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Optimized Instance Alteration for Explaining and Assessing Robustness of Classifiers

arXiv:2607.06637v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In this work, we propose a unified approach for diagnosing misclassification and assessing the robustness of black-box classifiers. Central to our metho

researcharxiv-cs-lg

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ORAN-DEFEND: Subspace Detection and Sanitization of Backdoor DRL xApps in Open RAN

DGX agent

arXiv:2607.06647v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN) increasingly delegate near-real-time control to deep reinforcement learning (DRL) xApps obtained from third-party v

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

9 Jul 2026

ORCAID: Oblique Rule-Based Continuous-Action Interpretation for Deep RL Policies

arXiv:2607.07235v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Explainability remains a key issue in reinforcement learning (RL). Distilling an interpretable policy from an agent trained in a complex environment i

Overview of the NLPCC 2026 Shared Task 1: Difficulty-Aware Multilingual and Multimodal Medical Instructional Video Understanding Evaluation

arXiv:2607.06618v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Following the CMIVQA, MMI-VQA, and M4IVQA challenges in NLPCC 2023--2025, we introduce the Difficulty-Aware Medical Instructional Video Question Answe

PALS: Percentile-Aware Layerwise Sparsity for LLM Pruning

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2607.07557v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: One-shot pruning methods like Wanda and SparseGPT apply the same sparsity ratio to every layer of a transformer, ignoring known variation in layer impor

Parametric and Generative Forecasts of EPEX Dayhar45 Ahead Energy Market Curves

arXiv:2601.20226v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We propose two methodologies for modelling aggregated supply and demand curves in the EPEX SPOT Dayhar45 Ahead market, emphasizing generative models

PB-OEL: A Performance-Bounded Online Ensemble Learning Framework With Mixed Feedback for Real-Time Safety Assessment

arXiv:2503.15581v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Real-time safety assessment is critical for ensuring the reliable operation of complex dynamic systems. However, obtaining full safety labels in rea

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Pelican-VLA 0.5: Attending Before Acting Benefits Generalization

arXiv:2607.06655v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In this report, we present Pelican-VLA 0.5, a unified VLA model that integrates vision-language understanding, future-frame generation, and action pre

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

PeTeR: Post-Training Robustification of Probabilistic Circuits

arXiv:2607.07671v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Probabilistic circuits (PCs) can model complex joint distributions while supporting exact and efficient computation of many inference queries. However,

researcharxiv-cs-lg

Physical activities enable scalable foundation modelling for broad-spectrum health prediction

arXiv:2607.06954v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Wearable and mobile sensing technologies have demonstrated strong potential for health inference; however, most sensor models are designed for specific

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Physically Grounded Monocular Depth via Nanophotonic Wavefront Encoding

arXiv:2503.15770v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Depth foundation models (DFMs) offer strong learned priors for 3D perception from single RGB images but lack physical depth cues, leading to a

Physics-Audited Agentic Discovery in Scientific Machine Learning

arXiv:2607.07379v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In agentic scientific machine learning (SciML), large language model (LLM) agents can discover surrogate models and select one by an automated score, ty

Physics-guided spatiotemporal neural models for fuel density prediction

arXiv:2607.06999v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This paper presents a physics-guided machine learning (PGML) framework for fuel density prediction, integrating physics constraints and domain knowled

Pixel-Precise Explainable Stress Indexing: A Semantic Segmentation Framework for Disease Severity Quantification in Field Crops

arXiv:2607.06585v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Plant diseases, resulting from both biotic and abiotic stresses, cause an estimated 20-40% loss in global agricultural yield annually, resulting in econ

PLED-VINS: A Point-Line Event-Based Visual Inertial SLAM for Dynamic Environments

arXiv:2607.07374v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Dynamic environments remain a fundamental challenge for visual SLAM, where unreliable observations from moving objects and rapid motion degrade state es

researcharxiv-cs-ro

POO-LPSP: Parallel Osprey Optimized Least Penalty-Squared Prioritization Methods for Priority Derivation in the Analytic Hierarchy Process

arXiv:2607.07313v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Pairwise comparison (PC) via pairwise reciprocal matrices (PRMs) is central to the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Although the traditional eigenvec

