language models (LLMs) can solve complex reasoning tasks by decomposing roles, but reinforcement learning for such s

Credit-assigned Policy Gradient for Early Stage Retrieval in Two-stage Ranking

arXiv:2605.26385v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large-scale search, recommendation, and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems typically employ a two-stage architecture: an early-stage ranker

CroCo: Cross-Lingual Contrastive Preference Tuning on Self-Generations

arXiv:2605.26293v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Prior work establishes that controlled contrastiveness between self-generated responses from large language models, set via reward scores, improves do

Cross-Receiver Generalization for RF Fingerprint Identification via Feature Disentanglement and Adversarial Training

arXiv:2510.09405v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Radio frequency fingerprint identification (RFFI) is a key technique for wireless network security, leveraging intrinsic hardware imperfections to e

Cultural Value Alignment Via Latent Activation Steering in Large Language Models

arXiv:2605.26365v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) often exhibit homogenized cultural perspectives. While the World Values Survey (WVS) provides a gold standard for mapping h

Curriculum Learning for Safety Alignment

arXiv:2605.26315v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Direct Preference Optimisation (DPO) is widely used for safety alignment in large language models. However, prior work shows it is brittle and exhibit

Detecting Is Not Resolving: The Monitoring Control Gap in Retrieval Augmented LLMs

arXiv:2605.27157v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Retrieval-augmented LLMs are deployed for tasks where evidence quality determines action safety, yet evaluation protocols assume that single-turn robust

Dimensional Distribution Emotion State: Leveraging Valence and Arousal as a Common Embedding Space for Visual Emotion Analysis

arXiv:2605.26262v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Museums are important sites for the dissemination of culture and art. They are institutions rooted in history and tradition; their exhibitions are often

DuoGesture: Neuro-Inspired and Biomechanically Informed Dual-Stream Co-Speech Gesture Generation

arXiv:2605.26236v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Co-speech gesture generation requires both semantic expressivity and biomechanically plausible rhythmic motion. Existing holistic gesture models mix lex

DV-SFT: Direct Vision Supervision for Fine-Grained Visual Understanding

arXiv:2605.26656v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal large language models are typically trained end-to-end to predict ground-truth answers, yet supervision signals are applied exclusively to te

Efficient Agentic Reinforcement Learning with On-Policy Intrinsic Knowledge Boundary Enhancement

arXiv:2605.26952v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Agentic reinforcement learning (RL) has proven effective for training LLM-based agents with external tool-use capabilities. However, we identify that ag

Efficient On-policy Visual-RL via Stochastic Decoupled Policy Gradient

arXiv:2605.26478v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present the stochastic decoupled policy gradient (SDPG), a lightweight visual reinforcement learning (RL) method that trains diverse visuomotor con

Elias in the Lighthouse, Again? Diagnosing Low Diversity in LLM Stories

arXiv:2605.26492v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: LLM-generated stories are a popular use case, but they show very low variability. We sample 20,000 total stories from four current models using five p

Elon Musk on why humanity must become multiplanetary: “I think it's important for the long-term preservation and ultimately the expansion an…

Elon Musk on why humanity must become multiplanetary: “I think it's important for the long-term preservation and ultimately the expansion and extension of the scope and scale of consciousness... that

safetyelon-musk--x

EmoDistill: Offline Emotion Skill Distillation for Language Model Agents in Adversarial Negotiation

arXiv:2605.26785v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Post-trained LLMs are often optimized to align responses with human preferences, making them safe, polite, and conversationally appropriate. In advers

Enabling Extensible Embodied Capabilities with Tools

arXiv:2605.26637v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Most existing embodied intelligence methods formulate perception, reasoning, planning, and control within a unified parameterized policy. Yet these capa

safetyarxiv-cs-ro

Erased but Exploitable: Black-box Embedding-Aware Prompting Against Unlearned Text-to-Image Diffusion Models

arXiv:2605.26332v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Machine unlearning aims to remove specific concepts from pretrained text-to-image diffusion models, yet several white- and black-box attacks have been

🔬ESMFold2: The Bitter Lesson is Coming for Proteins - Alex Rives, BioHub

ESMFold2 represents an advancement in protein structure prediction leveraging scaling laws and transformer-based language models, building on principles that favor compute and data scale over hand-cra

safetylatent-space

Ethical Fairness without Demographics in Human-Centered AI

arXiv:2603.13373v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: In ubiquitous and mobile health systems, computational models infer human states from wearable, behavioral, and physiological sensing data. In

Evaluating Sample Utility for Efficient Data Selection by Mimicking Model Weights

arXiv:2501.06708v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large-scale web-crawled datasets contain noise, bias, and irrelevant information, necessitating data selection techniques. Existing methods de

FalAR: A Large-scale Speaker-Annotated European Portuguese Speech Corpus of Parliamentary Sessions

arXiv:2605.27062v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: State-of-the-art performance for Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) largely depends on the availability of large-scale labeled corpora. This creates a d

Few-shot Cross-country Generalization of Tabular Machine Learning and Foundation Models for Childhood Anemia Prediction under Distribution Shift

arXiv:2605.26589v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Childhood anemia affects around 40% of children aged 6-59 months globally and arises from heterogeneous factors, limiting model generalizability. We e

FinHarness: An Inline Lifecycle Safety Harness for Finance LLM Agents

arXiv:2605.27333v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Finance LLM agents must simultaneously block prompt-induced unauthorized actions and approve legitimate multi-step business workflows. However, boundary

Flow Matching Policy Optimization with Mirror Descent and Entropy Constraints

arXiv:2603.17685v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Balancing policy expressiveness with the exploration-exploitation trade-off is a core challenge in online Reinforcement Learning (RL). While Stochas

FM-fMRI: Event Conditioned Flow Matching for Rest-to-Task fMRI Time-Series Synthesis

arXiv:2605.26423v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Task-based fMRI provides a direct readout of task-evoked neural dynamics, but it is expensive and difficult to acquire at scale, motivating rest-to-task

Foundations of a Time-Consistent Counterfactual Actuarial Runtime for Autonomous AI Agents

arXiv:2605.26508v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We propose a foundational runtime actuarial layer for autonomous AI agents in which every side-effect-bearing action carries a time-consistent, counte

From Norms to Indicators (N2I-RAG): An Agentic Retrieval-Augmented Generation Framework for Legal Indicator Computation

arXiv:2605.26926v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Computing legal indicators from normative texts is a key task in legal monitoring and policy evaluation, but presents significant challenges due to the

From Static Context to Calibrated Interactive RL: Mitigating Distribution Shift in Multi-turn Dialogue with Aligned Simulator

arXiv:2605.26403v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A long-standing goal of the research community is to develop highly interactive LLM-based dialogue agents. Recent research focuses on optimizing policie

FTibSuite: A Comprehensive Resource Suite for Tibetan Vision-Language Modeling

arXiv:2605.26601v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-language models have progressed rapidly, but Tibetan remains a severely underserved low-resource language due to the lack of reproducible trainin

Furina: Fragmented Uncertainty-Driven Refusal Instability Attack

arXiv:2605.26158v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Safety alignment in large language models (LLMs) and multimodal large language models (MLLMs) is commonly assumed to operate as a near-binary threshol