POPS: Recovering Unlearned Multi-Modality Knowledge in MLLMs with Prompt-Optimized Parameter Shaking

arXiv:2607.06649v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on cross-modal tasks by jointly training on large-scale textual and

Power and Limitations of Aggregation in Compound AI Systems

arXiv:2602.21556v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: When designing compound AI systems, a common approach is to query multiple copies of the same model and aggregate the responses to produce a synthes

Practicing with Language Models Cultivates Human Empathic Communication

arXiv:2603.15245v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Empathy is central to human connection, yet people often struggle to express it effectively. In blinded evaluations, large language models (LLMs) ge

researcharxiv-cs-cl

Predicting LLM Safety Before Release by Simulating Deployment

arXiv:2607.07184v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Pre-deployment safety evaluations aim to inform the downstream risks of releasing a new AI model. Yet most evaluations provide limited evidence about

PriGo: Test-Time Primitive Guidance to Diffusion and Flow Policies for Adaptive Robotic Manipulation

arXiv:2607.07076v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Imitation learning has enabled remarkable progress in robotic manipulation, especially with diffusion and flow-based policies that generate complex visu

applicationsarxiv-cs-ro

Prior-aware and Context-guided Group Sampling for Active Probabilistic Subsampling

arXiv:2607.07083v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Subsampling significantly reduces the number of measurements, thereby streamlining data processing and transfer overhead, and shortening acquisition t

applicationsarxiv-cs-lg

Prior-matched evaluation of operational Earth-observation classifiers: a three-number reporting method demonstrated on Sentinel-1 internal-wave detection

arXiv:2607.07146v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The Internal Waves Service screens the Sentinel-1 Wave-mode archive for internal solitary waves, routing detections to experts whose adjudication time

Programmable Synchronization Graphs for Adaptive and Fault-Tolerant Modular Miniature Robots

model-releasesarxiv-cs-ro

arXiv:2607.07281v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Modular miniature robots could provide scalable function in constrained environments, but coordinating many imperfect modules remains difficult when com

Progressive Crystallization: Turning Agent Exploration into Deterministic, Lower-Cost Workflows in Production

arXiv:2607.07052v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: AI agents deployed for IT operations are typically permanent cost centers because every execution requires full LLM inference, even for previously sol

ProMoE-FL: Prototype-conditioned Mixture of Experts for Multimodal Federated Learning with Missing Modalities

arXiv:2607.06633v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In this paper, we address the problem of multimodal federated learning with missing modality. Existing methods utilize an additional public dataset or

Protocol Models: Scaling Decentralized Training with Communication-Efficient Model Parallelism

arXiv:2506.01260v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Scaling models has led to significant advancements in deep learning, but training these models in decentralized settings remains challenging due to

Tutorials

Prototype-Anchored Generalized Manifold Regression for Unknown-Domain Object Detection

arXiv:2607.07192v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In this paper, we study Single-Domain Generalized Object Detection (Single-DGOD), which aims to transfer a detector trained on a single source domain to

tutorialsarxiv-cs-cv

Provably Efficient Off-Policy Adversarial Imitation Learning with Convergence Guarantees

arXiv:2405.16668v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Adversarial Imitation Learning (AIL) faces challenges with sample inefficiency because of its reliance on sufficient on-policy data to evaluate the

safetyarxiv-cs-lg

Local Ai

PRoVeFL: Private Robust and Verifiable Aggregation in Federated Learning

arXiv:2607.06612v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Federated Learning (FL) enables multiple clients to collaboratively train machine learning models while retaining data locality, thereby enhancing use

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai

PUF: Plug-and-Play Uncertainty-Aware Fusion for Online 3D Scene Graph Generation

arXiv:2607.07170v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Online 3D scene graph generation builds a persistent, structured representation of a scene by incrementally fusing 2D observations into a global 3D grap

QANTIS: Hardware-Calibrated Sequential POMDP Belief Updates on IBM Heron

arXiv:2607.06760v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Autonomous systems under partial observability act on beliefs, not raw sensor events. QANTIS treats the quantum processor as a calibrated belief-update

QCNN with Rough Path Signature Kernels

arXiv:2607.07634v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Time series analysis plays a vital role across a wide range of scientific and engineering domains but poses substantial computational challenges. A ma

Quantum simulation of real-world nonlinear dynamics via Koopman method

arXiv:2607.07338v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Nonlinear dynamics is ubiquitous in nature, ranging from chemical pattern formation to ocean circulation, yet its simulation on quantum computers is f

applicationsarxiv-cs-ai

R^3: Advertisement Compliance Rectification via Group-Relative Experience Extractor and Curriculum Reinforcement

arXiv:2607.07318v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Rigorous content moderation is crucial for online advertising but leads to millions of daily rejections. This scale renders manual rectification infeasi

safetyarxiv-cs-cl

Rail Track Extraction from Rasterized Classified Point Clouds Using a Full-Resolution, Fully Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network

arXiv:2607.06829v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Rail track extraction is essential for effective railway asset management and maintenance, especially in automated inspection and mapping workflows. Thi

Rapidly Learning Soft Robot Control via Implicit Time-Stepping

arXiv:2511.06667v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: With the explosive growth of rigid-body simulators, policy learning in simulation has become the de facto standard for most rigid morphologies

Reason Less, Verify More: Deterministic Gates Recover a Silent Policy-Violation Failure Mode in Tool-Using LLM Agents

arXiv:2607.07405v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Tool-using LLM agents can violate the very policies they are deployed to enforce while appearing to complete the task successfully. In policy-permissive

Reasoning Consistency Scanning: A Framework for Auditing Chain-of-Thought Validity in AI Safety Evaluations

arXiv:2607.07229v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Prior work has shown that chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning is often unfaithful: a model's stated reasoning does not reliably reflect the process that pr

Reconfigurable Radiology Labels Without Relabeling

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2607.06597v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Public chest-radiograph (CXR) datasets are typically released with small, fixed label schemas such as CheXpert-14. However, the underlying free-text r

Tutorials

Recovering Candidate Circadian Regulators of Arrhythmic Pituitary Hormone Genes Using Reliability-Weighted Magnetic Laplacian with rwMagLap

arXiv:2607.06579v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We study how to recover candidate circadian-clock regulators of pituitary hormone genes that are important for women's health but do not show a clear

tutorialsarxiv-cs-lg

Recovering Latent Structures after Variational Bayesian Variable Selection: Fit Assessment and Factor-Number Selection in Partially Exploratory Factor Analysis

model-releasesarxiv-cs-cl

arXiv:2607.07159v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In partially exploratory factor analysis (PEFA), the loading structure and factor numbers are weakly specified. The regularized variational approximat

Recursive Self-Improvement in AI: From Bounded Self-Refinement to Autonomous Research Loops

arXiv:2607.07663v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: AI systems increasingly participate in their own improvement: revising their outputs, adapting their own harnesses during deployment, training on data t

Refine Thought: A Test-Time Inference Method for Embedding Model Reasoning

arXiv:2511.13726v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We propose RT (Refine Thought), a method that can enhance the semantic reasoning ability of text embedding models. The method obtains the fina

Reinforcement Federated Learning Method Based on Adaptive OPTICS Clustering

arXiv:2306.12859v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Federated learning is a distributed machine learning technology, which realizes the balance between data privacy protection and data sharing computi

Reliable and Developer-Aligned Evaluation of Agents for Software Engineering

arXiv:2607.06713v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models are rapidly moving towards closing the development cycle, transitioning from simple assistive companions to autonomous contribut

Reliable mechanistic operator recovery with biologically-informed neural networks: principles for architecture and optimisation design

arXiv:2607.07425v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Many biological processes are governed by complex dynamical mechanisms that remain incompletely understood despite increasing volumes of experimental

Local Ai

ReMoDEx: A Local-to-Global Relevance-Based Model Decision Explainability Framework for large-Scale Image Datasets

arXiv:2607.06889v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Deep learning image classifiers achieve strong predictive performance yet remain opaque in how decisions are formed. A model may predict correctly whi

local-aiarxiv-cs-ai